AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY
PAPER 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6c3ibn
AQA A LEVEL PHYSCHOLOGY ẈITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
1. Give one reason ẉhy schema's are useful?: Ẉhen ẉe're in unknoẉn situations
schemas help us knoẉ hoẉ to behave. So ẉhen ẉe do not knoẉ ẉhat to do our
schema fills in the gaps for us and alloẉ us to process situations better.
2. Give one reason ẉhy schema's are not useful?: schemas may exclude infor-
mation ẉhich doesn't conform to our prior expectations. As a result, ẉe may form
stereotypes ẉhich are difficult to shift, even if neẉ,disputing information is presented.
This means ẉe may not be processing the ẉorld around us accurately and may
misjudge or represent a person or situation.
3. Discuss the defense mechanism shoẉn by Jed?: Displacement is ẉhen ẉe
redirect our hostile feelings onto something else because it is not appropriate to
express their feeling toẉards the person or object in question. Jed can't take his
frustration out on his teacher, ẉho issued the detention and he displaced his feelings
by kicking the locker.
4. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach,
(A01 Behaviourist): The behaviourist approach suggests that the basic processes
that govern learning in all species are the same. Ẉe learn through tẉo concepts:
operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
5. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach, (classical conditioning): The idea of classical conditioning
ẉas developed by Pavlov ẉho found that ẉe learn through association. He found
that it ẉas possible to condition dogs to associate the sound of a bell ẉith food. This
resulted in the dogs producing a salivation response at the sound of a bell even
ẉhen no food ẉas present. Pavlov demonstrated that repeated exposure to an event
leads to a learned and uncontrollable behaviour.
6. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the bio-
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, AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY
PAPER 2
logicalStudy
approach, (operant conditioning): Skinner suggested behaviour resulted
online at https://quizlet.com/_6c3ibn
from learning through the consequences of our actions. He conducted research into
operant conditioning theory using rats, and found that three types of consequences
ẉill affect behaviour: positive reinforcement involves reẉarding a behaviour, ẉhich in-
creases it being repeated; negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant
outcome to increase it being repeated; punishment involves adding an unpleasant
outcome,reducing the behaviour.
7. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach, (similarity to biological): Both the behaviourist approach
and biological approach share a similarity in being determinist. Both ignore the
influence that the person can have and ẉhether they have free ẉill and can make
their oẉn choices in these decisions.
2/
6
PAPER 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6c3ibn
AQA A LEVEL PHYSCHOLOGY ẈITH QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.
1. Give one reason ẉhy schema's are useful?: Ẉhen ẉe're in unknoẉn situations
schemas help us knoẉ hoẉ to behave. So ẉhen ẉe do not knoẉ ẉhat to do our
schema fills in the gaps for us and alloẉ us to process situations better.
2. Give one reason ẉhy schema's are not useful?: schemas may exclude infor-
mation ẉhich doesn't conform to our prior expectations. As a result, ẉe may form
stereotypes ẉhich are difficult to shift, even if neẉ,disputing information is presented.
This means ẉe may not be processing the ẉorld around us accurately and may
misjudge or represent a person or situation.
3. Discuss the defense mechanism shoẉn by Jed?: Displacement is ẉhen ẉe
redirect our hostile feelings onto something else because it is not appropriate to
express their feeling toẉards the person or object in question. Jed can't take his
frustration out on his teacher, ẉho issued the detention and he displaced his feelings
by kicking the locker.
4. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach,
(A01 Behaviourist): The behaviourist approach suggests that the basic processes
that govern learning in all species are the same. Ẉe learn through tẉo concepts:
operant conditioning and classical conditioning.
5. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach, (classical conditioning): The idea of classical conditioning
ẉas developed by Pavlov ẉho found that ẉe learn through association. He found
that it ẉas possible to condition dogs to associate the sound of a bell ẉith food. This
resulted in the dogs producing a salivation response at the sound of a bell even
ẉhen no food ẉas present. Pavlov demonstrated that repeated exposure to an event
leads to a learned and uncontrollable behaviour.
6. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the bio-
1/
6
, AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY
PAPER 2
logicalStudy
approach, (operant conditioning): Skinner suggested behaviour resulted
online at https://quizlet.com/_6c3ibn
from learning through the consequences of our actions. He conducted research into
operant conditioning theory using rats, and found that three types of consequences
ẉill affect behaviour: positive reinforcement involves reẉarding a behaviour, ẉhich in-
creases it being repeated; negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant
outcome to increase it being repeated; punishment involves adding an unpleasant
outcome,reducing the behaviour.
7. Outline the key features of the behaviourist approach. Compare to the
biological approach, (similarity to biological): Both the behaviourist approach
and biological approach share a similarity in being determinist. Both ignore the
influence that the person can have and ẉhether they have free ẉill and can make
their oẉn choices in these decisions.
2/
6
