NSG 223 Med Surg Exam 2 with 100% Verified Answers Graded A
1. What is the difference between a DVT and VTE: a DVT is a stationary clot.
A VTE can be two things : a deep vein thrombus or a pulmonary emboli
2. What are prevention strategies for PE ?: Perform leg pumps while in bed
Ambulate
Drinking fluids
Stocking compresses
ROMs
Smoke cessation
3. What is ARDS? What is the sign/symptom
associated?: Acute respiratory syndrome symptoms
Hypoxemia
Dyspnea
Tachycardia
4. Causes of ARDS: Trauma
pulmonary infection/aspiration
prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass
shock
fat emboli
sepsis
5. What is positive end expiratory pressure ( peep): Positive pressure applied at
the end of ventilation which opens up collapsed alveoli decreasing V/Q mismatch
Helps prevent alveolar collapse
6. What intervention do you do for a pt with pulmonary emboli: Following the
prescription
Provide oxygen by nasal cannula
7. What is a pulmonary embolism?: blood clot in the lungs
A collection of particulate matter that enters the
venous system and lodges in the pulmonary
vessels.
• Large emboli obstruct blood flow, resulting in
reduced gas exchange, reduced oxygenation,
lung tissue hypoxia, decreased perfusion, and
possibly death.
8. How arterial blood gas would look like in a patient with compasated respi-
ratory acidosis ?: Ph = normal
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, NSG 223 Med Surg Exam 2 with 100% Verified Answers Graded A
Co2 > 45
Bic > 26
9. What is Vecuromiun and when to use it?: Class: neuromuscular blocking agent
• Therapeutic use: used prior to intubating a
patient
Side effect: relaxes vocal chords and jaw muscles
It gives before intubating
10. What is train of four ?: Provide stimuli along the nerve pathway.
Measure the level of muscle relaxation caused by neuromuscular blocking agent
11. Respiratory alkalosis symptoms: hyperventilation
confusion, hypokalemia, light headedness, and tingling in the extremities
Remember breathing fast will cause respiratory alkalosis. You are blowing out all
Co2 = Respiratory alkalosis
12. What are some examples of chronic causes of respiratory acidosis ?: Em-
physema
COPD
Sleep apnea
They have hard time to breath out CO2 (slow breath)accumlate in causing respira-
tory acidosis.
13. How to understand Compasation: Full Compasated= PH will always be nor-
mal
Partial compensated = all 3 buffer are abnormal ( ph, co2 & bic )
Uncompensated = 1 buffer normal
14. Acidosis symptoms CNS: Acidosis in the body causes CNS depression
headache
confusion
loss of consciousness
coma
Dysrhythmias (heart is very sensitive to acidosis)
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1. What is the difference between a DVT and VTE: a DVT is a stationary clot.
A VTE can be two things : a deep vein thrombus or a pulmonary emboli
2. What are prevention strategies for PE ?: Perform leg pumps while in bed
Ambulate
Drinking fluids
Stocking compresses
ROMs
Smoke cessation
3. What is ARDS? What is the sign/symptom
associated?: Acute respiratory syndrome symptoms
Hypoxemia
Dyspnea
Tachycardia
4. Causes of ARDS: Trauma
pulmonary infection/aspiration
prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass
shock
fat emboli
sepsis
5. What is positive end expiratory pressure ( peep): Positive pressure applied at
the end of ventilation which opens up collapsed alveoli decreasing V/Q mismatch
Helps prevent alveolar collapse
6. What intervention do you do for a pt with pulmonary emboli: Following the
prescription
Provide oxygen by nasal cannula
7. What is a pulmonary embolism?: blood clot in the lungs
A collection of particulate matter that enters the
venous system and lodges in the pulmonary
vessels.
• Large emboli obstruct blood flow, resulting in
reduced gas exchange, reduced oxygenation,
lung tissue hypoxia, decreased perfusion, and
possibly death.
8. How arterial blood gas would look like in a patient with compasated respi-
ratory acidosis ?: Ph = normal
1/7
, NSG 223 Med Surg Exam 2 with 100% Verified Answers Graded A
Co2 > 45
Bic > 26
9. What is Vecuromiun and when to use it?: Class: neuromuscular blocking agent
• Therapeutic use: used prior to intubating a
patient
Side effect: relaxes vocal chords and jaw muscles
It gives before intubating
10. What is train of four ?: Provide stimuli along the nerve pathway.
Measure the level of muscle relaxation caused by neuromuscular blocking agent
11. Respiratory alkalosis symptoms: hyperventilation
confusion, hypokalemia, light headedness, and tingling in the extremities
Remember breathing fast will cause respiratory alkalosis. You are blowing out all
Co2 = Respiratory alkalosis
12. What are some examples of chronic causes of respiratory acidosis ?: Em-
physema
COPD
Sleep apnea
They have hard time to breath out CO2 (slow breath)accumlate in causing respira-
tory acidosis.
13. How to understand Compasation: Full Compasated= PH will always be nor-
mal
Partial compensated = all 3 buffer are abnormal ( ph, co2 & bic )
Uncompensated = 1 buffer normal
14. Acidosis symptoms CNS: Acidosis in the body causes CNS depression
headache
confusion
loss of consciousness
coma
Dysrhythmias (heart is very sensitive to acidosis)
2/7
