The chapters in this document are displayed in reversed order, with the last chapter appearing first.
This change ensures all chapters are included in the test bank.
Complete Chapters Included ✅
Chap 1 to 13
Application Exercises
to accompany
School Law And The Public Schools: A Practical Guide for Educational Leaders
7th edition
Nathan L. Essex
School Law And The Public Schools (7th edition) includes 40 scenario-based
Application Exercises.
Purpose:
The exercises are designed to advance your students professional development by
taking them into educational settings through authentic scenarios that provide them with
significant legal challenges and problems that principals and superintendents most likely
will encounter during their professional careers.
Structure:
Each exercise is structured with the following components:
1. Title of the exercise
2. A one or two paragraph overview that establishes the context for the exercise
3. A scenario that presents a legal challenge or problem
4. A series of higher-order thinking constructed-response questions that prompt
students to reflect on how they would deal with the challenge or problem
presented
5. A model response for each question (You have the option of inserting these
responses into the feedback mechanism in your LMS.)
Assigning the Exercises:
The exercises can be assigned in three or more ways, such as:
1. Assigning them for homework after a chapter has been covered in class
2. Using them as focal points for small-group discussions
3. Using them as focal points for whole-class discussions
Each exercise should take approximately 15-25 minutes to complete.
The Exercises:
The following is a list of the exercises, by title.
Chapter 1:
Application Exercise 1.1: A Political School Board Member Makes an Employment
Request
Application Exercise 1.2: Formulation of Legally Defensible Policies
Application Exercise 1.3: A New State Board of Education Member Faces New
Challenges
Chapter 2:
Application Exercise 2.1: Prayer and Bible Reading in Schools
i
Copyright © 2026
, Application Exercise 2.2: Religious Displays in Schools
Application Exercise 2.3: Legal Risks of Holding a Graduation Ceremony in a
Church
Chapter 3:
Application Exercise 3.1: The Constitutional Rights of Students
Application Exercise 3.2: The Due Process Rights of Students
Application Exercise 3.3: Student Search Involving a Protruding Object
Chapter 4:
Application Exercise 4.1: Bullying in Public Schools
Application Exercise 4.2: Hazing in Public Schools
Application Exercise 4.3: Responding to Gangs in School Settings
Chapter 5:
Application Exercise 5.1: Do Not Attempt Resuscitation Request
Application Exercise 5.2: Harassment: A Student with Disabilities Withdrawn from
School
Application Exercise 5.3: Disciplining Students with Disabilities
Chapter 6:
Application Exercise 6.1: Supervision at a Saturday Volleyball Program
Application Exercise 6.2: Teacher Liability and Playground Supervision
Application Exercise 6.3: Supervision Before School
Chapter 7:
Application Exercise 7.1: Section 504 and FER PA Violations Reports: Medical
Records
Application Exercise 7.2: Section 504 and FER PA Violations Reports: Disciplinary
Records
Application Exercise 7.3: Educational Records, Student Injury and School Liability
Application Exercise 7.4: A Video Involved in a School Fight
Chapter 8:
Application Exercise 8.1: A Teacher’s Use of the “N” Word in Class
Application Exercise 8.2: Teachers Sharing Cell Phone Numbers with Students
Application Exercise 8.3: Teacher Freedom of Expression and Racial Epithets
Chapter 9:
Application Exercise 9.1: Employment Discrimination Lawsuit
Application Exercise 9.2: Sexual Harassment Lawsuit Against A School Principal
Application Exercise 9.3: A Teacher’s Refusal to Use a Student’s Personal
Pronoun
Chapter 10:
Application Exercise 10.1: Inappropriate Conduct: Caught in the Act
Application Exercise 10.2: Dismissal Based on Grounds of Incompetency
Application Exercise 10.3: Prohibited Speech by Teachers in Classrooms
ii
Copyright © 2026
,Chapter 11:
Application Exercise 11.1: Book Ban Demanded by School Board Member
Application Exercise 11.2: School Voucher Debate
Application Exercise 11.3: Barriers to School Attendance Involving Undocumented
Students
Chapter 12:
Application Exercise 12.1: Impact of Segregation on Black Children
Application Exercise 12.2: Complying with Equal Opportunity Challenges
Application Exercise 12.3: School Integration and a Diverse Student Body
Chapter 13:
Application Exercise 13.1: The Plight of Children Living in Poverty
Application Exercise 13.2: Impact of Adequacy and Equity Funding on Students in
Public Schools
Application Exercise 13.3: Budget Reduction in Public School Districts
iii
Copyright © 2026
, Chapter 13
Test Item File
School Law and the Public Schools:
A Practical Guide for Educational
Leaders
Seventh Edition
Nathan L. Essex
University of Memphis
, Table of Contents
Chapter 13: Public School Finance 1
Learning Objective Quizzes 1
Application Exercise 8
Test Items 16
Test Answer Key 19
v
Copyright © 2026
, Chapter 13: Public School Finance
Chapter 13 Learning Objective Quizzes
[Q1]
State support of public education is a voluntary activity by virtue of the Tenth
Amendment. Consequently, it becomes a function of the state to establish, support, and
maintain public schools. Which of the following statements are accurate:
1. The state has the inherent power to levy taxes on its citizens to support public
education. (correct)
2. The U.S. Constitution imposes an affirmative duty to the states to control public
schools.
3. State support of public schools is not a voluntary act.
4. The Federal government is not required to provide assistance to education.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
This choice is correct because states have the authority to finance their public education
systems through taxation. This power is rooted in the concept of sovereignty and the
need to meet the state’s responsibility to provide public education.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This response is incorrect. Education is not mentioned in the U.S. Constitution and the
U.S. Supreme Court has held that there is no fundamental right to education in the
Constitution, thus leaving the responsibility to the states.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This option is incorrect. It is a part of the states’ responsibility to provide access to
public education. However, states have discretion regarding the manner in which it is
provided but it does not relieve them of the responsibility or obligation to do so.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
This option is incorrect. The federal government is not required to provide assistance to
education. However, it does so through a variety of federally funded programs. Federal
assistance does not relieve states of their responsibility to provide education within their
boundaries.
[Q2]
Property taxation and school funding are closely intertwined at the local level in the
United States. School and local tax constitute:
1. 75% of educational expenditures
2. 80% of educational expenditures
3. 90% of educational expenditures (correct)
1
Copyright © 2026
This change ensures all chapters are included in the test bank.
Complete Chapters Included ✅
Chap 1 to 13
Application Exercises
to accompany
School Law And The Public Schools: A Practical Guide for Educational Leaders
7th edition
Nathan L. Essex
School Law And The Public Schools (7th edition) includes 40 scenario-based
Application Exercises.
Purpose:
The exercises are designed to advance your students professional development by
taking them into educational settings through authentic scenarios that provide them with
significant legal challenges and problems that principals and superintendents most likely
will encounter during their professional careers.
Structure:
Each exercise is structured with the following components:
1. Title of the exercise
2. A one or two paragraph overview that establishes the context for the exercise
3. A scenario that presents a legal challenge or problem
4. A series of higher-order thinking constructed-response questions that prompt
students to reflect on how they would deal with the challenge or problem
presented
5. A model response for each question (You have the option of inserting these
responses into the feedback mechanism in your LMS.)
Assigning the Exercises:
The exercises can be assigned in three or more ways, such as:
1. Assigning them for homework after a chapter has been covered in class
2. Using them as focal points for small-group discussions
3. Using them as focal points for whole-class discussions
Each exercise should take approximately 15-25 minutes to complete.
The Exercises:
The following is a list of the exercises, by title.
Chapter 1:
Application Exercise 1.1: A Political School Board Member Makes an Employment
Request
Application Exercise 1.2: Formulation of Legally Defensible Policies
Application Exercise 1.3: A New State Board of Education Member Faces New
Challenges
Chapter 2:
Application Exercise 2.1: Prayer and Bible Reading in Schools
i
Copyright © 2026
, Application Exercise 2.2: Religious Displays in Schools
Application Exercise 2.3: Legal Risks of Holding a Graduation Ceremony in a
Church
Chapter 3:
Application Exercise 3.1: The Constitutional Rights of Students
Application Exercise 3.2: The Due Process Rights of Students
Application Exercise 3.3: Student Search Involving a Protruding Object
Chapter 4:
Application Exercise 4.1: Bullying in Public Schools
Application Exercise 4.2: Hazing in Public Schools
Application Exercise 4.3: Responding to Gangs in School Settings
Chapter 5:
Application Exercise 5.1: Do Not Attempt Resuscitation Request
Application Exercise 5.2: Harassment: A Student with Disabilities Withdrawn from
School
Application Exercise 5.3: Disciplining Students with Disabilities
Chapter 6:
Application Exercise 6.1: Supervision at a Saturday Volleyball Program
Application Exercise 6.2: Teacher Liability and Playground Supervision
Application Exercise 6.3: Supervision Before School
Chapter 7:
Application Exercise 7.1: Section 504 and FER PA Violations Reports: Medical
Records
Application Exercise 7.2: Section 504 and FER PA Violations Reports: Disciplinary
Records
Application Exercise 7.3: Educational Records, Student Injury and School Liability
Application Exercise 7.4: A Video Involved in a School Fight
Chapter 8:
Application Exercise 8.1: A Teacher’s Use of the “N” Word in Class
Application Exercise 8.2: Teachers Sharing Cell Phone Numbers with Students
Application Exercise 8.3: Teacher Freedom of Expression and Racial Epithets
Chapter 9:
Application Exercise 9.1: Employment Discrimination Lawsuit
Application Exercise 9.2: Sexual Harassment Lawsuit Against A School Principal
Application Exercise 9.3: A Teacher’s Refusal to Use a Student’s Personal
Pronoun
Chapter 10:
Application Exercise 10.1: Inappropriate Conduct: Caught in the Act
Application Exercise 10.2: Dismissal Based on Grounds of Incompetency
Application Exercise 10.3: Prohibited Speech by Teachers in Classrooms
ii
Copyright © 2026
,Chapter 11:
Application Exercise 11.1: Book Ban Demanded by School Board Member
Application Exercise 11.2: School Voucher Debate
Application Exercise 11.3: Barriers to School Attendance Involving Undocumented
Students
Chapter 12:
Application Exercise 12.1: Impact of Segregation on Black Children
Application Exercise 12.2: Complying with Equal Opportunity Challenges
Application Exercise 12.3: School Integration and a Diverse Student Body
Chapter 13:
Application Exercise 13.1: The Plight of Children Living in Poverty
Application Exercise 13.2: Impact of Adequacy and Equity Funding on Students in
Public Schools
Application Exercise 13.3: Budget Reduction in Public School Districts
iii
Copyright © 2026
, Chapter 13
Test Item File
School Law and the Public Schools:
A Practical Guide for Educational
Leaders
Seventh Edition
Nathan L. Essex
University of Memphis
, Table of Contents
Chapter 13: Public School Finance 1
Learning Objective Quizzes 1
Application Exercise 8
Test Items 16
Test Answer Key 19
v
Copyright © 2026
, Chapter 13: Public School Finance
Chapter 13 Learning Objective Quizzes
[Q1]
State support of public education is a voluntary activity by virtue of the Tenth
Amendment. Consequently, it becomes a function of the state to establish, support, and
maintain public schools. Which of the following statements are accurate:
1. The state has the inherent power to levy taxes on its citizens to support public
education. (correct)
2. The U.S. Constitution imposes an affirmative duty to the states to control public
schools.
3. State support of public schools is not a voluntary act.
4. The Federal government is not required to provide assistance to education.
[Feedback for Correct Answer 1]
This choice is correct because states have the authority to finance their public education
systems through taxation. This power is rooted in the concept of sovereignty and the
need to meet the state’s responsibility to provide public education.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 2]
This response is incorrect. Education is not mentioned in the U.S. Constitution and the
U.S. Supreme Court has held that there is no fundamental right to education in the
Constitution, thus leaving the responsibility to the states.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 3]
This option is incorrect. It is a part of the states’ responsibility to provide access to
public education. However, states have discretion regarding the manner in which it is
provided but it does not relieve them of the responsibility or obligation to do so.
[Feedback for Answer Choice 4]
This option is incorrect. The federal government is not required to provide assistance to
education. However, it does so through a variety of federally funded programs. Federal
assistance does not relieve states of their responsibility to provide education within their
boundaries.
[Q2]
Property taxation and school funding are closely intertwined at the local level in the
United States. School and local tax constitute:
1. 75% of educational expenditures
2. 80% of educational expenditures
3. 90% of educational expenditures (correct)
1
Copyright © 2026
