QUESTONS AND ANSWERS RATED
100% CORRECT 2025 UPDATE.
What is classical conditioning?
Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and
anticipate events.
Who is the founder of classical conditioning?
Pavlov is the founder of classical conditioning.
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
In classical conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that unconditionally—naturally
and automatically—triggers a response.
What is an unconditioned response?
In classical conditioning, an unconditioned response is the unlearned, naturally occurring
response to the unconditioned stimulus (US), such as salivation when food is in the mouth.
What is a neutral stimulus?
In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is a stimulus that elicits no response before
conditioning.
What is operant conditioning?
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a
reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
Who developed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning by training pigeons and rats.
, What is positive reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement is the process of increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such
as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens
the response.
What is negative reinforcement?
Negative reinforcement is the process of increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative
stimuli, such as shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a
response, strengthens the response. (Note: Negative reinforcement is not punishment.)
What is positive punishment?
Positive punishment is the administration of a stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior's
recurring.
What is negative punishment?
Negative punishment is the removal of a stimulus to decrease the probability of a behavior's
recurring.
What is shaping in operant conditioning?
Shaping is the process in operant conditioning in which something is learned gradually.
What is observational learning?
Observational learning is learning by observing others.
What is insight learning?
Insight learning is the process of learning how to solve a problem or do something new by
applying what is already known.