NUR 172 IV Therapy Exam 1
Isotonic Solutions - answerD5W (dextrose 5% in water)
NS (0.9% NaCl)
LR (Located ringers)
D5 1/4 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.225% NaCl)
Albumin 5%
What is a isotonic solution? - answer The concentration of solutes is equal inside and
outside the cell so water moves across the membrane in both directions maintaining cell
size.
=No major fluid shift
Hypotonic Solutions - answer*must be less than 0.9% NS
1/4 NS (0.225% NaCl)
1/2 NS (0.45% NaCl)
D2.5W (Dextrose 2.5% in water)
1/3 NS (0.33% NaCl)
What is hypotonic solution? - answer This solution moves the fluid from the vessel into
the cell. This is used for treating dehydration. The cell will SWELL from the flow of fluid
intake.
Hypertonic Solutions - answer*must be greater than 0.9% NS & two solvents together
D5 in NS (Dextrose 5% in NaCl)
D5 in LR (Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringers)
D5 in 1/2 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl)
TPN
PRC (packed red blood cells)
Albumin 25%
What are the cautions with administering hypotonic solutions in regards to tonicity? -
answerCaution: Pt's should be assessed for CVA, Head trauma, IICP, or pt's with low
BP before receiving this solution
What are the cautions with administrating hypertonic solutions in regards to tonicity? -
answerCaution: High BP, Heart or kidney failure/disease could cause fluid overload with
this solution
What is a hypertonic solution? - answerSolute concentration is greater than that inside
the cell. Cell loses water which will move into the vessel and the cell SHRINKS.
, How do you calculate ml/hr? - answerYou multiply the given ml and divide it by the hour
given.
What is the normal BUN value? - answer10-20
What is the normal potassium level? - answer3.5-5
What is the normal pH of blood? - answer7.35-7.45
What is the normal sodium level? - answer135-145
What is the normal calcium level? - answer9-11
(8-10.5)
What is the normal WBC count? - answer5,000-10,000
What is the normal creatinine level? - answer0.6-1.2
What is the normal phosphorus level? - answer3-4.5
What is the normal HCO3 level? - answer22-26
What is the normal PCO2 level? - answer35-45
Thirst - answerIs the earliest symptom of hemorrhage and is often present before other
sign of blood loss.
1 kg = - answer1000ml
1 pound = - answer500 ml
Fluid Volume Excess (FVE) - answerAbnormal retention of fluids and electrolytes. Too
much water in not enough out. Hypervolemia .
S/S of FVE - answer-high HR; bounding pulse
-high BP
-Increased wt
-edema
-JVD
-SOB/Crackles
-pink frothy sputum
-change in LOC
-diluted/ sediment urine
-low SPO2/ fast resp
Causes of FVE - answer-Renal disease/failure
Isotonic Solutions - answerD5W (dextrose 5% in water)
NS (0.9% NaCl)
LR (Located ringers)
D5 1/4 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.225% NaCl)
Albumin 5%
What is a isotonic solution? - answer The concentration of solutes is equal inside and
outside the cell so water moves across the membrane in both directions maintaining cell
size.
=No major fluid shift
Hypotonic Solutions - answer*must be less than 0.9% NS
1/4 NS (0.225% NaCl)
1/2 NS (0.45% NaCl)
D2.5W (Dextrose 2.5% in water)
1/3 NS (0.33% NaCl)
What is hypotonic solution? - answer This solution moves the fluid from the vessel into
the cell. This is used for treating dehydration. The cell will SWELL from the flow of fluid
intake.
Hypertonic Solutions - answer*must be greater than 0.9% NS & two solvents together
D5 in NS (Dextrose 5% in NaCl)
D5 in LR (Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringers)
D5 in 1/2 NS (Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl)
TPN
PRC (packed red blood cells)
Albumin 25%
What are the cautions with administering hypotonic solutions in regards to tonicity? -
answerCaution: Pt's should be assessed for CVA, Head trauma, IICP, or pt's with low
BP before receiving this solution
What are the cautions with administrating hypertonic solutions in regards to tonicity? -
answerCaution: High BP, Heart or kidney failure/disease could cause fluid overload with
this solution
What is a hypertonic solution? - answerSolute concentration is greater than that inside
the cell. Cell loses water which will move into the vessel and the cell SHRINKS.
, How do you calculate ml/hr? - answerYou multiply the given ml and divide it by the hour
given.
What is the normal BUN value? - answer10-20
What is the normal potassium level? - answer3.5-5
What is the normal pH of blood? - answer7.35-7.45
What is the normal sodium level? - answer135-145
What is the normal calcium level? - answer9-11
(8-10.5)
What is the normal WBC count? - answer5,000-10,000
What is the normal creatinine level? - answer0.6-1.2
What is the normal phosphorus level? - answer3-4.5
What is the normal HCO3 level? - answer22-26
What is the normal PCO2 level? - answer35-45
Thirst - answerIs the earliest symptom of hemorrhage and is often present before other
sign of blood loss.
1 kg = - answer1000ml
1 pound = - answer500 ml
Fluid Volume Excess (FVE) - answerAbnormal retention of fluids and electrolytes. Too
much water in not enough out. Hypervolemia .
S/S of FVE - answer-high HR; bounding pulse
-high BP
-Increased wt
-edema
-JVD
-SOB/Crackles
-pink frothy sputum
-change in LOC
-diluted/ sediment urine
-low SPO2/ fast resp
Causes of FVE - answer-Renal disease/failure
