ATI DIABETES MELLITUS EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AN
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DANSWERS (VERIFIEDANSWERS) LATEST EXAM2024/
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2025
When instructing a patient regarding a urine study for free cortisol, it is mostimportant f
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or the nurse to tell the patient to
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A. Save the first voided urine in the am. l l l l l l l
B. Maintain a high-sodium diet 3 days before collection. l l l l l l l
C. Try to avoid stressful situations during the collection period.
l l l l l l l l
D. Complete at least 30 minutes of strenuous exercise before collecting the urinesam
l l l l l l l l l l l l
ple. - l
CORRECT ANSWER C. Try to avoid stressful situations during the collection peri
l l l l l l l l l l l l
od.
A urine study for free cortisol requires a 24-
l l l l l l l l
hour urine collection. The patient should be instructed to avoid stressful situations and
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
excessive physical exercise that could unduly increase cortisol levels. The patient shou
l l l l l l l l l l l
ld also maintain a low-sodium diet before and during the urine collection period.
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
Which of the following assessment parameters is of highest priority when caringfor a pa
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
tient undergoing a water deprivation test?
l l l l l
A. Serum glucose l
B. Patient weight l
C. Arterial blood gases l l
D. Patient temperature - CORRECTANSWER B. Patient weight l l l l l l l
A patient is at risk for severe dehydration during a water deprivation test. The testshould
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
be discontinued and the patient rehydrated if the patient's weight drops
l l l l l l l l l l l
,more than 2 kg at any time. The other assessment parameters do not assess fluidbalance.
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
A patient has sought care because of a loss of 25 lb over the past 6 months, duringwhich t
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
he patient claims to have made no significant dietary changes. The nurse should assess t
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he patient for potential
l l l
A. Thyroid disorders. l
B. Diabetes insipidus. l
C. Pituitary dysfunction. l
D. Parathyroid dysfunction. - CORRECTANSWER A. Thyroid disorders. l l l l l l l
Hyperthyroidism is associated with weight loss. Alterations in pituitary function,such l l l l l l l l l l l
as diabetes insipidus, and parathyroid dysfunction are not commonly
l l l l l l l l
associated with this phenomenon. l l l
The surgeon was unable to save a patient's parathyroid gland during a radical thyroidec
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
tomy. The nurse should consequently pay particular attention to which ofthe following
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
components of the patient's laboratory values? l l l l l
A. Calcium levels l
B. Potassium levels l
C. Blood glucose levels l l
D. Sodium and chloride levels - CORRECTANSWER A. Calcium levels
l l l l l l l l l
The parathyroid gland plays a key role in maintaining calcium levels. Potassium,sodiu
l l l l l l l l l l l l
m, glucose, and chloride are not directly influenced by the loss of the
l l l l l l l l l l l l
parathyroid gland. l
A patient's recent medical history is indicative of diabetes insipidus. The nurse would p
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
erform patient education related to which of the following diagnostic tests?
l l l l l l l l l l
,A. Thyroid scan l
B. Fasting glucose test l l
C. Oral glucose tolerance l l
D. Water deprivation test - CORRECTANSWER D. Water deprivation test
l l l l l l l l l
A water deprivation test is used to diagnose the polyuria that accompanies diabetesinsi
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
pidus. Glucose tests and thyroid tests are not directly related to the diagnosis ofdiabetes
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
insipidus.
A 54-year-
l
old patient admitted with type 2 diabetes, asks the nurse what "type 2"means. Which o
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
f the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
l l l l l l l l l l
A. "With type 2 diabetes, the body of the pancreas becomes inflamed."
l l l l l l l l l l
B. "With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased and insulin resistance isincr
l l l l l l l l l l l l
eased."
C. "With type 2 diabetes, the patient is totally dependent on an outside source ofinsul
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
in."
D. "With type 2 diabetes, the body produces autoantibodies that destroy b-
l l l l l l l l l l
cells in the pancreas." -
l l l l
CORRECT ANSWER B. "With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretionis decreased and ins
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
ulin resistance is increased."
l l l
In type 2 diabetes mellitus, the secretion of insulin by the pancreas is reducedand/or the
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
cells of the body become resistant to insulin.
l l l l l l l
The nurse caring for a 54-year-
l l l l l
old patient hospitalized with diabetes mellitus would look for which of the following la
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
boratory test results to obtain informationon the patient's past glucose control?
l l l l l l l l l l l
A. Prealbumin level l
B. Urine ketone level l l
C. Fasting glucose level l l
, D. Glycosylated hemoglobin level - l l l
CORRECT ANSWER D. Glycosylatedhemoglobin level
l l l l l l
A glycosylated hemoglobin level detects the amount of glucose that is bound to redbloo
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
d cells (RBCs). When circulating glucose levels are high, glucose attaches to the RBCs a
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
nd remains there for the life of the blood cell, which is approximately 120 days. Thus the
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
test can give an indication of glycemic control over
l l l l l l l l
approximately 2 to 3 months. l l l l
The nurse has been teaching a patient with diabetes how to perform self-
l l l l l l l l l l l l
monitoring of blood glucose. During evaluation of the patient's technique, the nurse ide
l l l l l l l l l l l l
ntifies a need for additional teaching when the patient does which of thefollowing?
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
A. Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad l l l l l l l l l l
B. Washes hands with soap and water to cleanse the site to be used
l l l l l l l l l l l l
C. Warms the finger before puncturing to obtain a drop of blood
l l l l l l l l l l
D. Tells the nurse that the result of 120 mg/dl indicates good control of diabetes -
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
CORRECTANSWER A. Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
The patient should select a site on the sides of the fingertips, not on the center of the fing
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
er pad. This area contains many nerve endings and would be unnecessarilypainful.
l l l l l l l l l l l l
The nurse is teaching a 54-year-
l l l l l
old patient with diabetes about proper compositionof the daily diet. The nurse explains t
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
hat the guideline for carbohydrate intake is which of the following?
l l l l l l l l l l
A. 80% of daily intake l l l
B. Minimum of 80 g/day l l l
C. Minimum of 130 g/day l l l
D. Maximum of 130 g/day - CORRECTANSWER C. Minimum of 130 g/day l l l l l l l l l l l
l l l l l l
DANSWERS (VERIFIEDANSWERS) LATEST EXAM2024/
l l l l l l
2025
When instructing a patient regarding a urine study for free cortisol, it is mostimportant f
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
or the nurse to tell the patient to
l l l l l l l
A. Save the first voided urine in the am. l l l l l l l
B. Maintain a high-sodium diet 3 days before collection. l l l l l l l
C. Try to avoid stressful situations during the collection period.
l l l l l l l l
D. Complete at least 30 minutes of strenuous exercise before collecting the urinesam
l l l l l l l l l l l l
ple. - l
CORRECT ANSWER C. Try to avoid stressful situations during the collection peri
l l l l l l l l l l l l
od.
A urine study for free cortisol requires a 24-
l l l l l l l l
hour urine collection. The patient should be instructed to avoid stressful situations and
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
excessive physical exercise that could unduly increase cortisol levels. The patient shou
l l l l l l l l l l l
ld also maintain a low-sodium diet before and during the urine collection period.
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
Which of the following assessment parameters is of highest priority when caringfor a pa
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
tient undergoing a water deprivation test?
l l l l l
A. Serum glucose l
B. Patient weight l
C. Arterial blood gases l l
D. Patient temperature - CORRECTANSWER B. Patient weight l l l l l l l
A patient is at risk for severe dehydration during a water deprivation test. The testshould
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
be discontinued and the patient rehydrated if the patient's weight drops
l l l l l l l l l l l
,more than 2 kg at any time. The other assessment parameters do not assess fluidbalance.
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
A patient has sought care because of a loss of 25 lb over the past 6 months, duringwhich t
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
he patient claims to have made no significant dietary changes. The nurse should assess t
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
he patient for potential
l l l
A. Thyroid disorders. l
B. Diabetes insipidus. l
C. Pituitary dysfunction. l
D. Parathyroid dysfunction. - CORRECTANSWER A. Thyroid disorders. l l l l l l l
Hyperthyroidism is associated with weight loss. Alterations in pituitary function,such l l l l l l l l l l l
as diabetes insipidus, and parathyroid dysfunction are not commonly
l l l l l l l l
associated with this phenomenon. l l l
The surgeon was unable to save a patient's parathyroid gland during a radical thyroidec
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
tomy. The nurse should consequently pay particular attention to which ofthe following
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
components of the patient's laboratory values? l l l l l
A. Calcium levels l
B. Potassium levels l
C. Blood glucose levels l l
D. Sodium and chloride levels - CORRECTANSWER A. Calcium levels
l l l l l l l l l
The parathyroid gland plays a key role in maintaining calcium levels. Potassium,sodiu
l l l l l l l l l l l l
m, glucose, and chloride are not directly influenced by the loss of the
l l l l l l l l l l l l
parathyroid gland. l
A patient's recent medical history is indicative of diabetes insipidus. The nurse would p
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
erform patient education related to which of the following diagnostic tests?
l l l l l l l l l l
,A. Thyroid scan l
B. Fasting glucose test l l
C. Oral glucose tolerance l l
D. Water deprivation test - CORRECTANSWER D. Water deprivation test
l l l l l l l l l
A water deprivation test is used to diagnose the polyuria that accompanies diabetesinsi
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
pidus. Glucose tests and thyroid tests are not directly related to the diagnosis ofdiabetes
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
insipidus.
A 54-year-
l
old patient admitted with type 2 diabetes, asks the nurse what "type 2"means. Which o
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
f the following is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
l l l l l l l l l l
A. "With type 2 diabetes, the body of the pancreas becomes inflamed."
l l l l l l l l l l
B. "With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretion is decreased and insulin resistance isincr
l l l l l l l l l l l l
eased."
C. "With type 2 diabetes, the patient is totally dependent on an outside source ofinsul
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
in."
D. "With type 2 diabetes, the body produces autoantibodies that destroy b-
l l l l l l l l l l
cells in the pancreas." -
l l l l
CORRECT ANSWER B. "With type 2 diabetes, insulin secretionis decreased and ins
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
ulin resistance is increased."
l l l
In type 2 diabetes mellitus, the secretion of insulin by the pancreas is reducedand/or the
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
cells of the body become resistant to insulin.
l l l l l l l
The nurse caring for a 54-year-
l l l l l
old patient hospitalized with diabetes mellitus would look for which of the following la
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
boratory test results to obtain informationon the patient's past glucose control?
l l l l l l l l l l l
A. Prealbumin level l
B. Urine ketone level l l
C. Fasting glucose level l l
, D. Glycosylated hemoglobin level - l l l
CORRECT ANSWER D. Glycosylatedhemoglobin level
l l l l l l
A glycosylated hemoglobin level detects the amount of glucose that is bound to redbloo
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
d cells (RBCs). When circulating glucose levels are high, glucose attaches to the RBCs a
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
nd remains there for the life of the blood cell, which is approximately 120 days. Thus the
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
test can give an indication of glycemic control over
l l l l l l l l
approximately 2 to 3 months. l l l l
The nurse has been teaching a patient with diabetes how to perform self-
l l l l l l l l l l l l
monitoring of blood glucose. During evaluation of the patient's technique, the nurse ide
l l l l l l l l l l l l
ntifies a need for additional teaching when the patient does which of thefollowing?
l l l l l l l l l l l l l
A. Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad l l l l l l l l l l
B. Washes hands with soap and water to cleanse the site to be used
l l l l l l l l l l l l
C. Warms the finger before puncturing to obtain a drop of blood
l l l l l l l l l l
D. Tells the nurse that the result of 120 mg/dl indicates good control of diabetes -
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
CORRECTANSWER A. Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
The patient should select a site on the sides of the fingertips, not on the center of the fing
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
er pad. This area contains many nerve endings and would be unnecessarilypainful.
l l l l l l l l l l l l
The nurse is teaching a 54-year-
l l l l l
old patient with diabetes about proper compositionof the daily diet. The nurse explains t
l l l l l l l l l l l l l l
hat the guideline for carbohydrate intake is which of the following?
l l l l l l l l l l
A. 80% of daily intake l l l
B. Minimum of 80 g/day l l l
C. Minimum of 130 g/day l l l
D. Maximum of 130 g/day - CORRECTANSWER C. Minimum of 130 g/day l l l l l l l l l l l
