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NUR 641E MIDTERM EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM
WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED
VALUE PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Antibodies in newborns - correct answer - -IgG passed to fetus
through placenta in third trimester
-colostrum and breastmilk contain IgA
-passive immunity from mother
-starts making own antibodies (IgM) 3-6 months after birth. There
is a period when maternal antibodies are tapering off and
newborn is only secreting minimal amounts of antibodies at about
3 months.
-IgG levels start to rise again at around 1 year
B cell (maturation) - correct answer - -Directed by bone marrow
sites that harbor stromal cells, which nurture the lymphocyte stem
cells and provide hormonal signals
-Millions of distinct B cells develop and "home" to specific sites in
the lymph nodes, spleen, and GALT
-Come into contact with antigens throughout life
-Have immunoglobulin as surface receptors for antigens
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(types of) T cells - correct answer - Helper T cells (CD4+):
stimulates cytotoxic t cells, B cells, and macrophages to develop
immune response
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+): simulates cell apopotosis
Memory T cells: antigen specific t cells that retain a memory of
prior infections
ABO (compatibility) - correct answer - O is universal donor; AB
universal receiver
respiratory acidosis (causes) - correct answer - • Depression of
the respiratory center.
(1) Head injuries.
(2) Oversedation with sedatives and/or narcotics.
• Conditions affecting pulmonary function.
(1) COPD
(2) Pneumonia.
(3) Atelectasis.
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• Conditions that interfere with chest wall excursion.
(1) Thoracic trauma: flail chest.
(2) Diseases affecting innervation of thoracic muscle (Guillain-
Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polio).
(3) Mechanical hypoventilation.
cytokines (cause fever) - correct answer - These proinflammatory
cytokines reach the CNS where, through induction of central
mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), they are able to
increase the temperature set point and cause fever
-hypothalamus regulates temperature
Asthma - correct answer - -chronic inflammatory disorder of the
bronchial mucosa that causes bronchial hyper-responsiveness,
constriction of the airways, and variable airflow *obstruction* that
is reversible
-chest constriction, expiratory wheezing, dyspnea, nonproductive
coughing, prolonged expiration, tachycardia, an tachypnea,
pulsus paradoxus, respiratory alkalosis, hypoxemia
pulsus paradoxus - correct answer - beats have weaker amplitude
with respiratory inspiration, stronger with expiration
NUR 641E MIDTERM EXAM STUDY
GUIDE 2025| BRAND NEW ACTUAL EXAM
WITH 100% VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT SOLUTIONS| GUARANTEED
VALUE PACK| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Antibodies in newborns - correct answer - -IgG passed to fetus
through placenta in third trimester
-colostrum and breastmilk contain IgA
-passive immunity from mother
-starts making own antibodies (IgM) 3-6 months after birth. There
is a period when maternal antibodies are tapering off and
newborn is only secreting minimal amounts of antibodies at about
3 months.
-IgG levels start to rise again at around 1 year
B cell (maturation) - correct answer - -Directed by bone marrow
sites that harbor stromal cells, which nurture the lymphocyte stem
cells and provide hormonal signals
-Millions of distinct B cells develop and "home" to specific sites in
the lymph nodes, spleen, and GALT
-Come into contact with antigens throughout life
-Have immunoglobulin as surface receptors for antigens
, Page | 2
(types of) T cells - correct answer - Helper T cells (CD4+):
stimulates cytotoxic t cells, B cells, and macrophages to develop
immune response
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+): simulates cell apopotosis
Memory T cells: antigen specific t cells that retain a memory of
prior infections
ABO (compatibility) - correct answer - O is universal donor; AB
universal receiver
respiratory acidosis (causes) - correct answer - • Depression of
the respiratory center.
(1) Head injuries.
(2) Oversedation with sedatives and/or narcotics.
• Conditions affecting pulmonary function.
(1) COPD
(2) Pneumonia.
(3) Atelectasis.
, Page | 3
• Conditions that interfere with chest wall excursion.
(1) Thoracic trauma: flail chest.
(2) Diseases affecting innervation of thoracic muscle (Guillain-
Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polio).
(3) Mechanical hypoventilation.
cytokines (cause fever) - correct answer - These proinflammatory
cytokines reach the CNS where, through induction of central
mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), they are able to
increase the temperature set point and cause fever
-hypothalamus regulates temperature
Asthma - correct answer - -chronic inflammatory disorder of the
bronchial mucosa that causes bronchial hyper-responsiveness,
constriction of the airways, and variable airflow *obstruction* that
is reversible
-chest constriction, expiratory wheezing, dyspnea, nonproductive
coughing, prolonged expiration, tachycardia, an tachypnea,
pulsus paradoxus, respiratory alkalosis, hypoxemia
pulsus paradoxus - correct answer - beats have weaker amplitude
with respiratory inspiration, stronger with expiration
