Microbiology and Parasitology Laboratory P1
EXAM|Questions and Answers|2025
Update|100% Correct
When was the term microbiology first used - answer-1860s
What four areas of study are encompassed by clinical microbiology - answer-Viruses, fungi, bacteria,
and parasites
What is the difference between a pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen - answer-Pathogen: a
bacteria capable of causing a disease
Opportunistic pathogen: microorganisms that invade the body and cause illness only when the
body's immune defense are impaired or absent
How do bacterial pathogens cause host damage - answer-The damage is caused by bacterial growth
in tissues or y the toxins bacteria produce
What are the morphological types of bacteria - answer-Coccus, bacillus, and spirochete
What are the morphological forms of fungi - answer-Molds and yeast
What is a gram stain? - answer-A test that uses a series of stains to differentiate the composition of
their cell walls
Gram positive- violet (retain the crystal violet stain)
Gram negative- pink (lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin)
, What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria - answer-Aerobic bacteria grow in
the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria grow in the absence or decreased levels of oxygen
How are viruses different from microorganisms? Name 3 viral diseases - answer-Viruses are not
living cells, and can only replicate by invading a cell, viruses can only contain either a DNA or RNA
not both
Epstein-Barr virus (mono), rubella, rhinoviruses
What type of specimen is used to detect malaria and giardia - answer-Malaria requires blood
specimen
Giardia requires fecal specimen
Five methods used to help identify bacteria - answer-microscopic morphology- coccus, bacillus,
spirochete
colony morphology- how the colony grows on the plate
reactions with Gram stain and other stains,
biochemical reactions,
gene probes
antibody reactions- antibiotic susceptibility testing
antibiotic susceptibility testing - answer-can be routine like strep
only works for bacteria
finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to inhibit the bacterial growth
fastidious bacteria - answer-bacteria that require special nutritional factors to survive
immunoassay - answer-a diagnostic method using antigen-antibody reactions
EXAM|Questions and Answers|2025
Update|100% Correct
When was the term microbiology first used - answer-1860s
What four areas of study are encompassed by clinical microbiology - answer-Viruses, fungi, bacteria,
and parasites
What is the difference between a pathogen and an opportunistic pathogen - answer-Pathogen: a
bacteria capable of causing a disease
Opportunistic pathogen: microorganisms that invade the body and cause illness only when the
body's immune defense are impaired or absent
How do bacterial pathogens cause host damage - answer-The damage is caused by bacterial growth
in tissues or y the toxins bacteria produce
What are the morphological types of bacteria - answer-Coccus, bacillus, and spirochete
What are the morphological forms of fungi - answer-Molds and yeast
What is a gram stain? - answer-A test that uses a series of stains to differentiate the composition of
their cell walls
Gram positive- violet (retain the crystal violet stain)
Gram negative- pink (lose the crystal violet and retain the safranin)
, What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria - answer-Aerobic bacteria grow in
the presence of oxygen
Anaerobic bacteria grow in the absence or decreased levels of oxygen
How are viruses different from microorganisms? Name 3 viral diseases - answer-Viruses are not
living cells, and can only replicate by invading a cell, viruses can only contain either a DNA or RNA
not both
Epstein-Barr virus (mono), rubella, rhinoviruses
What type of specimen is used to detect malaria and giardia - answer-Malaria requires blood
specimen
Giardia requires fecal specimen
Five methods used to help identify bacteria - answer-microscopic morphology- coccus, bacillus,
spirochete
colony morphology- how the colony grows on the plate
reactions with Gram stain and other stains,
biochemical reactions,
gene probes
antibody reactions- antibiotic susceptibility testing
antibiotic susceptibility testing - answer-can be routine like strep
only works for bacteria
finding the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to inhibit the bacterial growth
fastidious bacteria - answer-bacteria that require special nutritional factors to survive
immunoassay - answer-a diagnostic method using antigen-antibody reactions
