NUR 265 Exam 1 | Advanced Concepts of
Medical - Surgical Nursing Exam 1 |
Questions and Verified Answers Rated A+ |
2025/2026 Guide
What is treatment for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Depends on what the cause is, if immune give
steroids. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance; daily weights, strict I and
O's and abdominal girth measuring.
What are the medications given for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Furosemide and bumetanide with albumin, plasma,
and dextran. Anticoagulation to prevent renal vein thrombosis such as
Enoxaparin. ACE inhibitors to decrease protein loss in urine. Cholesterol
lowering drugs.
What is the diet and restrictions for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Sodium and Potassium restriction if labs warrant.
Restrict protein intake to 1 to 1.5 g/kg/day with high calorie diet to
prevent further protein breakdown, but give enough to maintain muscle
health.
What are the risks of Nephrotic syndrome?
, - Correct Answer - Increased risk for infection and slowed wound
healing due to protein deficit. Osteomalacia because body takes calcium
from bones because calcium is bound to albumin, so it is decreased too.
What is the pathology of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Rapid reduction in kidney function resulting in failure
to maintain fluid and electrolyte and acid base balance.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Pre-renal?
- Correct Answer - Most common cause. Decreased blood flow to kidney
with decreased GFR. Hypovolemia, AMI, hypotension, vasodilation, and
renal artery obstruction such as a clot.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Intra-renal?
- Correct Answer - Direct kidney damage, usually the tubules from
nephrotoxic substances. Antibiotics, heavy metals, poisons, contrast
dye, some analgesics, NSAIDS, and chemo. Car accident, infection in
kidney such as pyelonephritis, lupus, and cancer. Damaged muscle can
release heme and myoglobin, can cause tubule damage such as
rhabdomyolysis. Urine turns brown after traumatic kidney injury.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Post-renal?
- Correct Answer - Backward pressure on kidney from obstruction
somewhere in lower urinary system. Bladder, cervical, colon or prostate
cancer; enlarged prostate such as hypertrophy; kidney stones, and blood
clots in urinary tract.
What is the pathophysiology of Nephrotic syndrome?
Medical - Surgical Nursing Exam 1 |
Questions and Verified Answers Rated A+ |
2025/2026 Guide
What is treatment for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Depends on what the cause is, if immune give
steroids. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance; daily weights, strict I and
O's and abdominal girth measuring.
What are the medications given for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Furosemide and bumetanide with albumin, plasma,
and dextran. Anticoagulation to prevent renal vein thrombosis such as
Enoxaparin. ACE inhibitors to decrease protein loss in urine. Cholesterol
lowering drugs.
What is the diet and restrictions for Nephrotic syndrome?
- Correct Answer - Sodium and Potassium restriction if labs warrant.
Restrict protein intake to 1 to 1.5 g/kg/day with high calorie diet to
prevent further protein breakdown, but give enough to maintain muscle
health.
What are the risks of Nephrotic syndrome?
, - Correct Answer - Increased risk for infection and slowed wound
healing due to protein deficit. Osteomalacia because body takes calcium
from bones because calcium is bound to albumin, so it is decreased too.
What is the pathology of Acute Kidney Injury?
- Correct Answer - Rapid reduction in kidney function resulting in failure
to maintain fluid and electrolyte and acid base balance.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Pre-renal?
- Correct Answer - Most common cause. Decreased blood flow to kidney
with decreased GFR. Hypovolemia, AMI, hypotension, vasodilation, and
renal artery obstruction such as a clot.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Intra-renal?
- Correct Answer - Direct kidney damage, usually the tubules from
nephrotoxic substances. Antibiotics, heavy metals, poisons, contrast
dye, some analgesics, NSAIDS, and chemo. Car accident, infection in
kidney such as pyelonephritis, lupus, and cancer. Damaged muscle can
release heme and myoglobin, can cause tubule damage such as
rhabdomyolysis. Urine turns brown after traumatic kidney injury.
What is the etiology of Acute Kidney Injury Post-renal?
- Correct Answer - Backward pressure on kidney from obstruction
somewhere in lower urinary system. Bladder, cervical, colon or prostate
cancer; enlarged prostate such as hypertrophy; kidney stones, and blood
clots in urinary tract.
What is the pathophysiology of Nephrotic syndrome?
