Medical Surgical Nursing Exam 1
Delegation - ANS-The assignment of new or additional responsibilities to a subordinate
The RN delegates tasks based on the: - ANS--The needs and condition of the patient
-Potential for harm
-Stability of the patient
-Task complexity
-Ability of the staff
What an RN can delegate - ANS-The RN may delegate care but not the components of the
nursing process (assessment, planning, evaluation, and judgment)
LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse - ANS-1 year of training in basic nursing skills can perform
many of the same tasks that RNs perform with some exceptions
tasks LPNs cannot perform - ANS-initial assessments, initial education, analysis of data, create
a plan of care, administer blood products (certain IV meds, TPN (IV food supplement), IV push,
chemotherapy medication)
UAP (Unlicensed Assistive Personnel) - ANS-Trained in a supportive role usually by the
hospital or organization in which they work
UAPs can perform - ANS-ROUTINE/REPETITIVE TASKS
-hygiene
-feeding
-ambulation
-documentation of vitals
Common delegation errors - ANS--Under delegating
-Over delegating
-Improper delegating
5 rights of delegation - ANS-right task
right circumstance
right person
right direction/communication
right supervision
Three Levels of Priority Setting - ANS--1st: life threatening needs (ABC of nursing:
airway/breathing/circulation)
, -2nd: safety, mental status changes, acute pain, acute elimination problems, abnormal lab
results, untreated medical issues (unhealthy consequences)
-3rd: more long term issues in health education, rest and coping (makes no difference is
attended to this day)
Intracellular fluid location in the body - ANS-2/3 of the body fluid is located within cells
Prevalent extracellular cation - ANS-sodium Na+
Prevalent intercellular anion - ANS-phosphate (PO43-)
Extracellular fluid location in the body - ANS-located in the space between cells and in lymph
Prevalent intracellular cation - ANS-Sodium (Na+)
Prevalent intracellular anion - ANS-Chloride (Cl-)
Plasma - ANS-liquid part of blood
Interstitial fluid - ANS-fluid in the space between cells
Transcellular fluid - ANS-Fluid found in specialized cavities such as cerebrospinal fluid/ gastric
juices/ peritoneal fluid
Prevalent bone cation - ANS-Calcium (Ca2+)
Diffusion - ANS-movement of molecules from high to low concentration (no energy
requirement)
Facilitated diffusion - ANS-movement of molecules from high to low concentration with carrier
molecules (no energy requirement)
Active transport - ANS-movement of molecules against concentration gradient (external energy
required)
**sodium/potassium pump**
Osmosis - ANS-the movement of water from low concentrate to high concentrate between two
compartments by a membrane permeable to water but not solute
Osmotic pressure - ANS-amount of pressure required to stop osmotic flow · (determined by
concentration of solutes in solution)
Hydrostatic pressure - ANS-major force that pushes water out of the vascular system
Delegation - ANS-The assignment of new or additional responsibilities to a subordinate
The RN delegates tasks based on the: - ANS--The needs and condition of the patient
-Potential for harm
-Stability of the patient
-Task complexity
-Ability of the staff
What an RN can delegate - ANS-The RN may delegate care but not the components of the
nursing process (assessment, planning, evaluation, and judgment)
LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse - ANS-1 year of training in basic nursing skills can perform
many of the same tasks that RNs perform with some exceptions
tasks LPNs cannot perform - ANS-initial assessments, initial education, analysis of data, create
a plan of care, administer blood products (certain IV meds, TPN (IV food supplement), IV push,
chemotherapy medication)
UAP (Unlicensed Assistive Personnel) - ANS-Trained in a supportive role usually by the
hospital or organization in which they work
UAPs can perform - ANS-ROUTINE/REPETITIVE TASKS
-hygiene
-feeding
-ambulation
-documentation of vitals
Common delegation errors - ANS--Under delegating
-Over delegating
-Improper delegating
5 rights of delegation - ANS-right task
right circumstance
right person
right direction/communication
right supervision
Three Levels of Priority Setting - ANS--1st: life threatening needs (ABC of nursing:
airway/breathing/circulation)
, -2nd: safety, mental status changes, acute pain, acute elimination problems, abnormal lab
results, untreated medical issues (unhealthy consequences)
-3rd: more long term issues in health education, rest and coping (makes no difference is
attended to this day)
Intracellular fluid location in the body - ANS-2/3 of the body fluid is located within cells
Prevalent extracellular cation - ANS-sodium Na+
Prevalent intercellular anion - ANS-phosphate (PO43-)
Extracellular fluid location in the body - ANS-located in the space between cells and in lymph
Prevalent intracellular cation - ANS-Sodium (Na+)
Prevalent intracellular anion - ANS-Chloride (Cl-)
Plasma - ANS-liquid part of blood
Interstitial fluid - ANS-fluid in the space between cells
Transcellular fluid - ANS-Fluid found in specialized cavities such as cerebrospinal fluid/ gastric
juices/ peritoneal fluid
Prevalent bone cation - ANS-Calcium (Ca2+)
Diffusion - ANS-movement of molecules from high to low concentration (no energy
requirement)
Facilitated diffusion - ANS-movement of molecules from high to low concentration with carrier
molecules (no energy requirement)
Active transport - ANS-movement of molecules against concentration gradient (external energy
required)
**sodium/potassium pump**
Osmosis - ANS-the movement of water from low concentrate to high concentrate between two
compartments by a membrane permeable to water but not solute
Osmotic pressure - ANS-amount of pressure required to stop osmotic flow · (determined by
concentration of solutes in solution)
Hydrostatic pressure - ANS-major force that pushes water out of the vascular system
