What are the mandibular fracture S/S?
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, - Malocclusion
- Inability to open the mouth (trismus)
- Pain, especially on movement
- Facial asymmetry and a palpable step-off deformity
- Edema or hematoma formation at the fracture site
- Blood behind, ruptured, tympanic membrane
- Anesthesia of the lower lip
Explain Distributive Shock.
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Results from disruption in SNS control of the tone of blood vessels, which
leads to vasodilation and maldistribution of blood volume and flow.
(Neurogenic and Septic Shock). Neurogenic shock may result from injury to
spinal cord in cervical or upper thoracic region.
Spinal shock = areflexia and flaccidity associated with lower motor neuron
involvement in complete cord injuries; reflexes return with resolution of
spinal shock.
Septic shock from bacteremia is distributive shock. Endotoxins and other
inflammatory mediators cause vasodilation, shunting of blood in
microcirculation, and other perfusion abnormalities.
What are signs of ineffective breathing?
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, - AMS
- Cyanosis, especially around the mouth
- Asymmetric expansion of chest wall
- Paradoxical movement of the chest wall during inspiration and expiration
- Use of accessory muscles or abdominal muscles or both or diaphragmatic
breathing
- Sucking chest wounds
- Absent or diminished breath sounds
- Administer O2 via NRB or assist ventilations with a bag-mask device, as
indicated
- Anticipate definitive airway management to support ventilation.
S/S of Renal Injuries?
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-Hematuria
-Flank or abdominal tenderness elicited during palpation
-Ecchymosis over flank may occur, but normally develops 6 to 12 hours
after injury
What is Surgical Cricothyrotomy?
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Making an incision in cricothyroid membrane and placing a cuffed endo or
trach tube into trachea. This is indicated when other methods of airway
management have failed and pt cannot be adequately ventilated and
oxygenated.
Complications include:
- Aspiration
- Hemorrhage or hematoma formation or both
- Lac to trachea or esophagus
, - Creation of a false passage
- Laryngeal stenosis
Define Severe Head Trauma.
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Postresuscitative state with GCS score of 8 or less.
What are the late observable signs of symptoms of increased ICP?
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- Dilated, nonreactive pupil
- Unresponsiveness to verbal or painful stimuli
- Abnormal motor posturing patterns
- Widening pulse pressure
- Increased systolic blood pressure
- Changes in RR and pattern
- Bradycardia
What is a cerebral contusion and its S/S?
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A common focal brain injury in which brain tissue is bruised and damaged
in a local area. Mainly located in frontal and temporal lobes. May cause
hemorrhage, infarction, necrosis and edema. Max effects of bleeding &
edema peak 18-36 post injury.
S/S:
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, - Malocclusion
- Inability to open the mouth (trismus)
- Pain, especially on movement
- Facial asymmetry and a palpable step-off deformity
- Edema or hematoma formation at the fracture site
- Blood behind, ruptured, tympanic membrane
- Anesthesia of the lower lip
Explain Distributive Shock.
Give this one a try later!
Results from disruption in SNS control of the tone of blood vessels, which
leads to vasodilation and maldistribution of blood volume and flow.
(Neurogenic and Septic Shock). Neurogenic shock may result from injury to
spinal cord in cervical or upper thoracic region.
Spinal shock = areflexia and flaccidity associated with lower motor neuron
involvement in complete cord injuries; reflexes return with resolution of
spinal shock.
Septic shock from bacteremia is distributive shock. Endotoxins and other
inflammatory mediators cause vasodilation, shunting of blood in
microcirculation, and other perfusion abnormalities.
What are signs of ineffective breathing?
Give this one a try later!
, - AMS
- Cyanosis, especially around the mouth
- Asymmetric expansion of chest wall
- Paradoxical movement of the chest wall during inspiration and expiration
- Use of accessory muscles or abdominal muscles or both or diaphragmatic
breathing
- Sucking chest wounds
- Absent or diminished breath sounds
- Administer O2 via NRB or assist ventilations with a bag-mask device, as
indicated
- Anticipate definitive airway management to support ventilation.
S/S of Renal Injuries?
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-Hematuria
-Flank or abdominal tenderness elicited during palpation
-Ecchymosis over flank may occur, but normally develops 6 to 12 hours
after injury
What is Surgical Cricothyrotomy?
Give this one a try later!
Making an incision in cricothyroid membrane and placing a cuffed endo or
trach tube into trachea. This is indicated when other methods of airway
management have failed and pt cannot be adequately ventilated and
oxygenated.
Complications include:
- Aspiration
- Hemorrhage or hematoma formation or both
- Lac to trachea or esophagus
, - Creation of a false passage
- Laryngeal stenosis
Define Severe Head Trauma.
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Postresuscitative state with GCS score of 8 or less.
What are the late observable signs of symptoms of increased ICP?
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- Dilated, nonreactive pupil
- Unresponsiveness to verbal or painful stimuli
- Abnormal motor posturing patterns
- Widening pulse pressure
- Increased systolic blood pressure
- Changes in RR and pattern
- Bradycardia
What is a cerebral contusion and its S/S?
Give this one a try later!
A common focal brain injury in which brain tissue is bruised and damaged
in a local area. Mainly located in frontal and temporal lobes. May cause
hemorrhage, infarction, necrosis and edema. Max effects of bleeding &
edema peak 18-36 post injury.
S/S:
