Below is a sample revision test set—with multiple‐choice questions and detailed
rationales—designed to help reinforce key concepts in burn injury nursing
management. These questions (and explanations) cover assessment, fluid
management, wound care, complications, and overall nursing priorities. While
these questions are original and intended for revision purposes, they reflect
current best practices and guidelines updated as of 2022.
Revision Test: Burn Injury Nursing Management (Part 5 Updated 2022)
Question 1
A 35-year-old patient presents with 35% total body surface area (TBSA) burns after a house fire. Which
of the following formulas is most commonly used to calculate the fluid resuscitation volume in the first
24 hours?
A. Brooke formula
B. Parkland formula
C. Modified Brooke formula
D. Evans formula
Correct Answer: B. Parkland formula
Rationale:
The Parkland formula is the most widely used method for calculating fluid requirements in burn
patients. It prescribes 4 mL × body weight (kg) × %TBSA burned, with half given in the first 8 hours and
the remaining half over the next 16 hours. Understanding this formula is crucial to preventing
hypovolemia and ensuring adequate tissue perfusion during the acute phase.
Question 2
During the primary survey of a burn patient, what is the first priority when managing suspected
inhalation injury?
A. Establishing IV access
B. Insertion of a Foley catheter
C. Securing the airway
D. Initiating fluid resuscitation
Correct Answer: C. Securing the airway
Rationale:
Inhalation injuries can lead to airway edema and compromise. Securing the airway—often via early
intubation—is the top priority in the management of burn patients with suspected inhalation injury.
Early airway management prevents potential respiratory failure.
, Question 3
Which layer of the skin is primarily affected in a superficial (first-degree) burn?
A. Epidermis
B. Dermis
C. Subcutaneous tissue
D. Fascia
Correct Answer: A. Epidermis
Rationale:
Superficial burns involve only the epidermis. These burns typically present with redness and pain but do
not usually blister. Accurate identification of burn depth is essential for determining appropriate
treatment and expected healing time.
Question 4
A patient with extensive burns is at high risk for infection. What is the best nursing intervention to
reduce this risk?
A. Prophylactic systemic antibiotics
B. Early excision and grafting
C. Strict aseptic technique during dressing changes
D. Routine wound debridement by the nurse
Correct Answer: C. Strict aseptic technique during dressing changes
Rationale:
Infection prevention in burn patients centers on meticulous wound care. Strict aseptic technique during
dressing changes is essential. Although early excision and grafting are part of surgical management, the
nurse’s role is to maintain an aseptic environment and monitor for signs of infection. Prophylactic
antibiotics are generally not recommended unless there is clear evidence of infection.
Question 5
When monitoring fluid resuscitation in burn patients, which of the following is the most reliable
indicator of adequate perfusion?
A. Urine output
B. Blood pressure
C. Heart rate
D. Central venous pressure
Correct Answer: A. Urine output
Rationale:
Urine output is considered the best clinical indicator of adequate tissue perfusion during burn
resuscitation. A target of approximately 0.5–1 mL/kg/hr for adults is typically used. It provides
rationales—designed to help reinforce key concepts in burn injury nursing
management. These questions (and explanations) cover assessment, fluid
management, wound care, complications, and overall nursing priorities. While
these questions are original and intended for revision purposes, they reflect
current best practices and guidelines updated as of 2022.
Revision Test: Burn Injury Nursing Management (Part 5 Updated 2022)
Question 1
A 35-year-old patient presents with 35% total body surface area (TBSA) burns after a house fire. Which
of the following formulas is most commonly used to calculate the fluid resuscitation volume in the first
24 hours?
A. Brooke formula
B. Parkland formula
C. Modified Brooke formula
D. Evans formula
Correct Answer: B. Parkland formula
Rationale:
The Parkland formula is the most widely used method for calculating fluid requirements in burn
patients. It prescribes 4 mL × body weight (kg) × %TBSA burned, with half given in the first 8 hours and
the remaining half over the next 16 hours. Understanding this formula is crucial to preventing
hypovolemia and ensuring adequate tissue perfusion during the acute phase.
Question 2
During the primary survey of a burn patient, what is the first priority when managing suspected
inhalation injury?
A. Establishing IV access
B. Insertion of a Foley catheter
C. Securing the airway
D. Initiating fluid resuscitation
Correct Answer: C. Securing the airway
Rationale:
Inhalation injuries can lead to airway edema and compromise. Securing the airway—often via early
intubation—is the top priority in the management of burn patients with suspected inhalation injury.
Early airway management prevents potential respiratory failure.
, Question 3
Which layer of the skin is primarily affected in a superficial (first-degree) burn?
A. Epidermis
B. Dermis
C. Subcutaneous tissue
D. Fascia
Correct Answer: A. Epidermis
Rationale:
Superficial burns involve only the epidermis. These burns typically present with redness and pain but do
not usually blister. Accurate identification of burn depth is essential for determining appropriate
treatment and expected healing time.
Question 4
A patient with extensive burns is at high risk for infection. What is the best nursing intervention to
reduce this risk?
A. Prophylactic systemic antibiotics
B. Early excision and grafting
C. Strict aseptic technique during dressing changes
D. Routine wound debridement by the nurse
Correct Answer: C. Strict aseptic technique during dressing changes
Rationale:
Infection prevention in burn patients centers on meticulous wound care. Strict aseptic technique during
dressing changes is essential. Although early excision and grafting are part of surgical management, the
nurse’s role is to maintain an aseptic environment and monitor for signs of infection. Prophylactic
antibiotics are generally not recommended unless there is clear evidence of infection.
Question 5
When monitoring fluid resuscitation in burn patients, which of the following is the most reliable
indicator of adequate perfusion?
A. Urine output
B. Blood pressure
C. Heart rate
D. Central venous pressure
Correct Answer: A. Urine output
Rationale:
Urine output is considered the best clinical indicator of adequate tissue perfusion during burn
resuscitation. A target of approximately 0.5–1 mL/kg/hr for adults is typically used. It provides
