UNDERSTANDING MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING, CHAPTER 6 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE

UNDERSTANDING MEDICAL SURGICAL
NURSING, CHAPTER 6 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS.


Interstitial fluid - ANSWER: The fluid is the water that surrounds the body' s cells and
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includes lymph.
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Intravascular fluid, or blood plasma - ANSWER: The fluid within arteries, veins, and
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capillaries.
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Transcellular fluids - ANSWER: These fluids are those in specific compartments of the
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body, such as cerebrospinal fluid, digestive juices, and synovial fluid in joints.
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Osmolarity - ANSWER: This term refers to the concentration of the substances in body
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fluids.
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Between 270 and 300 milliosmoles per liter (mOsm/L). - ANSWER: The normal
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osmolarity of blood is between:
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Hypovolemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when the patient is hemorrhaging or
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when fluids from other parts of the body are lost. For example, severe vomiting and
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diarrhea, severely draining wounds, and profuse diaphoresis (sweating) can cause
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dehydration.
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Hypovolemia - ANSWER: The most common form of dehydration results from loss of
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fluid from the body, resulting in decreased blood volume is
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Hypervolemia - ANSWER: The most common result of fluid excess is
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______________ in which there is excess fluid in the intravascular space.
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Hyponatremia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a low serum sodium
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level?
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Hypernatremia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a high serum sodium
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level?
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Hypokalemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a inadequate intake of
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Potassium deficit.
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, Hypocalcemia - ANSWER: The patient with inadequate absorption of calcium from the
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intestines, as seen in patients with Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel
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disease. In- sufficient intake of vitamin D prevents calcium absorption as well causes?
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To test for Trousseau's sign, a patient with hypocalcemia. - ANSWER: By inflating a
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blood pressure cuff around the patient's upper arm for 1 to 4 minutes. The hand and
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fingers become spastic and go into palmar flexion
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Hyperkalemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is potassium excess?
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Hypocalcemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a calcium deficit?
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Hypercalcemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a calcium excess?
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Pulmonary edema - ANSWER: The fluid then backs up into the lungs, causing a
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condition known as:
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1.5 grams daily - ANSWER: The adequate intake (AI) of sodium is for adults through
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age 49 •
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1.3 grams daily - ANSWER: The adequate intake (AI) of sodium for those adults aged
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50 to 70 •
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1.2 grams daily - ANSWER: The adequate intake (AI) of sodium for adults aged 71
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and older
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2.3 grams daily - ANSWER: The upper tolerable intake level (UL) for sodium which is
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contained in slightly more than a teaspoon of salt.
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Hypercalcemia Signs and Symptoms - ANSWER: Ca++ >11 mg/dL or 5.5 mEq/L,
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Increased Heart Rate and Blood Pressure,
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Skeletal Muscle Weakness, vv vv



Decreased GI Motility. vv vv




Hypomagnesemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a magnesium vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv



deficit.
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Hypermagnesemia - ANSWER: This condition occurs when there is a magnesium vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv



excess.
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Hypomagnesemia Signs and Symptoms - ANSWER: Mg++ <1.5 mEq/L, vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv



Positive Trousseau's Sign, vv vv



Positive Chvostek's Sign, vv vv



Cardiac Dysrhythmia and Arrest.
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Hypermagnesemia Signs and Symptoms - ANSWER: Mg++ >2.5 mEq/L, vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv