EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Kairos - ANSWERright moment in time to make a speech. Gorgias says it's not only a
matter of saying things at the right moment but saying the right things at the right
moment.
To Prepon - ANSWERto be appropriate. Doing what is proper; making vocabulary,
subject matter, etc, appropriate for the given audience. Conforming to their social norms
to ensure the message is taken well. Defined by Aristotle.
Relativism - ANSWERvery similar to skepticism; the idea that views care relative to
differences in perception and consideration. They believed that there were no absolute
truths, that someone's perceived truth was simply relative to his beliefs and values. The
sophists identified with individual relativism.
Empiricism - ANSWERthe belief that one's knowledge and understanding of the world is
based one one's own individual experiences. Our learning is based on observations and
knowledge is not possible without experiences.
Antithesis - ANSWERmeans the opposite. In this style, two opposing ideas are put
together to contrast each other. It emphasizes the idea of contrast by putting connected
yet opposite phrases together. Usually some type of parallel structure. Defined by
Aristotle.
Separation of chorus and actors in greek drama - ANSWERin drama the chorus would
make comments about what is being said by the actors allowing for contracting
speeches and arguments. The actors give an opportunity for characterization.
Discussed by Aristotle.
Arete - ANSWERmeans moral virtue, excellence, living up to your full potential.
Possessing or demonstrating arete means you are fulfilling your purpose in life and
being the best version of yourself you can be in your mind, body, and soul. Discussed
by Plato.
, Apagogic Method - ANSWERMethod of argument in which one lays out the absurdity of
the opposing sides arguments in effort to disprove them and take away their credibility.
Discussed by Gorgias.
Realism - ANSWERAn understanding of how the world really is; seen through an
unbiased, untainted point of view. A view of life in a true, accurate way, unclouded by
ridiculous ideals and unrealistic beautification of the world. Discussed by Aristotle.
Demos - ANSWERconsidered to be the name of the group that was the greek common
people. Free citizens among Athens and the states, consider to also be associated with
politics. Created by Aristotle.
Syracuse - ANSWERthe place where forensic rhetoric was born
Dialectic - ANSWERinvolves depositing two things on each pole and arguing the latter.
Dialecticians ask the questions and give logical analysis. Always start with a common
opinion. Socrates was a dialectician.
Verisimilitude - ANSWERamount to which a text/speech is realistic and believable. No
matter the absurdity, the audience must be able to have a good enough image of
something that they can be willing to believe it could actually happen. Taught by
Aristotle.
Eulogy - ANSWERmeans to praise someone or something. A way to express one's
feelings towards someone or something, in a form of tribute to that person/thing.
Ethos - ANSWERRepresents credibility, and ethical appeal. It shows the audience that
the speaker or writer can be trusted. Created by Aristotle.
Pathos - ANSWERrefers to the emotional appeal of an argument. One can convince
another of something by stirring up emotions like empathy, sympathy, or pity. Usually
used in an effort to pick on specific experiences of certain people, fo example if a
pregnant woman is in a case about a child appealing to those emotions can help sway
her in the child's favor. Created by Aristotle.
Funeral Oration - ANSWERa long speech that is performed at a funeral, usually
mourning the death of people. Exemplified by Pericles.
Resemblance (& appearance) - ANSWERThe perception of what someone sees and
their interpretation of it. This interpretation is based solely on appearance or similarity to
something they have seen before. Not always accurate as one can think a coyote
resembles a dog yet they are in fact extremely different. Taught by Aristotle.
Pisteis - ANSWERthe means of persuasion. Known better as artistic and inartistic
proofs. Used by Aristotle.