l
,Contents
Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
l l l 4
Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
l l l l l 32
Chapter 3: Stoichiometry
l l 58
Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions and Solutions Stoichiometry
l l l l l l 97
Chapter 5: Gases
l l 130
Chapter 6: Thermochemistry
l l 170
Chapter 7: Atomic Structure and Periodicity
l l l l l 200
Chapter 8: Bonding: General Concepts
l l l l 242
Chapter 9: Covalent Bonding: Orbitals
l l l l 284
Chapter 10: Liquids and Solids
l l l l 314
Chapter 11: Properties of Solutions
l l l l 352
Chapter 12: Chemical Kinetics
l l l 387
Chapter 13: Chemical Equilibrium
l l l 436
Chapter 14: Acids and Bases
l l l l 465
Chapter 15: Acid-Base Equilibria
l l l 505
Chapter 16: Solubility and Complex Ion Equilibria
l l l l l l 538
Chapter 17: Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy
l l l l l l 566
Chapter 18: Electrochemistry
l l 603
Chapter 19: The Nucleus: A Chemist's View
l l l l l l 648
Chapter 20: The Representative Elements
l l l l 675
Chapter 21: Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
l l l l l l 713
Chapter 22: Organic and Biological Molecules
l l l l l 752
,Chapter 1: Chemical Foundations
l l l
1. Whichloflthelfollowinglislanlexampleloflalquantitativelobservation?
A) Thelpieceloflmetallisllongerlthanlthelpieceloflwood.
B) Solutionl1lislmuchldarkerlthanlsolutionl2.
C) ThelliquidlinlbeakerlAlislblue.
D) Theltemperatureloflthelliquidlisl60°C.
E) Atlleastltwoloflthelabovel(A-D)larelquantitativelobservations.
ANS:l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lscientificlmethodlMSC:l C
onceptual
2. Alquantitativelobservation
A) containslalnumberlandlalunit
B) doeslnotlcontainlalnumber
C) alwayslmakeslalcomparison
D) mustlbelobtainedlthroughlexperimentation
E) islnoneloflthese
ANS:l A DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lscientificlmethodlMSC:l C
onceptual
3. Generally,lobservedlbehaviorlthatlcanlbelformulatedlintolalstatement,lso
metimeslmathematicallinlnature,lislcalledla(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) naturalllaw
E) experiment
ANS:l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lscientificlmethodlMSC:l C
onceptual
4. Thelstatementl“Theltotallmassloflmaterialslislnotlaffectedlbylalchemicallchangelinlthos
elmaterials”lislcalledla(n)
A) observation
B) measurement
C) theory
D) naturalllaw
E) experiment
ANS:l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lscientificlmethodlMSC:l C
onceptual
5. Alchemicalltheorylthatlhaslbeenlknownlforlallongltimelbecomeslallaw.
, ANS:l F DIF: Easy REF: 1.2
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lscientificlmethodlMSC:l C
onceptual
6. Whichloflthelfollowinglmetriclrelationshipslislincorrect?
A) 1lmicroliterl=l10–6lliters
B) 1lgraml=l103lkilograms
C) 103lmillilitersl=l1lliter
D) 1lgraml=l102lcentigrams
E) 10ldecimetersl=l1lmeter
ANS:l B DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lmeasurementl|lSIlunitl|lprefixeslMSC:l
Quantitative
7. ForlwhichlpairlislthelSIlprefixlnotlmatchedlcorrectlylwithlitslmeaning?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ANS:l C DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lmeasurementl|lSIlunitl|lprefixeslMSC:l
Conceptual
8. Almetriclunitlforllengthlis
A) gram
B) milliliter
C) yard
D) kilometer
E) pound
ANS:l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lmeasurementl|lSIlunitl|lbaselunitlMSC:l Co
nceptual
9. WhichloflthelfollowinglislnotlalunitlinlthelSIlsystem?
A) ampere
B) candela
C) Kelvin
D) meter
E) calorie
ANS:l E DIF: Easy REF: 1.3
KEY:l Chemistryl|lgenerallchemistryl|lgenerallconceptsl|lmeasurementl|lSIlunitl|lbaselunitlMSC:l Co
nceptual
10. Orderlthelfourlmetriclprefixeslfromlsmallestltollargest.