UTA FOUNDATIONS EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Key Teaching Older adult: UTI - ANSWER-Void at regular intervals and after sexual
intercourse
drink plenty of fluids
use of incontinence pads prn
Key Teaching Older adult: Skin infections - ANSWER-good hygiene practices
apply lotion
assess skin integrity
normal white blood cell count - ANSWER-5,000-10,000
Neutrophils- 60-70%, may be increased due to acute infection and stress, decreased
due to bacterial infection,
Lymphocytes- 20-40%, increased due to chronic bacterial and viral infections
Monocytes- 2-8%, increased due to severe infections (phagocytic)
Eosinophil- 1-4%, increased due to allergic rxn and parasitic infection
Basophil- 0.5-1%, not affected by infections
Signs of systemic infection - ANSWER--fever
-increased pulse and respiratory rate if the fever is high
-malaise and loss of energy
-anorexia and, in some situations, nausea and vomiting
-enlargement and tenderness of lymph nodes that drain the area of infection
medical asepsis - ANSWER-practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to
prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean
technique
surgical asepsis - ANSWER-sterile technique prevents contamination of an open
wound, serves to isolate the operative area from the unsterile environment, and
maintains a sterile field for surgery
Five Moments for Hand Hygiene - ANSWER-1. Before touching a patient
2. Before a clean or aseptic procedure
3. After a body fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Disposal of Soiled items - ANSWER-wrap in plastic bag, put in waterproof container
Use a alcohol based hand rub. - ANSWER-before/after direct contact with patients
When hands are not visibly soiled
After removing gloves
before inserting urinary cat., peripheral vascular cat, or invasive devices
moving from a contaminated body site to a noncontaminated body site.
, not recommended with C.diff (spores)
Alcohol-based hand rub - ANSWER-rubbing hands with alcohol-containing
preparation (1-3 ml) for at least 15 seconds
nosocomial infection - ANSWER-hospital acquired infection
Iatrogenic infection - ANSWER-Type of HAI resulting from a diagnostic or
therapeutic procudure
exogenous infection - ANSWER-infection originating from other people
Majority of HAIs include: - ANSWER-Catheter associated UTI (CAUTI)
Surgical site infection (SSI)
Central line- associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
Anaerobic bacteria - ANSWER-bacteria that do not require oxygen to survive
Organisms Potential to Produce Disease - ANSWER-Number of organisms (the
more the better)
Virulence (ability to produce disease
Competence of person's immune system
Length/intimacy of contact between person and organism (colonization=long contact)
epidemic disease - ANSWER-disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a
short time
endemic disease - ANSWER-disease constantly present in a population, can appear
in different geographic locations
Transmission of causative agent - ANSWER-Direct contact
Indirect contact
Vector- living creature
Fomite- equipment or countertops
Droplet transmission
airborne transmission (less than 5 mcm)
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
E. coli infection - ANSWER-dangerous strain of Escherichia coli that produces toxins
that can severely damage the intestinal lining, resulting in bloody diarrhea
Hepatitis B virus - ANSWER-virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted
through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood
Tuberculosis - ANSWER-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of
the body, especially the lungs
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Key Teaching Older adult: UTI - ANSWER-Void at regular intervals and after sexual
intercourse
drink plenty of fluids
use of incontinence pads prn
Key Teaching Older adult: Skin infections - ANSWER-good hygiene practices
apply lotion
assess skin integrity
normal white blood cell count - ANSWER-5,000-10,000
Neutrophils- 60-70%, may be increased due to acute infection and stress, decreased
due to bacterial infection,
Lymphocytes- 20-40%, increased due to chronic bacterial and viral infections
Monocytes- 2-8%, increased due to severe infections (phagocytic)
Eosinophil- 1-4%, increased due to allergic rxn and parasitic infection
Basophil- 0.5-1%, not affected by infections
Signs of systemic infection - ANSWER--fever
-increased pulse and respiratory rate if the fever is high
-malaise and loss of energy
-anorexia and, in some situations, nausea and vomiting
-enlargement and tenderness of lymph nodes that drain the area of infection
medical asepsis - ANSWER-practices used to remove or destroy pathogens and to
prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place; clean
technique
surgical asepsis - ANSWER-sterile technique prevents contamination of an open
wound, serves to isolate the operative area from the unsterile environment, and
maintains a sterile field for surgery
Five Moments for Hand Hygiene - ANSWER-1. Before touching a patient
2. Before a clean or aseptic procedure
3. After a body fluid exposure risk
4. After touching a patient
5. After touching patient surroundings
Disposal of Soiled items - ANSWER-wrap in plastic bag, put in waterproof container
Use a alcohol based hand rub. - ANSWER-before/after direct contact with patients
When hands are not visibly soiled
After removing gloves
before inserting urinary cat., peripheral vascular cat, or invasive devices
moving from a contaminated body site to a noncontaminated body site.
, not recommended with C.diff (spores)
Alcohol-based hand rub - ANSWER-rubbing hands with alcohol-containing
preparation (1-3 ml) for at least 15 seconds
nosocomial infection - ANSWER-hospital acquired infection
Iatrogenic infection - ANSWER-Type of HAI resulting from a diagnostic or
therapeutic procudure
exogenous infection - ANSWER-infection originating from other people
Majority of HAIs include: - ANSWER-Catheter associated UTI (CAUTI)
Surgical site infection (SSI)
Central line- associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
Anaerobic bacteria - ANSWER-bacteria that do not require oxygen to survive
Organisms Potential to Produce Disease - ANSWER-Number of organisms (the
more the better)
Virulence (ability to produce disease
Competence of person's immune system
Length/intimacy of contact between person and organism (colonization=long contact)
epidemic disease - ANSWER-disease acquired by many hosts in a given area in a
short time
endemic disease - ANSWER-disease constantly present in a population, can appear
in different geographic locations
Transmission of causative agent - ANSWER-Direct contact
Indirect contact
Vector- living creature
Fomite- equipment or countertops
Droplet transmission
airborne transmission (less than 5 mcm)
Lyme disease - ANSWER-Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia
burgdorferi.
E. coli infection - ANSWER-dangerous strain of Escherichia coli that produces toxins
that can severely damage the intestinal lining, resulting in bloody diarrhea
Hepatitis B virus - ANSWER-virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted
through any body fluid, including vaginal secretions, semen, and blood
Tuberculosis - ANSWER-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of
the body, especially the lungs
