LATEST VERIFIED UPDATE: ESS 101 A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

LATEST VERIFIED UPDATE: ESS 101 A+ QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. If a xenolith included within an igneous pluton has a numerical age of 55 million years (Ma) old, what can you infer about the age of the pluton? a. The pluton formed before 55 Ma ago. b. The pluton formed before 100 Ma ago. c. The pluton formed exactly at 55 Ma ago. d. The pluton formed after 55 Ma ago. e. none of the above answers are correct as you cannot infer the pIuton's age based on the numerical ages d Radiocarbon is first produced _____ when neutrons strike ______ atoms. a. ocean, nitrogen-14 b. ocean, carbon-12 c. atmosphere, carbon-12 d. atmosphere, nitrogen-14 e. atmosphere, carbon-13 d A minimum of _______ seismic stations is necessary to determine the focus of an earthquake. a. 3 b. 10 c. 1 d. 300 e. 5 a Which seismic wave will be the last to reach a seismic station following an earthquake? a. surface, S, and P b. S,P,surface c. surface, p. s d. P,S,surface e. P, surface, S d A volcanic neck is formed ________ and the surrounding rock erodes away. a. when a magma body intrudes a fracture that lies parallel to sedimentary layers b. when a magma body intrudes a fracture that lies perpendicular to sedimentary layers c. when an irregular shaped magma body intrudes the country rock that is 100 km 2 d. when an irregular shaped magma body intrudes the country rock that is 100 km 2 e. when a magma body solidifies within the vent of a volcano and the surrounding material is eroded e In order to relieve stress buildup that would cause a magnitude 5 earthquake, approximately how many magnitude 4 earthquakes would have to occur? a. l0 b. 30 c. 300 d. 900 e. 27,000 B Limestone generally precipitates in deep ocean water because_______. a. calcium carbonate precipitates in cold water b. calcium carbonate is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold water c. calcium carbonate is more soluble (dissolvable) in cold water d. dissolved calcium carbonate is only present in deep water e. none of the above answers are correct as limestone typically precipitates in shallow ocean water e Symmetric anticline folds result from______. a. bi-directional stresses b. uni-directional stresses c. extensional stresses d. erosion of plugging (tilted) anticlines and synclines e. erosion of tilted strata A What conditions are necessary to form oolitic limestone? a. warm water conditions b. active waves and currents c. shallow water d. lots of marine plant life e. all of the above answers are correct e Pillow basalts form when basalt is ________. a. erupted rapidly from fissures into the atmosphere b. erupted slowly within lava tubes c. erupted into water d. erupted from a small vent e. none of the above answers are correct c Strato volcanoes consist of ______? a. interlayered basalt flows b. interlayered pyroclastic flows c. interlayered pyroclastic and lava flows d. viscous rhyolite flows e. exclusively of stratified volcanic ash layers c Which of the following statements about joints are not important to promote weathering in rock. a. joints provide protected settings from soil and plants to become established b. joints permit water and other chemical agents to penetrate below the surface d. joints more surface area for the weathering front to attack d. joints increase tension in the rock causing weathering reaction rates to increase e. none of the above answers are correct, as all of the above factors regarding joints enhance weathering d Monuments and hoodoos form ________. a. when angular joints patterns weather spheroidally b. from re-precipitation of calcium carbonate in caves c. from deep rilling of exposed limestone rock d. a resistant cap rock protects the underlying weaker rock from weathering and erosion.