Medical surgical Nursing LCSC
Respiratory lecture
restrictive lung disease - ANS-limitation of full expansion of the lungs. Lung volumes diminish
as a result of decreased lung or thoracic compliance.
examples of restrictive lung disease - ANS-cystic fibrosis(CF), pulmonary edema, sarcoidosis,
neuromuscular diseases
Obstructive airway disease - ANS-airway obstruction that limits airflow on exhalation (prolonged
exhalation time). The lungs cannot move air out.
examples obstructive airway disease - ANS-COPD, Emphysema ,Bronchitis and asthma
Asthma - ANS-asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease where a stimulus causes the
airways to narrow (bronchoconstriction) reversibility is key to diagnosis.
Reactive Airway Disease (RAD) versus asthma - ANS-some of the same signs and symptoms
as asthma after exposure to irritants (reversible bronchospasm)
potential triggers - ANS-allergens, exercise, cold, inhaled irritants, GERD, and emotional stress
Respiratory viruses - ANS-the most common precipitating factor
asthma with ABG - ANS-respiratory alkalosis with a decrease in o2 and sat. As the attack
process into a severe attack the ABG will shift to a respiratory acidosis. Lack of wheezing may
mean a worsening of disease
diagnosis of Asthma and COPD - ANS-pulmonary function test (PFT); peak expiatory flow rate;
ABG; & skin testing (for allergies)
Quick relief medications for asthma - ANS-Short- acting beta- agonist (SABA) inhaled
bronchodilators such as albuterol
systemic corticosteriods
long-term controller medications - ANS-inhaled corticosteriods (ICS)
long- acting beta agonist(LABA) (last 12 to 24 hrs) eg. salmeterol
long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
, Intermittent Asthma - ANS-occasional flare-ups
medications for asthma - ANS-albuterol or levabuterol (SABA- short acting beta agonists
bronchodilator- relaxes bronchial smooth)
inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)- an acute attack, gargle/rinse mouth
moderate persistent
what is the low to medium dose of a LABA (long acting beta agonists)? - ANS-foradil, serevent
what are the long-term controller medications for asthma? - ANS-corticosteroids (ICS)
fluticasone (flovent)
combination therapy ICS/LABA Symbicort,Advair, dulera, Breo-ellipta)
mast cell stabliziers- cromolyn sodium (intal)
leukotriene modifers- montelukast (singulair); Zileuton (zyflo)
high doses ICS/LABA for asthma require........ - ANS-oral corticosteriods
nursing care for asthma includes what? - ANS-measuring peak flow
teaching about the zones- red, green or yellow
teach the correct use of inhaler (with a spacer)
teach the importance of a step- wise approach
what is a complication of asthma? - ANS-COPD and status asthmatics
emergency care for asthma includes..... - ANS-SABA, IV,Corticosteriods, epinephrine, oxygen,
IV fluids
preventative measures for asthma - ANS-referral for allergy testing & daily physical activity
what are some of the causes for COPD? - ANS-asthma, chronic bronchitis, & emphysema,
cigarettes and genetics
What is bronchitis? - ANS-is an airway disease
What is emphysema? - ANS-is an alveolar disease
What is pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis? - ANS-hypertrophy of the bronchial mucous
glands & the production of mucoid sputum that is difficult to expectorate.
what are the signs and symptoms of chronic bronchitis? - ANS-daily productive cough last at
least 3 months for 2 years.
The excess mucous production, recurrent cough
susceptible to infections
inadequate clearing of secreations
Respiratory lecture
restrictive lung disease - ANS-limitation of full expansion of the lungs. Lung volumes diminish
as a result of decreased lung or thoracic compliance.
examples of restrictive lung disease - ANS-cystic fibrosis(CF), pulmonary edema, sarcoidosis,
neuromuscular diseases
Obstructive airway disease - ANS-airway obstruction that limits airflow on exhalation (prolonged
exhalation time). The lungs cannot move air out.
examples obstructive airway disease - ANS-COPD, Emphysema ,Bronchitis and asthma
Asthma - ANS-asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease where a stimulus causes the
airways to narrow (bronchoconstriction) reversibility is key to diagnosis.
Reactive Airway Disease (RAD) versus asthma - ANS-some of the same signs and symptoms
as asthma after exposure to irritants (reversible bronchospasm)
potential triggers - ANS-allergens, exercise, cold, inhaled irritants, GERD, and emotional stress
Respiratory viruses - ANS-the most common precipitating factor
asthma with ABG - ANS-respiratory alkalosis with a decrease in o2 and sat. As the attack
process into a severe attack the ABG will shift to a respiratory acidosis. Lack of wheezing may
mean a worsening of disease
diagnosis of Asthma and COPD - ANS-pulmonary function test (PFT); peak expiatory flow rate;
ABG; & skin testing (for allergies)
Quick relief medications for asthma - ANS-Short- acting beta- agonist (SABA) inhaled
bronchodilators such as albuterol
systemic corticosteriods
long-term controller medications - ANS-inhaled corticosteriods (ICS)
long- acting beta agonist(LABA) (last 12 to 24 hrs) eg. salmeterol
long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA)
, Intermittent Asthma - ANS-occasional flare-ups
medications for asthma - ANS-albuterol or levabuterol (SABA- short acting beta agonists
bronchodilator- relaxes bronchial smooth)
inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)- an acute attack, gargle/rinse mouth
moderate persistent
what is the low to medium dose of a LABA (long acting beta agonists)? - ANS-foradil, serevent
what are the long-term controller medications for asthma? - ANS-corticosteroids (ICS)
fluticasone (flovent)
combination therapy ICS/LABA Symbicort,Advair, dulera, Breo-ellipta)
mast cell stabliziers- cromolyn sodium (intal)
leukotriene modifers- montelukast (singulair); Zileuton (zyflo)
high doses ICS/LABA for asthma require........ - ANS-oral corticosteriods
nursing care for asthma includes what? - ANS-measuring peak flow
teaching about the zones- red, green or yellow
teach the correct use of inhaler (with a spacer)
teach the importance of a step- wise approach
what is a complication of asthma? - ANS-COPD and status asthmatics
emergency care for asthma includes..... - ANS-SABA, IV,Corticosteriods, epinephrine, oxygen,
IV fluids
preventative measures for asthma - ANS-referral for allergy testing & daily physical activity
what are some of the causes for COPD? - ANS-asthma, chronic bronchitis, & emphysema,
cigarettes and genetics
What is bronchitis? - ANS-is an airway disease
What is emphysema? - ANS-is an alveolar disease
What is pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis? - ANS-hypertrophy of the bronchial mucous
glands & the production of mucoid sputum that is difficult to expectorate.
what are the signs and symptoms of chronic bronchitis? - ANS-daily productive cough last at
least 3 months for 2 years.
The excess mucous production, recurrent cough
susceptible to infections
inadequate clearing of secreations
