ACLS 2025
What element of a system of care is represented by properly functioning resuscitation equipment?
- Answer- Structure
What is the first link in the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) chain of survival? - Answer-
Activation of emergency reponse
What are signs of clinical deterioration that would prompt the activation of rapid response system?
- Answer- Symptomatic hypertension
Seizure
Unexplained agitation
What is the primary purpose of a rapid response team (RRT) or medical emergency team (MET)?
- Answer- To improve patient outcomes by identifying and treating early clinical deterioration
What happens when teams rapidly assess and intervene when patients have abnormal vital
signs? - Answer- The number of in hospital cardiac arrest decreases
In addition to decreased IHCA, what are some other benefits of implementing a rapid response
system? Select all that apply. - Answer- Decrease ICU length of stay.
Decreased in total hospital length of stay.
Which is the main advantage of effective teamwork? - Answer- Division of tasks
Which is the best example of a role of the team leader? - Answer- Models excellent team behavior
Which is the best example of a role of a team member? - Answer- Prepared to fulfill their role
responsibilities
What is the primary purpose of the CPR coach on a resuscitation team? - Answer- Increasing
CPR quality
What are the 6 positions for high performance teams in resuscitation? - Answer- Team leader
Airway
Timer/recorder
Compressor (rotate every 2 minutes)
Monitor/defibrillator/cpr coach
IV/IO/Medications
Which member of the high performance team has the responsibility for assigning roles (positions)?
- Answer- Team leader
Which high performance team member is part of the resuscitation triangle? - Answer-
Monitor/defibrillator/cpr coach
Which is an example of knowledge sharing by a team leader? - Answer- Asking for suggestions
about interventions
,Which is an example of summarizing and reevaluating? - Answer- Increasing monitoring of the
patients condition deteriorates
Which is a step of closed-loop communication? - Answer- Confirming task completion before
assigning another task
Which are examples of mutual respect? Select all that apply: - Answer- Acknowledging correctly
completed tasks in a positive way
Ensuring that only one person talks at a time
What are the components of high quality CPR? Select all that apply: - Answer- Compression depth
of at least 2 inches (5cm)
Switching compressors every 2 minutes
Avoiding excessive ventilation
Complete chest recoil after each compression
Interruption limited to under 10 seconds
How do you calculate the chest compression fraction (CCF)? What is ideal percentage? - Answer-
Divide chest compression time by total code time. You want this at least 60% but ideally greater
than 80%
Which component of effective high-performance teams is represented by the use of real-time
feedback devices? - Answer- Quality
How do you calculate Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP)? - Answer- Aortic diastolic pressure
"minus" Right Atrial Diastolic Pressure
How do interruptions in chest compressions negatively impact survival after cardiac arrest? -
Answer- Decrease coronary perfusion pressure
What is the only intervention that can restore an organized rhythm in patients with ventricular
fibrillation (VF)? - Answer- Early and effective defibrillation
How quickly does the chance of survival decline for every minute of defibrillation delay in patients
with ventricular fibrillation who do receive bystander CPR? - Answer- 7-10%
What is the advantage of a systematic approach to patient assessment? - Answer- Reduces the
chances of missing important signs and symptoms
What is the first step in the systematic approach to patient assessment? - Answer- Initial
impression
What is the maximum amount of time you should simultaneously perform pulse and breathing
checks? - Answer- 10 seconds
While performing the BLS Assessment, you initiate high- quality CPR and assist ventilation with a
bag mask device. The AED does not recommend a shock.
, Which action in the Primary assessment should you perform first? - Answer- Determine is the
patients airway is patent
The initial assessment reveals a conscious patient. The patients airway is patent and an advanced
airway is not indicated.
Which action in the primary assessment should you perform next? - Answer- Administer oxygen
as needed
Which action is part of secondary assessment of a conscious patient? - Answer- Formulate a
differential diagnosis
Which of the following are the "H's" causes of reversible cardiac arrest? Select all that apply: -
Answer- Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Hyperkalemia/hypokalemia
Hypovolemia
Acidosis
Which of the following are the "T" causes of reversible cardiac arrest? - Answer- Tension
pneumothorax
Toxins
Cardiac tamponade
Pulmonary thrombosis
Coronary thrombosis
What is the only intervention that can restore an organized rhythm in patients with ventricular
fibrillation (VF)? - Answer- Early and effective defibrillation
What is the most common symptom of myocardial ischemia and infarction? - Answer- Retrosternal
chest pain
Which demographic group experiencing acute coronary syndromes is more likely to present
without chest pain? - Answer- Females
Oxygen should be delivered to a patient who has obvious signs of heart failure if the oxygen
saturation is less than? - Answer- 90%
Obtaining a what is the most important assessment tool for a patient displaying signs and
symptoms of acute coronary syndrome? - Answer- 12 lead ekg
What is the time goal for how quickly you should complete a fibrinolytic checklist once the patient
arrives in the emergency department? - Answer- 10 minutes
When should oxygen be administered? - Answer- If the patient is dyspneic or hypoxemic, has
obvious signs of heart failure, or has an arterial o2 saturation that is less than 90% or unknown.
Which is a contraindication to the administration of aspirin for the management of a patient with
acute coronary syndromes? - Answer- Recent GI bleeding
What element of a system of care is represented by properly functioning resuscitation equipment?
- Answer- Structure
What is the first link in the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) chain of survival? - Answer-
Activation of emergency reponse
What are signs of clinical deterioration that would prompt the activation of rapid response system?
- Answer- Symptomatic hypertension
Seizure
Unexplained agitation
What is the primary purpose of a rapid response team (RRT) or medical emergency team (MET)?
- Answer- To improve patient outcomes by identifying and treating early clinical deterioration
What happens when teams rapidly assess and intervene when patients have abnormal vital
signs? - Answer- The number of in hospital cardiac arrest decreases
In addition to decreased IHCA, what are some other benefits of implementing a rapid response
system? Select all that apply. - Answer- Decrease ICU length of stay.
Decreased in total hospital length of stay.
Which is the main advantage of effective teamwork? - Answer- Division of tasks
Which is the best example of a role of the team leader? - Answer- Models excellent team behavior
Which is the best example of a role of a team member? - Answer- Prepared to fulfill their role
responsibilities
What is the primary purpose of the CPR coach on a resuscitation team? - Answer- Increasing
CPR quality
What are the 6 positions for high performance teams in resuscitation? - Answer- Team leader
Airway
Timer/recorder
Compressor (rotate every 2 minutes)
Monitor/defibrillator/cpr coach
IV/IO/Medications
Which member of the high performance team has the responsibility for assigning roles (positions)?
- Answer- Team leader
Which high performance team member is part of the resuscitation triangle? - Answer-
Monitor/defibrillator/cpr coach
Which is an example of knowledge sharing by a team leader? - Answer- Asking for suggestions
about interventions
,Which is an example of summarizing and reevaluating? - Answer- Increasing monitoring of the
patients condition deteriorates
Which is a step of closed-loop communication? - Answer- Confirming task completion before
assigning another task
Which are examples of mutual respect? Select all that apply: - Answer- Acknowledging correctly
completed tasks in a positive way
Ensuring that only one person talks at a time
What are the components of high quality CPR? Select all that apply: - Answer- Compression depth
of at least 2 inches (5cm)
Switching compressors every 2 minutes
Avoiding excessive ventilation
Complete chest recoil after each compression
Interruption limited to under 10 seconds
How do you calculate the chest compression fraction (CCF)? What is ideal percentage? - Answer-
Divide chest compression time by total code time. You want this at least 60% but ideally greater
than 80%
Which component of effective high-performance teams is represented by the use of real-time
feedback devices? - Answer- Quality
How do you calculate Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP)? - Answer- Aortic diastolic pressure
"minus" Right Atrial Diastolic Pressure
How do interruptions in chest compressions negatively impact survival after cardiac arrest? -
Answer- Decrease coronary perfusion pressure
What is the only intervention that can restore an organized rhythm in patients with ventricular
fibrillation (VF)? - Answer- Early and effective defibrillation
How quickly does the chance of survival decline for every minute of defibrillation delay in patients
with ventricular fibrillation who do receive bystander CPR? - Answer- 7-10%
What is the advantage of a systematic approach to patient assessment? - Answer- Reduces the
chances of missing important signs and symptoms
What is the first step in the systematic approach to patient assessment? - Answer- Initial
impression
What is the maximum amount of time you should simultaneously perform pulse and breathing
checks? - Answer- 10 seconds
While performing the BLS Assessment, you initiate high- quality CPR and assist ventilation with a
bag mask device. The AED does not recommend a shock.
, Which action in the Primary assessment should you perform first? - Answer- Determine is the
patients airway is patent
The initial assessment reveals a conscious patient. The patients airway is patent and an advanced
airway is not indicated.
Which action in the primary assessment should you perform next? - Answer- Administer oxygen
as needed
Which action is part of secondary assessment of a conscious patient? - Answer- Formulate a
differential diagnosis
Which of the following are the "H's" causes of reversible cardiac arrest? Select all that apply: -
Answer- Hypothermia
Hypoxia
Hyperkalemia/hypokalemia
Hypovolemia
Acidosis
Which of the following are the "T" causes of reversible cardiac arrest? - Answer- Tension
pneumothorax
Toxins
Cardiac tamponade
Pulmonary thrombosis
Coronary thrombosis
What is the only intervention that can restore an organized rhythm in patients with ventricular
fibrillation (VF)? - Answer- Early and effective defibrillation
What is the most common symptom of myocardial ischemia and infarction? - Answer- Retrosternal
chest pain
Which demographic group experiencing acute coronary syndromes is more likely to present
without chest pain? - Answer- Females
Oxygen should be delivered to a patient who has obvious signs of heart failure if the oxygen
saturation is less than? - Answer- 90%
Obtaining a what is the most important assessment tool for a patient displaying signs and
symptoms of acute coronary syndrome? - Answer- 12 lead ekg
What is the time goal for how quickly you should complete a fibrinolytic checklist once the patient
arrives in the emergency department? - Answer- 10 minutes
When should oxygen be administered? - Answer- If the patient is dyspneic or hypoxemic, has
obvious signs of heart failure, or has an arterial o2 saturation that is less than 90% or unknown.
Which is a contraindication to the administration of aspirin for the management of a patient with
acute coronary syndromes? - Answer- Recent GI bleeding
