Exam
MED -SURG HESI PN LATEST EXAM 2025 WITH
MULTIPLE CHOICE OF QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL
CORRECT ANSWERS
A 70-year-old client status post hip replacement is transferred to a rehabilitation facility. Which scale
should the practical nurse (PN) identify as the best tool to predict the client's risk for developing skin
breakdown?
a. Braden Scale
b. Morse Scale
c. Aldrete Scale
d. Wong-Baker Face Scale - answer-a. Braden Scale
A client diagnosed with ovarian cancer has just been informed that their cancer has metastasized to
their liver. The client is quietly crying in their room. Which statement is appropriate for the practical
nurse to say?
a. I know many females who have survived ovarian cancer.
b. Let's talk about the treatments of ovarian cancer.
c. In my opinion, I would suggest getting a second opinion.
d. Tell me about what you are feeling right now. - answer-d. Tell me about what you are feeling right
now.
The most appropriate response and therapeutic action is for the nurse to be an active listener and to
encourage the client to explore their feelings.
,A client diagnosed with prostate cancer is prescribed radioactive seed implantation (brachytherapy).
What is the most important nursing action for the practical nurse (PN) to do?
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
b. Encourage regular meals
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
d. Avoid touching the client. - answer-a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
Clients being treated for prostate cancer with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds implant) should be
placed on radiation exposure precautions. The PN needs to follow the institution's protocols put in
place regarding the amount of time and distance needed to prevent excessive exposure that would
pose a hazard to others.
A client diagnosed with status asthmaticus is admitted to the unit. Which breath sounds would the
practical nurse anticipate to hear when auscultating the client's lungs?
a. Fine crackles
b. Wheezes
c. Course crackles
d. Stridor - answer-B. Wheezes
The Braden Scale is made up of six subscales: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction and shear. A hospitalized adult with a score 16 or below or an older adult with
a score of 18 or below is at an increased risk for skin breakdown.
A client comes to the clinic and reports the presence of a painful lesion in the genital area; they
described it as a blister 2 days earlier that is now crusty. Which intervention should the practical
nurse (PN) implement first?
a. Ask the client if they have had unprotected sex.
b. Prepare the client for a culture and sensitivity test of the lesion.
,c. Inform the client this occurrence will have to be reported to the public health department.
d. Prepare to administer penicillin intramuscularly into the dorsogluteal area. - answer-a. Ask the
client if they have had unprotected sex.
Rationale:
These are typical signs and symptoms of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2), a sexually transmitted
disease (STD), so the PN should ask the client if they had unprotected sex and if the client has
exposed others to the disease.
A client demonstrated pupillary constriction when a pen light was shined in their eyes. Which
nursing action should the practical nurse perform?
a. Report the finding to the health care provider.
b. Record the finding on the assessment notes.
c. Assess blood pressure to rule out hypertension.
d. Record that the client has poor vision. - answer-b. Record the finding on the assessment notes.
Pupillary constriction to light is a normal finding and should be documented in the assessment notes.
d. Has abnormal flexion or extension of (L) arm. - answer-c. Answers questions, but is confused.
Rationale:
Confusion following a head injury is usually the first sign of increased intracranial pressure.
A client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis is admitted to the unit and is prescribed neuro checks
every 2 hours. Which manifestation would the practical nurse monitor for that would provide the
first indication of altered neurological function?
a. Change in level of consciousness
b. Increasing muscular weakness
c. Changes in pupil size bilaterally
d. Progressive nuchal rigidity - answer-a. Change in level of consciousness
, A decrease or change in the level of consciousness is usually the first indication of neurological
deterioration.
A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complains to the practical nurse of
extreme fatigue after coughing. Which self-care measures can help minimize the client's dyspnea?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Assume a sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees flexed.
b. Support forearms with a pillow and place both feet flat on the floor.
c. Slightly drop the head, bend forward, and slowly exhale with pursed lips.
d. Resume sitting up straight, using diaphragmatic breathing to inhale slowly and deeply.
e. Repeat inhaling deeply and slowly with pursed lips while bending forward only once.
f. Repeat exhaling and wait for the cough reflex to facilitate movement of the secretions.
g. After coughing, inhale deeply from abdomen and cough three or four times while exhaling. -
answer-a. Assume a sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees flexed.
b. Support forearms with a pillow and place both feet flat on the floor.
c. Slightly drop the head, bend forward, and slowly exhale with pursed lips.
d. Resume sitting up straight, using diaphragmatic breathing to inhale slowly and deeply.
Effective coughing can help the client to cough secretions, therefore improving gas exchange and
minimize fatigue. The client should assume the sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees
flexed. Their forearms should be supported with a pillow and both feet place flat on the floor. The
client should slightly drop their head, bent forward, and slowly exhale through pursed lips using slow
and deep diaphragmatic breathing to help facilitate effective coughing. The client should repeat the
previous steps two or three times. The client should initiate the cough reflex, not wait for it. The
client should also take a deep abdominal breath before initiating a cough.
A client diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy has a nonhealing ulcer on the lateral aspect of their
right (R) foot. Which question should the practical nurse (PN) ask to gather objective data for the
development of a diabetic foot care teaching plan?
a. Ask the client how they examine their feet.
b. Ask which hypoglycemic medication they take.
c. Ask to look at the pair of shoes they wear.
MED -SURG HESI PN LATEST EXAM 2025 WITH
MULTIPLE CHOICE OF QUESTIONS AND ACTUAL
CORRECT ANSWERS
A 70-year-old client status post hip replacement is transferred to a rehabilitation facility. Which scale
should the practical nurse (PN) identify as the best tool to predict the client's risk for developing skin
breakdown?
a. Braden Scale
b. Morse Scale
c. Aldrete Scale
d. Wong-Baker Face Scale - answer-a. Braden Scale
A client diagnosed with ovarian cancer has just been informed that their cancer has metastasized to
their liver. The client is quietly crying in their room. Which statement is appropriate for the practical
nurse to say?
a. I know many females who have survived ovarian cancer.
b. Let's talk about the treatments of ovarian cancer.
c. In my opinion, I would suggest getting a second opinion.
d. Tell me about what you are feeling right now. - answer-d. Tell me about what you are feeling right
now.
The most appropriate response and therapeutic action is for the nurse to be an active listener and to
encourage the client to explore their feelings.
,A client diagnosed with prostate cancer is prescribed radioactive seed implantation (brachytherapy).
What is the most important nursing action for the practical nurse (PN) to do?
a. Follow radiation exposure precautions
b. Encourage regular meals
c. Collect all urine in sealed containers
d. Avoid touching the client. - answer-a. Follow radiation exposure precautions.
Clients being treated for prostate cancer with brachytherapy (radioactive seeds implant) should be
placed on radiation exposure precautions. The PN needs to follow the institution's protocols put in
place regarding the amount of time and distance needed to prevent excessive exposure that would
pose a hazard to others.
A client diagnosed with status asthmaticus is admitted to the unit. Which breath sounds would the
practical nurse anticipate to hear when auscultating the client's lungs?
a. Fine crackles
b. Wheezes
c. Course crackles
d. Stridor - answer-B. Wheezes
The Braden Scale is made up of six subscales: sensory perception, moisture, activity, mobility,
nutrition, and friction and shear. A hospitalized adult with a score 16 or below or an older adult with
a score of 18 or below is at an increased risk for skin breakdown.
A client comes to the clinic and reports the presence of a painful lesion in the genital area; they
described it as a blister 2 days earlier that is now crusty. Which intervention should the practical
nurse (PN) implement first?
a. Ask the client if they have had unprotected sex.
b. Prepare the client for a culture and sensitivity test of the lesion.
,c. Inform the client this occurrence will have to be reported to the public health department.
d. Prepare to administer penicillin intramuscularly into the dorsogluteal area. - answer-a. Ask the
client if they have had unprotected sex.
Rationale:
These are typical signs and symptoms of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2), a sexually transmitted
disease (STD), so the PN should ask the client if they had unprotected sex and if the client has
exposed others to the disease.
A client demonstrated pupillary constriction when a pen light was shined in their eyes. Which
nursing action should the practical nurse perform?
a. Report the finding to the health care provider.
b. Record the finding on the assessment notes.
c. Assess blood pressure to rule out hypertension.
d. Record that the client has poor vision. - answer-b. Record the finding on the assessment notes.
Pupillary constriction to light is a normal finding and should be documented in the assessment notes.
d. Has abnormal flexion or extension of (L) arm. - answer-c. Answers questions, but is confused.
Rationale:
Confusion following a head injury is usually the first sign of increased intracranial pressure.
A client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis is admitted to the unit and is prescribed neuro checks
every 2 hours. Which manifestation would the practical nurse monitor for that would provide the
first indication of altered neurological function?
a. Change in level of consciousness
b. Increasing muscular weakness
c. Changes in pupil size bilaterally
d. Progressive nuchal rigidity - answer-a. Change in level of consciousness
, A decrease or change in the level of consciousness is usually the first indication of neurological
deterioration.
A client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complains to the practical nurse of
extreme fatigue after coughing. Which self-care measures can help minimize the client's dyspnea?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Assume a sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees flexed.
b. Support forearms with a pillow and place both feet flat on the floor.
c. Slightly drop the head, bend forward, and slowly exhale with pursed lips.
d. Resume sitting up straight, using diaphragmatic breathing to inhale slowly and deeply.
e. Repeat inhaling deeply and slowly with pursed lips while bending forward only once.
f. Repeat exhaling and wait for the cough reflex to facilitate movement of the secretions.
g. After coughing, inhale deeply from abdomen and cough three or four times while exhaling. -
answer-a. Assume a sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees flexed.
b. Support forearms with a pillow and place both feet flat on the floor.
c. Slightly drop the head, bend forward, and slowly exhale with pursed lips.
d. Resume sitting up straight, using diaphragmatic breathing to inhale slowly and deeply.
Effective coughing can help the client to cough secretions, therefore improving gas exchange and
minimize fatigue. The client should assume the sitting position with shoulders relaxed and knees
flexed. Their forearms should be supported with a pillow and both feet place flat on the floor. The
client should slightly drop their head, bent forward, and slowly exhale through pursed lips using slow
and deep diaphragmatic breathing to help facilitate effective coughing. The client should repeat the
previous steps two or three times. The client should initiate the cough reflex, not wait for it. The
client should also take a deep abdominal breath before initiating a cough.
A client diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy has a nonhealing ulcer on the lateral aspect of their
right (R) foot. Which question should the practical nurse (PN) ask to gather objective data for the
development of a diabetic foot care teaching plan?
a. Ask the client how they examine their feet.
b. Ask which hypoglycemic medication they take.
c. Ask to look at the pair of shoes they wear.
