NPTE – Cardiopulmonary: Questions With Accurate
Answers
Normal end-systolic volume is... Right Ans - 50mL
Normal end-diastolic volume is... Right Ans - 120mL
Do the SA and AV node have sympathetic or parasympathetic innervation?
Right Ans - both
Normal SV is... Right Ans - 55-100mL/beat
Normal CO is... Right Ans - 4-5L/min
Cardiac index is CO per what? What is normal Cardiac Index? Right Ans -
body surface area
3L/min
Ejection fraction can be related to the function of what? Right Ans - LV
How is EF calculated? Right Ans - SV/LVEDV
Parasympathetic stimulation causes coronary artery
(vasodilation/vasoconstriction). Right Ans - vasoconstriction (slows rate
and force of myocardial contraction)
The skin and peripheral vasculature are under
(sympathetic/parasympathetic) control. Right Ans - sympathetic (no
parasympathetic means vasodilation is initiated by sympathetic inhibition)
Skin and peripheral vasodilation occurs via what? Right Ans - sympathetic
inhibition
Where are baroreceptors located? Right Ans - aortic arch and carotid sinus
Increased BP causes what type of autonomic response? Right Ans -
increased parasympathetic stimulation
, What affect does hyperkalemia have on the heart? Right Ans - decreases
HR and force of contraction (widened PR interval and QRS, tall T waves)
What affect does hypokalemia have on the heart? Right Ans - arrhythmias -
> v-fib (prolonged PR and QRS-T intervals, flat T waves
What affect does hypercalcemia have on the heart? Right Ans - increases
What affect does hypocalcemia have on the heart Right Ans - depresses
The apical pulse is found where? Right Ans - 5th intercostal space
What is a normal peripheral pulse graded as? Right Ans - 2+ (same as
reflexes)
S1 is due to what? What does this sound mark? Right Ans - closing of AV
valves
beginning of ventricular systole
S2 is due to what? what does this sound mark? Right Ans - closing of
semilunar valves
end of ventricular systole
S3 is associated with what? Right Ans - LV heart failure
S4 is associated with what? Right Ans - pathology - CAD, MI, aortic stenosis,
HTN
What do beta-blockers do to HR? Right Ans - decrease
What does nitroglycerine do to HR? Right Ans - increases
What value is prehypertensive? Right Ans - 130/89
What value of HTN is:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3 Right Ans - 140/100
160/110
Answers
Normal end-systolic volume is... Right Ans - 50mL
Normal end-diastolic volume is... Right Ans - 120mL
Do the SA and AV node have sympathetic or parasympathetic innervation?
Right Ans - both
Normal SV is... Right Ans - 55-100mL/beat
Normal CO is... Right Ans - 4-5L/min
Cardiac index is CO per what? What is normal Cardiac Index? Right Ans -
body surface area
3L/min
Ejection fraction can be related to the function of what? Right Ans - LV
How is EF calculated? Right Ans - SV/LVEDV
Parasympathetic stimulation causes coronary artery
(vasodilation/vasoconstriction). Right Ans - vasoconstriction (slows rate
and force of myocardial contraction)
The skin and peripheral vasculature are under
(sympathetic/parasympathetic) control. Right Ans - sympathetic (no
parasympathetic means vasodilation is initiated by sympathetic inhibition)
Skin and peripheral vasodilation occurs via what? Right Ans - sympathetic
inhibition
Where are baroreceptors located? Right Ans - aortic arch and carotid sinus
Increased BP causes what type of autonomic response? Right Ans -
increased parasympathetic stimulation
, What affect does hyperkalemia have on the heart? Right Ans - decreases
HR and force of contraction (widened PR interval and QRS, tall T waves)
What affect does hypokalemia have on the heart? Right Ans - arrhythmias -
> v-fib (prolonged PR and QRS-T intervals, flat T waves
What affect does hypercalcemia have on the heart? Right Ans - increases
What affect does hypocalcemia have on the heart Right Ans - depresses
The apical pulse is found where? Right Ans - 5th intercostal space
What is a normal peripheral pulse graded as? Right Ans - 2+ (same as
reflexes)
S1 is due to what? What does this sound mark? Right Ans - closing of AV
valves
beginning of ventricular systole
S2 is due to what? what does this sound mark? Right Ans - closing of
semilunar valves
end of ventricular systole
S3 is associated with what? Right Ans - LV heart failure
S4 is associated with what? Right Ans - pathology - CAD, MI, aortic stenosis,
HTN
What do beta-blockers do to HR? Right Ans - decrease
What does nitroglycerine do to HR? Right Ans - increases
What value is prehypertensive? Right Ans - 130/89
What value of HTN is:
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3 Right Ans - 140/100
160/110
