-PHARMACOLOGY III (NURB 385)
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE DRAFT,
COMPLEX TRANSITION NURSE CARE
(NURB 390) EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
DRAFT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(RATED A+)
na+ channel blockers ( procainamide, lidocaine)
-Beta blockers (esmolol, sotalol HCl)
-Prolong repolarization (adenosine, amiodarone)
-Ca+ channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem) - ANSWERWhat are the 4 classes of
antidysrhythmics?
Block Na+ influx into cardiac cells to decrease conduction velocity (speed), suppress
automaticity, and increase repolarization - ANSWERWhat is the mechanism of
action of Na+ channel blockers (includes procainamide and lidocaine)?
Used for v-tach - ANSWERWhat is procainamide HCl used for?
Used for ventricular dysrhythmias (v-tach, pulseless v-tach, and v-fib) -
ANSWERWhat is lidocaine used for?
-Seizures
-Blurred vision
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Confusion - ANSWERWhat are s/s of lidocaine toxicity?
-HTN
-HF
-MI
-Some may be used for dysrhythmias (such as esmolol and sotalol HCl) -
ANSWERWhat are beta blockers used for?
for a-flutter, a-fib, and v-tach (blocks both beta 1 and beta 2) - ANSWERWhat is
sotalol HCl used for?
-Decreased HR
-HF
-Fatigue
,-Dyspnea (beta 2 causes bronchodilation, which sotalol inhibits) - ANSWERWhat are
side effects of sotalol HCl?
-Increase refractory period (rest time) and prolong action potential
-Used for emergency management of ventricular dysrhythmias - ANSWERWhat is
the mechanism of action of antidysrhythmic meds that prolong repolarization (such
as adenosine and amiodarone)?
Used for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - ANSWERWhat is adenosine used for?
Have the crash cart available since adenosine causes temporary asystole -
ANSWERWhat should the nurse do before administering adenosine?
-V-tach
-Chest pain
-Flushing
-Hypotension - ANSWERWhat are side effects of adenosine?
Used for v-tach, v-fib, and a-fib - ANSWERWhat is amiodarone used for?
-ARDS
-Pulmonary fibrosis
-Pulmonary toxicity
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Photosensitivity - ANSWERWhat are side effects of amiodarone?
-Crackles
-Friction rub
-Dyspnea
-Pleuritic pain
-Hypoxia - ANSWERWhat should the nurse monitor patients on amiodarone for?
Chest x-ray - ANSWERWhat diagnostic is important for the nurse to check for
patients receiving amiodarone?
-HTN
-Angina
-Certain ones can be used for dysrhythmias (such as verapamil and diltiazem) -
ANSWERWhat are various uses of Ca+ channel blockers?
Monitor for decreased HR and decreased BP - ANSWERWhat should the nurse
monitor for patients receiving Ca+ channel blockers?
Watch for decreased HR and decreased BP - ANSWERWhat should the nurse
always watch for when a patient is on a beta blocker?
Rebound hypertension - ANSWERWhat may happen if a nurse abruptly discontinues
beta blockers?
Used for atrial flutter and a-fib (blocks beta 1) - ANSWERWhat is esmolol used for?
, -Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Fatigue
-Weakness - ANSWERWhat are side effects of esmolol?
Used
Verapamil HCl is used for SVT, a-fib, and a-flutter - ANSWERWhat is verapamil HCl
used for?
-Edema
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Orthostatic hypotension
-HF
-Fatigue - ANSWERWhat are side effects of verapamil HCl?
Diltiazem (Cardizem) is used for SVT, a-fib, and a-flutter - ANSWERWhat is
diltiazem (Cardizem) used for?
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Fatigue
-Edema
-HF - ANSWERWhat are side effects of diltiazem (Cardizem)?
Decreases HR and increases contractility - ANSWERWhat impact does digoxin have
on the heart?
A-fib - ANSWERWhat dysrhythmia is digoxin used for?
-Bradycardia
-Anorexia
-Diarrhea
-Visual changes ("halos" around objects)
-Confusion
-Headache
-Malaise
-PVCs - ANSWERWhat are s/s of digoxin toxicity?
-Hold the medication
-Check the digoxin levels (2 is too much)
-Give the antidote (digoxin immune fab) - ANSWERWhat are interventions for if a
patient starts to exhibit s/s of digoxin toxicity?
Used to decrease risk of PE and stroke with a-fib - ANSWERWhat is warfarin
(Coumadin) used for in regards to dysrhythmias?
PO only to target INR of 2-3 - ANSWERWhat form is warfarin (Coumadin) available
in?
EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE DRAFT,
COMPLEX TRANSITION NURSE CARE
(NURB 390) EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE
DRAFT QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
(RATED A+)
na+ channel blockers ( procainamide, lidocaine)
-Beta blockers (esmolol, sotalol HCl)
-Prolong repolarization (adenosine, amiodarone)
-Ca+ channel blockers (verapamil, diltiazem) - ANSWERWhat are the 4 classes of
antidysrhythmics?
Block Na+ influx into cardiac cells to decrease conduction velocity (speed), suppress
automaticity, and increase repolarization - ANSWERWhat is the mechanism of
action of Na+ channel blockers (includes procainamide and lidocaine)?
Used for v-tach - ANSWERWhat is procainamide HCl used for?
Used for ventricular dysrhythmias (v-tach, pulseless v-tach, and v-fib) -
ANSWERWhat is lidocaine used for?
-Seizures
-Blurred vision
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Confusion - ANSWERWhat are s/s of lidocaine toxicity?
-HTN
-HF
-MI
-Some may be used for dysrhythmias (such as esmolol and sotalol HCl) -
ANSWERWhat are beta blockers used for?
for a-flutter, a-fib, and v-tach (blocks both beta 1 and beta 2) - ANSWERWhat is
sotalol HCl used for?
-Decreased HR
-HF
-Fatigue
,-Dyspnea (beta 2 causes bronchodilation, which sotalol inhibits) - ANSWERWhat are
side effects of sotalol HCl?
-Increase refractory period (rest time) and prolong action potential
-Used for emergency management of ventricular dysrhythmias - ANSWERWhat is
the mechanism of action of antidysrhythmic meds that prolong repolarization (such
as adenosine and amiodarone)?
Used for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) - ANSWERWhat is adenosine used for?
Have the crash cart available since adenosine causes temporary asystole -
ANSWERWhat should the nurse do before administering adenosine?
-V-tach
-Chest pain
-Flushing
-Hypotension - ANSWERWhat are side effects of adenosine?
Used for v-tach, v-fib, and a-fib - ANSWERWhat is amiodarone used for?
-ARDS
-Pulmonary fibrosis
-Pulmonary toxicity
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Photosensitivity - ANSWERWhat are side effects of amiodarone?
-Crackles
-Friction rub
-Dyspnea
-Pleuritic pain
-Hypoxia - ANSWERWhat should the nurse monitor patients on amiodarone for?
Chest x-ray - ANSWERWhat diagnostic is important for the nurse to check for
patients receiving amiodarone?
-HTN
-Angina
-Certain ones can be used for dysrhythmias (such as verapamil and diltiazem) -
ANSWERWhat are various uses of Ca+ channel blockers?
Monitor for decreased HR and decreased BP - ANSWERWhat should the nurse
monitor for patients receiving Ca+ channel blockers?
Watch for decreased HR and decreased BP - ANSWERWhat should the nurse
always watch for when a patient is on a beta blocker?
Rebound hypertension - ANSWERWhat may happen if a nurse abruptly discontinues
beta blockers?
Used for atrial flutter and a-fib (blocks beta 1) - ANSWERWhat is esmolol used for?
, -Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Fatigue
-Weakness - ANSWERWhat are side effects of esmolol?
Used
Verapamil HCl is used for SVT, a-fib, and a-flutter - ANSWERWhat is verapamil HCl
used for?
-Edema
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Orthostatic hypotension
-HF
-Fatigue - ANSWERWhat are side effects of verapamil HCl?
Diltiazem (Cardizem) is used for SVT, a-fib, and a-flutter - ANSWERWhat is
diltiazem (Cardizem) used for?
-Decreased HR
-Decreased BP
-Fatigue
-Edema
-HF - ANSWERWhat are side effects of diltiazem (Cardizem)?
Decreases HR and increases contractility - ANSWERWhat impact does digoxin have
on the heart?
A-fib - ANSWERWhat dysrhythmia is digoxin used for?
-Bradycardia
-Anorexia
-Diarrhea
-Visual changes ("halos" around objects)
-Confusion
-Headache
-Malaise
-PVCs - ANSWERWhat are s/s of digoxin toxicity?
-Hold the medication
-Check the digoxin levels (2 is too much)
-Give the antidote (digoxin immune fab) - ANSWERWhat are interventions for if a
patient starts to exhibit s/s of digoxin toxicity?
Used to decrease risk of PE and stroke with a-fib - ANSWERWhat is warfarin
(Coumadin) used for in regards to dysrhythmias?
PO only to target INR of 2-3 - ANSWERWhat form is warfarin (Coumadin) available
in?
