UTA PATHO FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
CVI factors - ANSWER-Age, inherited predisposition, obesity, pregnancy, poor
muscle tone from immobility
Thrombophlebitis - ANSWER-inflammation and swelling of vein from clot(DVT)
Virchow's Triad is present in people who - ANSWER-Sit for long periods
have casts
pregnant
obese
on diuretic medication
have preexisiting problems such as circulation, clotting probs
Pulmonary Embolism S/S - ANSWER-Can occur due to DVT
chest pain
SOB
hemoptysis
shock
Treating venous probs (DVT,PE) - ANSWER-mobility
hydration
elevate legs
blood thinners
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure - ANSWER--Pressure on arteries when heart is contracting and
ejecting blood
-Pressure when heart is resting
Good perfusion - ANSWER-110/60, pulses can be felt, palpable arteries, nail
blanching, normal organ function
Arteriosclerosis - ANSWER-chronic disease of arterial system
Arteriosclerosis etiology - ANSWER-HTN, smoking, diabetes, infecting, high
cholesteral, microscopic damage,
Atherosclerosis - ANSWER-fat deposits in wall causing inflammation and
coagulatory response
Patho of aterio disease - ANSWER-Ischemic pain(increase with exertion)
pale,cool skin
delayed healing
altered level of consciousness
, Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - ANSWER-commonly applies to legs but any
arterial disease outside of the heart
Venous thrombi - ANSWER-Block flow toward heart
Etiology for Hypertension - ANSWER-Atherosclerosis
Overactive sympathetic nervous system
Overactive RAAS
Overactive sympathetic system patho - ANSWER-Over-relase of epinephrine by
cariac symp nerve fibers---Over stimulates beta receptors of heart muscle which
INCREASES HR and contractility
resulting in GREATER CARDIAC OUTPUT
larger volume of blood in peripheral arteries lead to sustained increased BP
Damage done by Hypertension - ANSWER-Neuological (loss of funtion in brain due
to ischemia)
Renal (spilling of blood or protein into urine eventually leading to renal failure)
Cardiovascular (increased workload stiffens arteries leading to high BP)
hematuria - ANSWER-blood in urine due to high pressures
3 single gene disorders - ANSWER-autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant,
sex-linked
Carcinoma - ANSWER-malignant epithelium (Skin cancer)
Dysplasia - ANSWER-abnormal growth of cells, tissues, bone, or an organ
McCardle's disease - ANSWER-a glycogen storage disease
S/S Muscle pain, weakness, cramps, exercise intolerance
Beriberi disease - ANSWER-Lack of thiamine (B1) causing problems with Memory
and parasthesia
etiology: alcoholism, poor diet
S/S SOB, swollen legs, pain
Sickle cell anemia - ANSWER-Autosomal recessive disease
mutates RBC C shaped
S/S SOB, fatigue, ischemia esp, in joints
Metaplasia - ANSWER-Reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with
another
AND ANSWERS
CVI factors - ANSWER-Age, inherited predisposition, obesity, pregnancy, poor
muscle tone from immobility
Thrombophlebitis - ANSWER-inflammation and swelling of vein from clot(DVT)
Virchow's Triad is present in people who - ANSWER-Sit for long periods
have casts
pregnant
obese
on diuretic medication
have preexisiting problems such as circulation, clotting probs
Pulmonary Embolism S/S - ANSWER-Can occur due to DVT
chest pain
SOB
hemoptysis
shock
Treating venous probs (DVT,PE) - ANSWER-mobility
hydration
elevate legs
blood thinners
Systolic pressure
Diastolic pressure - ANSWER--Pressure on arteries when heart is contracting and
ejecting blood
-Pressure when heart is resting
Good perfusion - ANSWER-110/60, pulses can be felt, palpable arteries, nail
blanching, normal organ function
Arteriosclerosis - ANSWER-chronic disease of arterial system
Arteriosclerosis etiology - ANSWER-HTN, smoking, diabetes, infecting, high
cholesteral, microscopic damage,
Atherosclerosis - ANSWER-fat deposits in wall causing inflammation and
coagulatory response
Patho of aterio disease - ANSWER-Ischemic pain(increase with exertion)
pale,cool skin
delayed healing
altered level of consciousness
, Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) - ANSWER-commonly applies to legs but any
arterial disease outside of the heart
Venous thrombi - ANSWER-Block flow toward heart
Etiology for Hypertension - ANSWER-Atherosclerosis
Overactive sympathetic nervous system
Overactive RAAS
Overactive sympathetic system patho - ANSWER-Over-relase of epinephrine by
cariac symp nerve fibers---Over stimulates beta receptors of heart muscle which
INCREASES HR and contractility
resulting in GREATER CARDIAC OUTPUT
larger volume of blood in peripheral arteries lead to sustained increased BP
Damage done by Hypertension - ANSWER-Neuological (loss of funtion in brain due
to ischemia)
Renal (spilling of blood or protein into urine eventually leading to renal failure)
Cardiovascular (increased workload stiffens arteries leading to high BP)
hematuria - ANSWER-blood in urine due to high pressures
3 single gene disorders - ANSWER-autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant,
sex-linked
Carcinoma - ANSWER-malignant epithelium (Skin cancer)
Dysplasia - ANSWER-abnormal growth of cells, tissues, bone, or an organ
McCardle's disease - ANSWER-a glycogen storage disease
S/S Muscle pain, weakness, cramps, exercise intolerance
Beriberi disease - ANSWER-Lack of thiamine (B1) causing problems with Memory
and parasthesia
etiology: alcoholism, poor diet
S/S SOB, swollen legs, pain
Sickle cell anemia - ANSWER-Autosomal recessive disease
mutates RBC C shaped
S/S SOB, fatigue, ischemia esp, in joints
Metaplasia - ANSWER-Reversible replacement of one differentiated cell type with
another
