PENN FOSTER VETERINARY
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers Latest Update 2025
GRADED A+
Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized
by the - Liver
Define: Ethical Product - one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the
manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a - Metabolite
A reason to use a drug is a(n) - Indication
Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except
a. Practical experience
b. Assesment of the patient
c. Obtaining a history
d. Performing lab tests - A. Practical experience.
Define: extralabel - Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called -
Pharmacokinetics
Parenteral drugs are administered - by injections.
The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was
administered into a form that can be eliminated from the body is called -
Metabolism (biotransformation)
Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called -
efficacy
An adverse drug reaction is always life-threatening. T/F? - False
List the six practices recommended by the AVMA for the safe disposal of unwanted
drugs. - 1.Incinerate when possible
2. Send to landfill when incinerated
3. Never flush down drain or toilet
4. Maintain close inventory control
,5. Follow state and federal guidelines
6. Educate clients on proper disposal techniques.
Name 4 common Drug Preparations - Drugs for oral administration, drugs for parenteral
administration, drugs for inhalation, and drugs for topical inhalations.
Boluses are used in the treatment of - Large animals with a balling gun
name two types of parenteral injection forms - injections, implants.
Vials may be either dose or dose - single-, multi-
,All needles should be discarded in a - sharps container
Name the 6 rights of drug administration - Right patient, right drug, right dose, right
route, right time and frequency, right
documentation
Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are - Vomiting
Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most and effective administration -
Rapid
An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every hours - 72
A Simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to animals - large
Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled substance log - Date, owner's
name, patient's name, drug name, amount dispensed or administered, name(s) of
personnel administering the drug to the patient
Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes for any length of time
before administration? - The plastic syringe may absorb the drug, which may cause it to
be less effective
List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use - luer-lock, slip-tip, eccentric,
catheter tip
A tuberculin syringe holds up to mL of medication - 1
A(n) is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is intended to relieve
some other irritation - Counter irritant
What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls? - insulin syringe
A(n) will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and must be shaken well
before use to provide a uniform dose - suspension
Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws onto the tip of the
syringe? - Luer-Lok tip
All of the following are sites for IV administration in small animals except
a. jugular vein
b. carotid artery
c. lateral saphenous vein
d. phalic vein - b. carotid artery
, If an IV catheter is not used continuously it should be flushed with heparinized saline
every to hours - 8,12
Cerumen is a substance that is commonly found in what anatomic part of the body? -
ear
Any patient receiving IV fluid therapy should be monitored every to minutes. -
15,30
IV tubing should be changed after a to hour period. - 48, 72
When an intramuscular injection is given in the pelvic limb of a dog or cat, the area near
the nerve should be avoided. - sciatic
Describe the difference between an agonist and an opioid antagonist - An agonist is a
drug that combines with a receptor to bring about an action and an antagonist combines
with a receptor to block the action.
Define: neurotransmitter - A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance released by a
nerve ending at the synapse. It acts on the adjacent neuron to stimulate, inhibit, or
change its activity.
The area of the brain that serves to relay information from the spinal cord and brainstem
to the interpretation center in the cerebrum is the - Thalamus
Most CNS drugs act by or the effects of neurotransmitters. - Interrupting
he generation or conduction of nerve impulses; interfering with
What are the primary neurotransmitters for adrenergic receptors? - epinephrine and
norepinephrine
List the four primary ways in which drugs affect the ANS. - mimicking neurotransmitters,
interfering with neurotransmitters release, blocking the attachment of neurotransmitters
to receptors and interfering with the breakdown of neurotransmitters
List five indications for the use of cholinergic agents - Control vomiting, treat urinary
retention, stimulate GI activity, treat glaucoma and to aid in diagnosis of myasthenia
gravis.
Atropine, scopolamine, glycopyrrolate, and aminopentamide are examples of what
specific drug class? - Cholinergic blocking agents
What category of drug is used to treat cardiac arrest and anaphylactic shock? -
adrenergic (sympathomimetic)
Propranolol is an example of which category of drug? - Beta Blocker
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers Latest Update 2025
GRADED A+
Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized
by the - Liver
Define: Ethical Product - one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the
manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a - Metabolite
A reason to use a drug is a(n) - Indication
Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except
a. Practical experience
b. Assesment of the patient
c. Obtaining a history
d. Performing lab tests - A. Practical experience.
Define: extralabel - Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called -
Pharmacokinetics
Parenteral drugs are administered - by injections.
The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was
administered into a form that can be eliminated from the body is called -
Metabolism (biotransformation)
Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called -
efficacy
An adverse drug reaction is always life-threatening. T/F? - False
List the six practices recommended by the AVMA for the safe disposal of unwanted
drugs. - 1.Incinerate when possible
2. Send to landfill when incinerated
3. Never flush down drain or toilet
4. Maintain close inventory control
,5. Follow state and federal guidelines
6. Educate clients on proper disposal techniques.
Name 4 common Drug Preparations - Drugs for oral administration, drugs for parenteral
administration, drugs for inhalation, and drugs for topical inhalations.
Boluses are used in the treatment of - Large animals with a balling gun
name two types of parenteral injection forms - injections, implants.
Vials may be either dose or dose - single-, multi-
,All needles should be discarded in a - sharps container
Name the 6 rights of drug administration - Right patient, right drug, right dose, right
route, right time and frequency, right
documentation
Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are - Vomiting
Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most and effective administration -
Rapid
An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every hours - 72
A Simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to animals - large
Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled substance log - Date, owner's
name, patient's name, drug name, amount dispensed or administered, name(s) of
personnel administering the drug to the patient
Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes for any length of time
before administration? - The plastic syringe may absorb the drug, which may cause it to
be less effective
List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use - luer-lock, slip-tip, eccentric,
catheter tip
A tuberculin syringe holds up to mL of medication - 1
A(n) is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is intended to relieve
some other irritation - Counter irritant
What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls? - insulin syringe
A(n) will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and must be shaken well
before use to provide a uniform dose - suspension
Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws onto the tip of the
syringe? - Luer-Lok tip
All of the following are sites for IV administration in small animals except
a. jugular vein
b. carotid artery
c. lateral saphenous vein
d. phalic vein - b. carotid artery
, If an IV catheter is not used continuously it should be flushed with heparinized saline
every to hours - 8,12
Cerumen is a substance that is commonly found in what anatomic part of the body? -
ear
Any patient receiving IV fluid therapy should be monitored every to minutes. -
15,30
IV tubing should be changed after a to hour period. - 48, 72
When an intramuscular injection is given in the pelvic limb of a dog or cat, the area near
the nerve should be avoided. - sciatic
Describe the difference between an agonist and an opioid antagonist - An agonist is a
drug that combines with a receptor to bring about an action and an antagonist combines
with a receptor to block the action.
Define: neurotransmitter - A neurotransmitter is a chemical substance released by a
nerve ending at the synapse. It acts on the adjacent neuron to stimulate, inhibit, or
change its activity.
The area of the brain that serves to relay information from the spinal cord and brainstem
to the interpretation center in the cerebrum is the - Thalamus
Most CNS drugs act by or the effects of neurotransmitters. - Interrupting
he generation or conduction of nerve impulses; interfering with
What are the primary neurotransmitters for adrenergic receptors? - epinephrine and
norepinephrine
List the four primary ways in which drugs affect the ANS. - mimicking neurotransmitters,
interfering with neurotransmitters release, blocking the attachment of neurotransmitters
to receptors and interfering with the breakdown of neurotransmitters
List five indications for the use of cholinergic agents - Control vomiting, treat urinary
retention, stimulate GI activity, treat glaucoma and to aid in diagnosis of myasthenia
gravis.
Atropine, scopolamine, glycopyrrolate, and aminopentamide are examples of what
specific drug class? - Cholinergic blocking agents
What category of drug is used to treat cardiac arrest and anaphylactic shock? -
adrenergic (sympathomimetic)
Propranolol is an example of which category of drug? - Beta Blocker
