QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Frustration aggression hypothesis - ✔✔When we have a blocked goal or experience
unpleasant things, we may become aggressive. Verbal or physical.
✔✔Relative deprivation - ✔✔We feel entitled to certain things because others have
them. Example: smart phones, designer clothes
✔✔Attraction - ✔✔Things that fuel attraction. Proximity. Being close. Physical
attractiveness. Similarities.
✔✔Romantic love - ✔✔Love starts out as being passionate. This is physical and may be
short lived. Companionate Love is deep and affectionate attachment. Long lasting.
✔✔Altruism - ✔✔Helping others without anything in return.
✔✔Bystander affect - ✔✔We are less likely to help someone who is in danger when
there are others around. Kitty Genovese.
✔✔Order for memory processing - ✔✔Encoding, storage, and retrieval
✔✔Example of explicit memory - ✔✔Studying for an exam.
✔✔Memory - ✔✔Encoding, storing, and retrieving information. Measured by recall,
recognition, and relearning.
✔✔Sensory memory - ✔✔Lasts approx 2 seconds. Iconic-picture or echoic-sound.
✔✔Short term memory - ✔✔7 +/- 2 items as long as we are rehearsing them. Phone
numbers. Grocery list. Like the computer desktop.
✔✔Long term memory - ✔✔Limitless and permanent. Like a hard drive.
✔✔Working memory - ✔✔Mental workspace. Correlated with verbal intelligence and
reading comprehension.
✔✔Explicit memory - ✔✔Declarative memory. Able to declare these memories. Involves
effort processing and conscious awareness.
✔✔Implicit memory - ✔✔Nondeclarative memory. Involves automatic processing but not
conscious awareness. Reading even when letters are missing. Habits. Procedural
memories. It's just like riding a bicycle.
, ✔✔Encoding - chunking - ✔✔Breaking material down into chunks or sections to make it
easier to remember. Phone numbers and social security numbers are chunked.
✔✔Encoding - mnemonics - ✔✔Memory aids that typically use visual imagery to
increase retention. Example: acronyms.
✔✔Distributed practice - ✔✔Space out study materials over time. Long term retention.
✔✔Massed practice - ✔✔Cramming information into your head over a short amount of
time. Not good for long term.
✔✔Testing effect - ✔✔Test yourself while studying rather than just reading the material.
This will help with retrieval.
✔✔Context dependent learning - ✔✔Context during study should be the same as when
you test.
✔✔State dependent learning - ✔✔Same mental state during study and testing.
✔✔Flashbulb memory - ✔✔Events that are salient and typically include a strong
emotional component.
✔✔Serial-position effect - ✔✔You remember items at the beginning (primacy) and the
end (recency) better than the ones in the middle.
✔✔Anterograde amnesia - ✔✔Inability to recall new information. Can not form new
memories. 50 first dates. Usually caused by trauma. Can't recall after the trauma.
✔✔Retrograde amnesia - ✔✔Inability to recall old information. Can't remember what
occurred before the trauma.
✔✔Proactive interference - ✔✔You can't teach old dogs new tricks. You try to learn
something new but keep going back to the old information. Example: change your
password but then put it the old password.
✔✔Retroactive interference - ✔✔Converted to new information. You master the new
info and then you can't remember any of the old information anymore. Can't remember
old addresses or phone numbers.
✔✔Intelligence - ✔✔the ability to learn from experience, to use information, to
understand things, solve problems and be adaptable.
✔✔Achievement tests - ✔✔Measures knowledge you have. K-12 tests