FNP BOARD REVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025

FNP BOARD REVIEW QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS 2025
AA24-
yearAold,AotherwiseAhealthyAcollegeAstudentApresentsAwithAc/oAcoughAxA6Aweeks.ASheAhasA
triedAseveralAOTCAcoughAmedsAwithAnoAimprovement.AWhatAisAtheAmostAimportantAinform
ationAtoAconsiderAwhenAbuildingAyourAdifferentialAdiagnoses?
A)AHerAage
B)AFamilyAhx
C)AIneffectivenessAofAOTCAcoughAmedicines
D)ALengthAofAtimeAsheAhasAbeenAcoughingA-AcorrectAanswers-
D)ALengthAofAtimeAsheAhasAbeenAcoughing

Why?AThisAinformationAhelpsAyouAbuildAyourAddxA
AcuteAcoughA<A3Aweeks:Abronchitis,Asinusitis,APND,AexacerbationAofACOPD/asthma,Apneu
monia,ApulmonaryAembolism

ChronicAcoughA(>8Aweeks)AGERDAandAAsthmaAareAmostAcommonAcauses,AalsoAconsiderA
infectionA(e.g.Apertussis,AatypicalApneumonia),AACEAinhibitors,AchronicAbronchitis,Abronchi
ectasis,AlungAca)
AccordingAtoAtheACDC,AwhatAdrugAclassAisAconsideredAfirst-lineAtreatmentAforApertussis?
A)ASulfonamide
B)ATetracycline
C)AMacrolide
D)ABeta-lactamA-AcorrectAanswers-
C)AMacrolideAantiobiticA(e.g.AAzithromycin,Aclarithromycin

SulfonamidesAareAsecond-line
MatchAtheAantibioticsAwithAtheAcorrectAdrugAclass:

1.ASulfonamide
2.ATetracycline
3.AMacrolide
4.ABeta-lactam


A.ADoxycyline
B.AAzithromycin
C.APenicillins
D.Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
E.ACephalosporin
F.AClarithromycinA-AcorrectAanswers-1.ASulfonamideA-AD.Trimethoprim-
SulfamethoxazoleA(Bactrim)
2.ATetracyclineA-AA.ADoxycycline
3.AMacrolideA-ABA&AF,AAzithromycinAandAClarithromycin

,4.ABeta-lactamA-ACA&AE,APCNAandAcephalosporins
WhatAareAtheAthreeAmostAcommonAbugsAinAcommunity-acquiredApneumonia?A-
AcorrectAanswers-StreptococcusApneumoniae

MycoplasmaApneuomiaeA(atypicalApathogen)
ChlamydophilaApneumoniaeA(atypicalApathogen)
WhatAisAtheAtreatmentAforACAPAcausedAbyAStrepApneumo?A-AcorrectAanswers-
RespiratoryAquinoloneA(e.g.ALevofloxacin,Amoxifloxacin,Agemifloxacin)AORAhigh-
doseAamoxicillinAORAamoxicillinAwithAclavulanate
WhatAantibioticsAareAavoidedAinACAPAcausedAbyAStrepApneumoAdueAtoAhighAratesAofAresist
ance?A-AcorrectAanswers-Macrolides
WhatAisAtheAtreatmentAforACAPAcausedAbyAMycoplasmaApneumoniae?A-AcorrectAanswers-
MacrolideAORAdoxycycline
WhatAantibioticsAareAavoidedAinACAPAcausedAbyAatypicalApathogens?A-AcorrectAanswers-
Beta-lactamsA(ineffective)
AA38-
yearAoldAmotherAofAtwoAteenagersArecentlyArecoveredAfromAMycoplasmaApneumoniaAaAco
upleAofAweeksAago.ASheAasksAifAsheAshouldAgetAtheA"pneumoniaAshot."ASheAtakesAlevothyr
oxineA88AmcgAdailyAforAhypothyroidism,AbutAisAotherwiseAhealthy.AHowAdoAyouArespond?
A)ANo,Ait'sAtooAsoonAafterAyourAinfection
B)ANo,Ait'sAnotAindicated
C)AYes,AyouAcanAgetAitAinAaboutAaAmonth
D)AYesAyouAcanAgetAitAtodayA-AcorrectAanswers-B)ANo,Ait'sAnotAindicatedA

AnAotherwiseAhealthyAadultAwithoutAimmunocompromiseAorAmultipleAcomorbidAconditionsA
isAnotAaA"vulnerableApopulation"A

TheApneumoniaAvaccineAdoesAnotApreventAmycoplasmaApneumonia
AccordingAtoAGOLD,AwhatAisArequiredAtoAestablishAtheAdiagnosisAofACOPD?A-
AcorrectAanswers-SpirometryA(FEV1/FVCAratioA<A70%)

AA70-yearAoldAhouseApainterAreportsAaA4-
weekAhistoryAofAexertionalAdyspnea,AchestAtightness,AandAcoughAforAtheApastA3Amonths.AH
eAhasAneverAsmoked.AWhatAdiagnosesAareAincludedAinAyourAdifferential?ASelectA4.

A)AAsthma
B)AAngina
C)ACOPD
D)AGERD
E)APneumonia
F)ATuberculosis
G)AHeartAFailureA-AcorrectAanswers-B)AAngina
C)ACOPD
F)ATuberculosis
G)AHeartAfailure
HowAdoAinhaledAanticholinergicsAworkAtoAtreatAshortnessAofAbreathAinACOPD?
A)ATheyAcauseAbronchodilationAinAtheAlungs

,B)ATheyAblockAtheAactionAofAacetylcholineAandApreventAbronchoconstrictionA-
AcorrectAanswers-

B)ATheyAblockAtheAactionAofAacetylcholineAandApreventAbronchconstriction
NameAaAshort-actingAinhaledAanticholinergic:A-AcorrectAanswers-IpratropiumA(Atrovent)
NameAaAlong-actingAinhaledAanticholinergic:A-AcorrectAanswers-TiotropiumA(Spiriva)
HowAdoAinhaledAbetá-agonistsAworkAtoAtreatAshortnessAofAbreathAinACOPD?
A)ATheyAcauseAbronchodilationAinAtheAlungs
B)ATheyAblockAtheAactionAofAacetylcholineAandApreventAbronchoconstrictionA-
AcorrectAanswers-A)ATheyAcauseAbronchodilationAinAtheAlungs

WhatAareAtheAonlyA2AinhaledAshort-actingAbetaAagonistsA(SABAs):A-AcorrectAanswers-
AlbuterolAandAlevalbuterol
NameAanAinhaledAlong-actingAbetaAagonistsA(LABAs):A-AcorrectAanswers-
SalmeterolA(Serevent)
WhatAareAtheAsideAeffectsAassociatedAwithAanticholinergicAmedications?A-
AcorrectAanswers-

CognitiveAimpairment,Aconfusion,Ahallucinations,AdryAmouth,AblurryAvision,AurinaryAretentio
n,Aconstipation,Atachycardia,AacuteAangleAglaucoma

"Can'tAsee,Acan'tApee,Acan'tAspit,Acan'tAshit."
NameAaAinhaledAcombinedAshort-actingAanticholinergic/short-actingAbetaAagonist:A-
AcorrectAanswers-Ipratropium/albuterolA(Combivent)

NameAaAinhaledAcombinedAlong-actingAbeta-agonist/corticosteroidA-AcorrectAanswers-
Fluticasone/salmeterolA(Advair)
Fluticasone/vilanterolA(Breo)
Budesonide/formoterolA(Symbicort)
Mometasone/frmoterolA(Dulera)
NameAanAinhaledAsteroid:A-AcorrectAanswers-FluticasoneA(Flovent)
BudesonideA(Pulmicort)
MometasoneA(Asmanex)
PutAtheAfollowingAinAtheAcorrectAorderAforACOPDAprescribingAstrategy:

A)ALong-actingAanticholinergicAorALABA,AplusArescueAmed
B)AInhaledAcorticosteroidA+LABAAorALAAanticholinergic,AplusArescueAmed
C)AShort-actingAanticholinergicAorASABAAPRN
D)AInhaledAcorticosteroidA+LABAAand/orALAAanticholinergic,AplusArescueAmedA-
AcorrectAanswers-C,AA,AB,AD

1.AShort-actingAanticholinergicAorASABAAPRN
THEN
2.ALong-actingAanticholinergicAorALABA,AplusArescueAmed
THEN
3.AInhaledAcorticosteroidA+LABAAorALAAanticholinergic,AplusArescueAmed
THEN
4.AInhaledAcorticosteroidA+LABAAand/orALAAanticholinergic,AplusArescueAmed
ThereAisAgoodAevidenceAinAsupportAofAoralAsteroidsAforACOPDAexacerbationsAtoAshortenAre
coveryAtimeAandAimproveAlungAfunction.AWhatAisAtheAcorrectArecommendedAdose?

, A)AMedrolAdose-pack
B)A10-dayAcourseAofAPrednisoneA20Amg,AfollowedAbyAaAtaper
C)A5-dayAcourseAofAPrednisoneA40AmgA-AcorrectAanswers-C)A5-
dayAcourseAofAPrednisoneA40Amg

ChronicAuseAshouldAbeAavoidedA-AassociatedAwithAanAunfavorableArisk-to-benefitAratio
AApatientAwithAasthmaAsymptomsAdailyAwithAoccasionalAnighttimeAawakeningsAhas

A)AIntermittentAasthma
B)AMildApersistentAasthma
C)AModerateApersistentAasthma
D)ASevereApersistentAasthmaA-AcorrectAanswers-C)AModerateApersistentAasthma
AApatientAwithAasthmaAsymptomsAmoreAthanAtwiceAaAweek,AbutAnotAdailyAwithAoccasionalA
nighttimeAawakeningsAhas

A)AIntermittentAasthma
B)AMildApersistentAasthma
C)AModerateApersistentAasthma
D)ASevereApersistentAasthmaA-AcorrectAanswers-B)AMildApersistentAasthma
AApatientAwithAasthmaAsymptomsAlessAthanAtwiceAaAweekAhas

A)AIntermittentAasthma
B)AMildApersistentAasthma
C)AModerateApersistentAasthma
D)ASevereApersistentAasthmaA-AcorrectAanswers-A)AIntermittentAasthma
AApatientAwithAasthmaAsymptomsAmultipleAtimesAthroughoutAtheAdayAandAnighttimeAawake
ningsAonAmostAnightsAofAtheAweekAhas

A)AIntermittentAasthma
B)AMildApersistentAasthma
C)AModerateApersistentAasthma
D)ASevereApersistentAasthmaA-AcorrectAanswers-D)ASevereApersistentAasthma
WhatAareAtheAmostAcommonAsideAeffectsAofAlong-termAinhaledAsteroidAuse?

A)AOsteoporosisAandAGERD
B)ACataractsAandAosteopenia
C)AHyperkalemiaAandAdiabetes
D)AHypertensionAandAdiabetesA-AcorrectAanswers-B)ACataractsAandAosteopenia
WhatAmedicationAcombinationAisAconsideredAunsafeAinAaApatientAwithAasthma?

A)AFluticasoneAandAalbuterol
B)AMometasone,Aformoterol,Aalbuterol
C)ABudesonideAandAlevalbuterol
D)ASalmeterolAandAlevalbuterol

Why?A-AcorrectAanswers-D)ASalmeterolAandAlevalbuterol