HIV
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Chronic Disease! You can live a long time though
- Sometimes Progressive Immune Disorder
- HIV may cause AIDS in time
AIDS
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Final Phase of HIV Infection
- No Cure
- May Be Fatal
Incidence:
- Every 9.5 Minutes Someone Infected in U.S.
- Increasing Fastest in
- Women
- Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities
- HIV Increasing in Those Over 50 Years
Pathophysiology:
- HIV viral particle taken into human cell
- Reverse transcriptase forces human cell to produce new DNA from viral RNA
- HIV particles spread via lymphoid system
- HIV attracted to CD4+ T-lymphocytes
- CD4+ T-lymphocytes do not function normally; too busy replicating more HIV
- Impairment of immune system results
Progression:
- Initial exposure-2-4 week incubation period
o Can be exposed by needle stick and not have s/s for 2-4 weeks, then
have non-specific flu like symptoms. Then antibodies are made in the
body and show up in blood work. Then you’ll have a long symptom free
period, but you’re still considered contagious.
- Acute retroviral syndrome(non specific symptoms)
o May have fever, rash, joint pain, malaise, lymphadenopathy
- Develop antibodies to HIV -seroconversion
- Clinical latency: Symptom-free period
o CD4+ T-lymphocytes decreasing
o Varies: 8–12 years until specific symptomatic stage of HIV
- Symptomatic Infection
o Symptoms of weakening immune system
o Fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue
Diagnosis:
- HIV antibody tests
o May take weeks to months
o ELISA test-screens for antibodies if positive, well screen again
o Western blot-screens for antigens looks for HIV virus
- CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte count
o Check immune system function
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
- Chronic Disease! You can live a long time though
- Sometimes Progressive Immune Disorder
- HIV may cause AIDS in time
AIDS
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Final Phase of HIV Infection
- No Cure
- May Be Fatal
Incidence:
- Every 9.5 Minutes Someone Infected in U.S.
- Increasing Fastest in
- Women
- Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities
- HIV Increasing in Those Over 50 Years
Pathophysiology:
- HIV viral particle taken into human cell
- Reverse transcriptase forces human cell to produce new DNA from viral RNA
- HIV particles spread via lymphoid system
- HIV attracted to CD4+ T-lymphocytes
- CD4+ T-lymphocytes do not function normally; too busy replicating more HIV
- Impairment of immune system results
Progression:
- Initial exposure-2-4 week incubation period
o Can be exposed by needle stick and not have s/s for 2-4 weeks, then
have non-specific flu like symptoms. Then antibodies are made in the
body and show up in blood work. Then you’ll have a long symptom free
period, but you’re still considered contagious.
- Acute retroviral syndrome(non specific symptoms)
o May have fever, rash, joint pain, malaise, lymphadenopathy
- Develop antibodies to HIV -seroconversion
- Clinical latency: Symptom-free period
o CD4+ T-lymphocytes decreasing
o Varies: 8–12 years until specific symptomatic stage of HIV
- Symptomatic Infection
o Symptoms of weakening immune system
o Fever, night sweats, diarrhea, weight loss, fatigue
Diagnosis:
- HIV antibody tests
o May take weeks to months
o ELISA test-screens for antibodies if positive, well screen again
o Western blot-screens for antigens looks for HIV virus
- CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocyte count
o Check immune system function
