NAME RUTH DINGWIZA
REG NUMBER R2110153
MODLULE CODE HPBM
ASSIGMENT 1.
, Q Describe the different types of derived cellulose and their uses.
Among the biomaterials, cellulose is the most abundant, cheap, sustainable, chemical reactive,
and codifiable natural macromolecular compound on the Earth. It is a carbohydrate
homopolymer, which is composed of repeating long linear chains of β-anhydro-D-glucopyranose
units linked together by an ether bond between the -OH group of C4 and the C1 carbon atom via
a β-1,4-glycosidic bond (Choi et, al 2022).Chemical structure of cellulose and different sources
of native cellulose (from agricultural and industrial wastes) and bacterial cellulose (BC). Native
cellulose can be mainly classified into plant-derived and bacterial-derived cellulose (BC)
(Dunlop, et, al 2020).
Cellulose derivatives are semi-synthetic, highly water-soluble biopolymers, have high
biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity properties and a thermo-
gelling behaviour. (Dunlop, et, al 2020).In addition, cellulose derivatives can absorb and retain
many wound exudates within the interstitial sites of the matrixes, maintaining an optimal local
moisture at the lesion site to avoid skin tissue water loss and tissue necrosis. Therefore, they
represent a good alternative to water-insoluble cellulose ( Hasanin, 2022).
Cellulose acetate was developed in the late 19th century as part of an effort to design industrially
produced fibres based on cellulose. Cellulose acetate is a synthetic compound derived from the
acetylation of the plant substance cellulose. In unaltered cellulose, the OH groups form strong
hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules, with the result that cellulose structures cannot be
loosened by heat or solvents without causing chemical decomposition. However, upon
acetylation, the hydrogen in the hydroxyl groups is replaced by acetyl groups (CH3-CO) (Choi
et, al 2022).The resultant cellulose acetate compound can be dissolved in certain solvents or
softened or melted under heat, allowing the material to be spun into fibers, molded into solid
objects, or cast as a film. Cellulose acetate is spun into textile fibres known variously as acetate
rayon, acetate, or triacetate. It can also be molded into solid plastic parts such as tool handles or
cast into film for photography or food wrapping, though its use in these applications has
diminished ( Hasanin, 2022)
Cellulose acetate became widely used in the automotive industry because of its mechanical
strength, toughness, wear resistance, transparency, and ease of moldability. Its high resistance to
REG NUMBER R2110153
MODLULE CODE HPBM
ASSIGMENT 1.
, Q Describe the different types of derived cellulose and their uses.
Among the biomaterials, cellulose is the most abundant, cheap, sustainable, chemical reactive,
and codifiable natural macromolecular compound on the Earth. It is a carbohydrate
homopolymer, which is composed of repeating long linear chains of β-anhydro-D-glucopyranose
units linked together by an ether bond between the -OH group of C4 and the C1 carbon atom via
a β-1,4-glycosidic bond (Choi et, al 2022).Chemical structure of cellulose and different sources
of native cellulose (from agricultural and industrial wastes) and bacterial cellulose (BC). Native
cellulose can be mainly classified into plant-derived and bacterial-derived cellulose (BC)
(Dunlop, et, al 2020).
Cellulose derivatives are semi-synthetic, highly water-soluble biopolymers, have high
biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, non-immunogenicity properties and a thermo-
gelling behaviour. (Dunlop, et, al 2020).In addition, cellulose derivatives can absorb and retain
many wound exudates within the interstitial sites of the matrixes, maintaining an optimal local
moisture at the lesion site to avoid skin tissue water loss and tissue necrosis. Therefore, they
represent a good alternative to water-insoluble cellulose ( Hasanin, 2022).
Cellulose acetate was developed in the late 19th century as part of an effort to design industrially
produced fibres based on cellulose. Cellulose acetate is a synthetic compound derived from the
acetylation of the plant substance cellulose. In unaltered cellulose, the OH groups form strong
hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules, with the result that cellulose structures cannot be
loosened by heat or solvents without causing chemical decomposition. However, upon
acetylation, the hydrogen in the hydroxyl groups is replaced by acetyl groups (CH3-CO) (Choi
et, al 2022).The resultant cellulose acetate compound can be dissolved in certain solvents or
softened or melted under heat, allowing the material to be spun into fibers, molded into solid
objects, or cast as a film. Cellulose acetate is spun into textile fibres known variously as acetate
rayon, acetate, or triacetate. It can also be molded into solid plastic parts such as tool handles or
cast into film for photography or food wrapping, though its use in these applications has
diminished ( Hasanin, 2022)
Cellulose acetate became widely used in the automotive industry because of its mechanical
strength, toughness, wear resistance, transparency, and ease of moldability. Its high resistance to
