CERTIFIED SPECIALIST IN PEDIATRICS
EXAM Questions and Answers ALREADY
GRADED A+ Latest Versions 2025
8-10 month milestones - ANSWERcrawling/learning, pulls self
up to stand mashing food, moving with tongue
plays with spoon, does not bring to mouth for feeding yet can
feed self finger foods
holds cup independently
holds small food between fingers
10-12months milestones - ANSWERpulls self to stand, stands
alone, takes few steps easily feeds with fingers
drinks from straw and hold cup with 2 hands skillfull with
chewing
demands to spoon feed self bites variety of textures
exclusively breastfed infants reduced hospitalizations for -
ANSWEROtis Media GI illness
lower resp illnesses
Breastfeeding benefits for infant (12): - ANSWERresistance to
infectionGI maturity
dec overfeeding dec NEC in premies dec ear infections
dec sev and occ of diarrhea dec risk of allergies
dec SIDS dec DM dec resp inf
dec risk cancer (childhood ones) dec risk of rheu arthritis
breastfeeding benefits for mother (8): - ANSWERdelay of
fertility faster uterine involution
,dec risk of brst cancer, ovarian caner dec risk of rheu arthritis
dec cost of feedings inc maternal bonding dec DM
dec CVD
Contraindications for breastfeeding: - ANSWERGalactosemia
Human T-cell virus positive mother
mothers on radioactive isotopes
mothers exposed to radioactive materials mothers abusing
drugs
HIV infection in mom (but in developing c's, ok to BF) Active
untreated TB
Herpes if on the breast (avoid cross contamination)
For nipple pain, consider: - ANSWERapplying breastmilk after
feeding to help heal and relieve pain
need to assess feeding technique (ensure latch on areola not
nipple) changing positions frequently
pain is normal for first week of breastfeeding
For breast engorgement, consider: - ANSWERfrequent
feedings on demand can help prevent painful engorgement
cold compress between feedings to reduce swelling warm
compresses before feedings
normal for first few days of breastfeeding
express some milk manually or with pump prior to
breastfeeding to relieve pressure
For Clogged milk duct, consider: - ANSWERwarm compresses
several times per day need to continue to breastfeed to empty
breast as much as possible with each feeding (clogged duct
breast first!)massage breast or do different feeding positions to
,help facilitate drainage of milk avoid tight clothing
For jaundice related to breastfeeding, consider: -
ANSWERearly and frequent feedings to facilitate milk supply
and stimulate gut motility thus decreasing the absorption of
bilirubin
For poor milk supply consider: - ANSWERbreastfeeding
frequently on demand to stimulate increased production
adequate rest
address other issues (ie engorgement, poor latch) empty
breasts completely at each feeding !!
Infant suckling stimulates production of , which milk
production and release of
which is responsible for - ANSWERprolactin; increases;
oxytocin; milk release
When breastfeeding, for separation from baby, consider: -
ANSWERexpress milk frequently to maintain supply (hand or
pump)
insurance companies should cover breast pump (or WIC if
qualifies)
Human milk should adequately met needs of an infant at
mL/kg/day - ANSWER150-180mL/kg/day
milk is considered higher calorie than milk -
ANSWERhind milk, foremilk
Human milk can be stored at room temp for ; if room
, temp is lower & clean expression, can be stored for .-
ANSWER3-4 hours; 6-8 hours
Human milk can be stored in insulated cooler bag with ice pack
for - ANSWER24 hours
Human milk can be stored in refrigerator for ; acceptable for
if using clean expression technique. - ANSWER96 hours;
5-8 days
Human milk can be stored in freezer for ideally; acceptable for
, though quality may decrease. - ANSWER6 months; 12
months
For hospitalized infants, a human milk can be stored in home
unit freezer for
. - ANSWER3 months
For hospitalized infants, a human milk can be stored in -20c
freezer for
. -70c freezer for . - ANSWER6-12months; 12+months
For hospitalized infants, a FRESH human milk can be stored in
fridge for
. - ANSWER96 hours
For hospitalized infants, a THAWED & FORTIFIED human milk
can be stored in fridge for . - ANSWER24 hours
For hospitalized infants, a THAWED & PASTEURIZED
DONOR human milk can be stored in fridge for . -
EXAM Questions and Answers ALREADY
GRADED A+ Latest Versions 2025
8-10 month milestones - ANSWERcrawling/learning, pulls self
up to stand mashing food, moving with tongue
plays with spoon, does not bring to mouth for feeding yet can
feed self finger foods
holds cup independently
holds small food between fingers
10-12months milestones - ANSWERpulls self to stand, stands
alone, takes few steps easily feeds with fingers
drinks from straw and hold cup with 2 hands skillfull with
chewing
demands to spoon feed self bites variety of textures
exclusively breastfed infants reduced hospitalizations for -
ANSWEROtis Media GI illness
lower resp illnesses
Breastfeeding benefits for infant (12): - ANSWERresistance to
infectionGI maturity
dec overfeeding dec NEC in premies dec ear infections
dec sev and occ of diarrhea dec risk of allergies
dec SIDS dec DM dec resp inf
dec risk cancer (childhood ones) dec risk of rheu arthritis
breastfeeding benefits for mother (8): - ANSWERdelay of
fertility faster uterine involution
,dec risk of brst cancer, ovarian caner dec risk of rheu arthritis
dec cost of feedings inc maternal bonding dec DM
dec CVD
Contraindications for breastfeeding: - ANSWERGalactosemia
Human T-cell virus positive mother
mothers on radioactive isotopes
mothers exposed to radioactive materials mothers abusing
drugs
HIV infection in mom (but in developing c's, ok to BF) Active
untreated TB
Herpes if on the breast (avoid cross contamination)
For nipple pain, consider: - ANSWERapplying breastmilk after
feeding to help heal and relieve pain
need to assess feeding technique (ensure latch on areola not
nipple) changing positions frequently
pain is normal for first week of breastfeeding
For breast engorgement, consider: - ANSWERfrequent
feedings on demand can help prevent painful engorgement
cold compress between feedings to reduce swelling warm
compresses before feedings
normal for first few days of breastfeeding
express some milk manually or with pump prior to
breastfeeding to relieve pressure
For Clogged milk duct, consider: - ANSWERwarm compresses
several times per day need to continue to breastfeed to empty
breast as much as possible with each feeding (clogged duct
breast first!)massage breast or do different feeding positions to
,help facilitate drainage of milk avoid tight clothing
For jaundice related to breastfeeding, consider: -
ANSWERearly and frequent feedings to facilitate milk supply
and stimulate gut motility thus decreasing the absorption of
bilirubin
For poor milk supply consider: - ANSWERbreastfeeding
frequently on demand to stimulate increased production
adequate rest
address other issues (ie engorgement, poor latch) empty
breasts completely at each feeding !!
Infant suckling stimulates production of , which milk
production and release of
which is responsible for - ANSWERprolactin; increases;
oxytocin; milk release
When breastfeeding, for separation from baby, consider: -
ANSWERexpress milk frequently to maintain supply (hand or
pump)
insurance companies should cover breast pump (or WIC if
qualifies)
Human milk should adequately met needs of an infant at
mL/kg/day - ANSWER150-180mL/kg/day
milk is considered higher calorie than milk -
ANSWERhind milk, foremilk
Human milk can be stored at room temp for ; if room
, temp is lower & clean expression, can be stored for .-
ANSWER3-4 hours; 6-8 hours
Human milk can be stored in insulated cooler bag with ice pack
for - ANSWER24 hours
Human milk can be stored in refrigerator for ; acceptable for
if using clean expression technique. - ANSWER96 hours;
5-8 days
Human milk can be stored in freezer for ideally; acceptable for
, though quality may decrease. - ANSWER6 months; 12
months
For hospitalized infants, a human milk can be stored in home
unit freezer for
. - ANSWER3 months
For hospitalized infants, a human milk can be stored in -20c
freezer for
. -70c freezer for . - ANSWER6-12months; 12+months
For hospitalized infants, a FRESH human milk can be stored in
fridge for
. - ANSWER96 hours
For hospitalized infants, a THAWED & FORTIFIED human milk
can be stored in fridge for . - ANSWER24 hours
For hospitalized infants, a THAWED & PASTEURIZED
DONOR human milk can be stored in fridge for . -
