Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Directly visualizes the entire colon up to ileocolic valve with flexible fiberoptic scope. Used to diagnose
or detect inflammatory bowel disease, polyps, tumors, and diverticulosis and dilate strictures. Allows for
biopsy and removal of polyps. - ANSWER colonoscopy
directly visualizes mucosal lining of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with flexible endoscope.
Detects inflammation, ulcerations, tumors, varices. Biopsies may be taken. - ANSWER
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Removal of liver tissue for the purpose of analysis under a microscope is - ANSWER Liver biopsy
a hollow needle is used to remove a core of tissue for examination - ANSWER Needle biopsy
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Normal range: - ANSWER 4-36 U/L
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) normal range: - ANSWER 30-120 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) normal range: - ANSWER 0-35 U/L
-It is important to assess for the presence of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea,
constipation, abdominal distention, jaundice, anemia, heartburn, dyspepsia, changes in appetite,
hematemesis, food intolerance or allergies, excessive gas, bloating, melena, hemorrhoids, or rectal
bleeding.
-Ask the patient about (1) history or existence of diseases such as gastritis, liver disease, colitis,
gallbladder disease, pancreatic disease, peptic ulcer, cancer, or hernias; (2) weight history; (3) past and
current use of medications, including herbal products; and (4) prior hospitalizations for GI problems. -
ANSWER Gastrointestinal assessment
,Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Inspect the lips for symmetry, color, and size. Observe the lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa for lesions
and patchy pigmentation. Note any distinctive odors. - ANSWER Mouth assessment
Assess the skin for changes (color, texture, scars, striae, dilated veins, rashes, lesions), symmetry,
contour, observable masses, and movement. - ANSWER Abdomen assessment
done to obtain tissue for diagnosing cancer and staging of fibrosis. - ANSWER Liver biopsy
reflect hepatic disease and function. - ANSWER Liver function tests
sum of processes by which one takes in and uses nutrients. important for energy, growth, and
maintenance and repair of body tissues - ANSWER Nutrition
carbohydrates, fats, proteins - ANSWER macronutrients
Vitamins, minerals, electrolytes - ANSWER micronutrients
eat plant food and may include dairy - ANSWER Lacto-ovo-vegetarians
can have vitamin or protein deficiencies without a well-planned diet. - ANSWER Vegetarians
must supplement with cobalamin (vitamin B12). - ANSWER Vegans
a deficit, excess, or imbalance of the essential components of a balanced diet. - ANSWER Malnutrition
occurs when nutritional reserves are depleted, and nutrient and energy intake are not sufficient to meet
daily needs or added metabolic stress. - ANSWER Undernutrition
,Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
refers to the ingestion of more food than is required for body needs, as in obesity - ANSWER
Overnutrition
Three causes of adult malnutrition are - ANSWER starvation-related malnutrition, chronic disease
related malnutrition, and acute disease or injury related-malnutrition.
Many factors contribute to the development of _________ , including socioeconomic status, cultural
influences, psychologic disorders, medical conditions, and food-drug interactions. - ANSWER
Malnutrition
a common consequence of illness, injury, surgery, and hospitalization - ANSWER malnutrition
the impaired absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. • Inflammation affects nutrient
metabolism and is an important part of nutritional status. - ANSWER Malabsorption syndrome
affects body composition and functional status. • Manifestations of _________ range from mild (e.g.,
excessively dry skin, rashes, hair loss) to emaciation and death. - ANSWER malnutrition
The Joint Commission requires nutrition screening for all patients within ____ hours of admission. If the
nutrition screening identifies an at-risk patient, a full nutritional assessment and referral to a dietitian is
indicated - ANSWER 24
__________ is diagnosed by changes in body composition, including weight loss, functional
measurements (e.g., handgrip strength), and laboratory studies, including serum protein and electrolyte
levels, used in conjunction with the physical examination. - ANSWER Malnutrition
_________ _________ and midarm circumference may be used to assess nutritional status in some
settings. - ANSWER Skinfold thickness
Nursing Dx for:
impaired nutritional status, impaired nutritional intake, fluid imbalance, and risk for impaired tissue
integrity. - ANSWER Imbalanced nutrition
, Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Overall goals for a patient with ___________ are that the patient will achieve an ideal body weight,
consume a specified number of calories, and have no adverse consequences. - ANSWER malnutrition
-chronic alcohol use
-decreased mobility that limits access to food
-dementia
-depression
-drugs with antinutrient or catabolic properties
-excessive dieting to lose weight
-need for increased nutrients because of hypometabolism or stress (injury, infection, fever)
-NPO, IV for 5-10 days
-Malabsorption, dialysis, diarrhea, or wounds
-swallowing disorders - ANSWER Conditions that increase risk for malnutrition
Who is at a higher risk for malnutrition in the population? - ANSWER Older adult
______ hospitalized adults with malnutrition are more likely to have poor wound healing, pressure
injuries, infections, decreased muscle strength, postoperative complications, and increased morbidity
and mortality. - ANSWER older
_________ ________ _________ __________ include dietary, economic, psychosocial, and physiologic
factors. - ANSWER Risk factors for malnutrition
High-calorie, high-protein oral supplements may be used in a patient who is nutritionally deficient. • If
oral supplementation is not adequate, further nutritional support may be needed. - ANSWER Oral
feeding
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Directly visualizes the entire colon up to ileocolic valve with flexible fiberoptic scope. Used to diagnose
or detect inflammatory bowel disease, polyps, tumors, and diverticulosis and dilate strictures. Allows for
biopsy and removal of polyps. - ANSWER colonoscopy
directly visualizes mucosal lining of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with flexible endoscope.
Detects inflammation, ulcerations, tumors, varices. Biopsies may be taken. - ANSWER
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
Removal of liver tissue for the purpose of analysis under a microscope is - ANSWER Liver biopsy
a hollow needle is used to remove a core of tissue for examination - ANSWER Needle biopsy
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Normal range: - ANSWER 4-36 U/L
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) normal range: - ANSWER 30-120 U/L
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) normal range: - ANSWER 0-35 U/L
-It is important to assess for the presence of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea,
constipation, abdominal distention, jaundice, anemia, heartburn, dyspepsia, changes in appetite,
hematemesis, food intolerance or allergies, excessive gas, bloating, melena, hemorrhoids, or rectal
bleeding.
-Ask the patient about (1) history or existence of diseases such as gastritis, liver disease, colitis,
gallbladder disease, pancreatic disease, peptic ulcer, cancer, or hernias; (2) weight history; (3) past and
current use of medications, including herbal products; and (4) prior hospitalizations for GI problems. -
ANSWER Gastrointestinal assessment
,Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Inspect the lips for symmetry, color, and size. Observe the lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa for lesions
and patchy pigmentation. Note any distinctive odors. - ANSWER Mouth assessment
Assess the skin for changes (color, texture, scars, striae, dilated veins, rashes, lesions), symmetry,
contour, observable masses, and movement. - ANSWER Abdomen assessment
done to obtain tissue for diagnosing cancer and staging of fibrosis. - ANSWER Liver biopsy
reflect hepatic disease and function. - ANSWER Liver function tests
sum of processes by which one takes in and uses nutrients. important for energy, growth, and
maintenance and repair of body tissues - ANSWER Nutrition
carbohydrates, fats, proteins - ANSWER macronutrients
Vitamins, minerals, electrolytes - ANSWER micronutrients
eat plant food and may include dairy - ANSWER Lacto-ovo-vegetarians
can have vitamin or protein deficiencies without a well-planned diet. - ANSWER Vegetarians
must supplement with cobalamin (vitamin B12). - ANSWER Vegans
a deficit, excess, or imbalance of the essential components of a balanced diet. - ANSWER Malnutrition
occurs when nutritional reserves are depleted, and nutrient and energy intake are not sufficient to meet
daily needs or added metabolic stress. - ANSWER Undernutrition
,Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
refers to the ingestion of more food than is required for body needs, as in obesity - ANSWER
Overnutrition
Three causes of adult malnutrition are - ANSWER starvation-related malnutrition, chronic disease
related malnutrition, and acute disease or injury related-malnutrition.
Many factors contribute to the development of _________ , including socioeconomic status, cultural
influences, psychologic disorders, medical conditions, and food-drug interactions. - ANSWER
Malnutrition
a common consequence of illness, injury, surgery, and hospitalization - ANSWER malnutrition
the impaired absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. • Inflammation affects nutrient
metabolism and is an important part of nutritional status. - ANSWER Malabsorption syndrome
affects body composition and functional status. • Manifestations of _________ range from mild (e.g.,
excessively dry skin, rashes, hair loss) to emaciation and death. - ANSWER malnutrition
The Joint Commission requires nutrition screening for all patients within ____ hours of admission. If the
nutrition screening identifies an at-risk patient, a full nutritional assessment and referral to a dietitian is
indicated - ANSWER 24
__________ is diagnosed by changes in body composition, including weight loss, functional
measurements (e.g., handgrip strength), and laboratory studies, including serum protein and electrolyte
levels, used in conjunction with the physical examination. - ANSWER Malnutrition
_________ _________ and midarm circumference may be used to assess nutritional status in some
settings. - ANSWER Skinfold thickness
Nursing Dx for:
impaired nutritional status, impaired nutritional intake, fluid imbalance, and risk for impaired tissue
integrity. - ANSWER Imbalanced nutrition
, Nursing 169: Exam 1 with 351 DETAILED
Solutions 100 % Complete.
Overall goals for a patient with ___________ are that the patient will achieve an ideal body weight,
consume a specified number of calories, and have no adverse consequences. - ANSWER malnutrition
-chronic alcohol use
-decreased mobility that limits access to food
-dementia
-depression
-drugs with antinutrient or catabolic properties
-excessive dieting to lose weight
-need for increased nutrients because of hypometabolism or stress (injury, infection, fever)
-NPO, IV for 5-10 days
-Malabsorption, dialysis, diarrhea, or wounds
-swallowing disorders - ANSWER Conditions that increase risk for malnutrition
Who is at a higher risk for malnutrition in the population? - ANSWER Older adult
______ hospitalized adults with malnutrition are more likely to have poor wound healing, pressure
injuries, infections, decreased muscle strength, postoperative complications, and increased morbidity
and mortality. - ANSWER older
_________ ________ _________ __________ include dietary, economic, psychosocial, and physiologic
factors. - ANSWER Risk factors for malnutrition
High-calorie, high-protein oral supplements may be used in a patient who is nutritionally deficient. • If
oral supplementation is not adequate, further nutritional support may be needed. - ANSWER Oral
feeding
