NR 224 | NR224 Fundamentals Final
Review Exam | 100% Correctly Answered
and Graded A+ | 2025/2026 Guide |
Chamberlain
Which patients are at greatest risk for cardiac dysrhythmia and high
blood pressure with the Valsalva manoeuvre and MUST avoid straining
to pass stool?
- Correct Answer - Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma,
increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound
(Potter 1089)
What is the term for a collection of hardened faeces in the rectum that
cannot be expelled due to unrelieved constipation?
- Correct Answer - Fecal Impaction
Where does fecal impaction occur in the colon?
- Correct Answer - Rectum
Least formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract?
- Correct Answer - Ascending Colon
Most formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract?
- Correct Answer - Descending Colon
Which position should the patient be in while administering an enema?
,- Correct Answer - Left Side-Lying or Sim's Position
Which factors would contribute to stopping enema administration?
- Correct Answer - If bleeding occurs, abdomen becomes rigid and
distended, pain occurs, or resistance is felt
Which enema solution is the safest for administration because it does
NOT create a danger for excess fluid absorption?
- Correct Answer - Normal Saline [Isotonic Solution]
Which enema solution is contraindicated in patients who are dehydrated
or young infants because of risk for fluid imbalance?
- Correct Answer - Hypertonic Solution
Which enema solution is considered to be hypotonic and should NOT be
repeated because of the risk of water toxicity or circulatory overload if
and because the body absorbs excessive amounts of water?
- Correct Answer - Tap Water [Hypotonic Solution]
Which enema solution lubricates the rectum and allows the faeces to
absorb the oil making them soft and easier to pass?
- Correct Answer - Oil Retention
Which enema solution creates intestinal irritation to stimulate peristalsis
by using castile soap?
- Correct Answer - Soapsuds
,Which enema solution should used in caution in pregnant women and
elderly because it may cause an electrolyte imbalance or damage to
intestinal mucosa?
- Correct Answer - Soapsuds
Which laboratory test is used to measure microscopic amounts of blood
in the feces (blood that cannot be seen)
- Correct Answer - Guaiac Fecal Occult Blood Test
Repeat the test at least three times while the patient refrains from
ingesting foods (e.g., some raw vegetables, red meat, poultry, fish) and
medications (e.g., vitamin C, aspirin, non steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs) that cause false-positive results
(Potter 1100)
When analyzing a fecal specimens for ova and parasites, what is
required of the stool?
- Correct Answer - The stool MUST be warm.
If the stool specimen remains at room temperature, bacteriological
changes can alter the test results
Which cathartic form is most effective because of its stimulant effect on
the rectal mucosa
(Example: Dulcolax)?
- Correct Answer - Cathartic Suppositories
Which foods induce a constipating effect?
- Correct Answer - cheese, lean meats, eggs, and pasta
, Which food induce a laxative effect?
- Correct Answer - fruits, vegetables, bran, chocolate, alcohol, and
coffee
What are the assessment findings of a normal stoma?
- Correct Answer - bright pink or brick red
Notify HCP of stoma is blue, purple, brown, or black which indicates
circulation problem to the stoma
How does the nurse measure the length of the NG tube for insertion?
- Correct Answer - Tip of the nose --> earlobe --> xiphoid process
What is the most reliable method of verification for placement of the NG
tube? - Correct Answer - X-ray
Other methods include: pH test (aspirate and inspect color)
What are the ranges for body mass index?
- Correct Answer - Normal = 19-24
Overweight = 25-29
Obese = 30-39
Extremely Obese = > 40
When energy requirements are completely met or EQUALS kcal intake
in food what occurs? - Correct Answer - Weight does not change
When kcal intake in food is LESS THAN energy requirements what
occurs? - Correct Answer - Loose weight
Review Exam | 100% Correctly Answered
and Graded A+ | 2025/2026 Guide |
Chamberlain
Which patients are at greatest risk for cardiac dysrhythmia and high
blood pressure with the Valsalva manoeuvre and MUST avoid straining
to pass stool?
- Correct Answer - Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma,
increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound
(Potter 1089)
What is the term for a collection of hardened faeces in the rectum that
cannot be expelled due to unrelieved constipation?
- Correct Answer - Fecal Impaction
Where does fecal impaction occur in the colon?
- Correct Answer - Rectum
Least formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract?
- Correct Answer - Ascending Colon
Most formed stool is present in which portion of the digestive tract?
- Correct Answer - Descending Colon
Which position should the patient be in while administering an enema?
,- Correct Answer - Left Side-Lying or Sim's Position
Which factors would contribute to stopping enema administration?
- Correct Answer - If bleeding occurs, abdomen becomes rigid and
distended, pain occurs, or resistance is felt
Which enema solution is the safest for administration because it does
NOT create a danger for excess fluid absorption?
- Correct Answer - Normal Saline [Isotonic Solution]
Which enema solution is contraindicated in patients who are dehydrated
or young infants because of risk for fluid imbalance?
- Correct Answer - Hypertonic Solution
Which enema solution is considered to be hypotonic and should NOT be
repeated because of the risk of water toxicity or circulatory overload if
and because the body absorbs excessive amounts of water?
- Correct Answer - Tap Water [Hypotonic Solution]
Which enema solution lubricates the rectum and allows the faeces to
absorb the oil making them soft and easier to pass?
- Correct Answer - Oil Retention
Which enema solution creates intestinal irritation to stimulate peristalsis
by using castile soap?
- Correct Answer - Soapsuds
,Which enema solution should used in caution in pregnant women and
elderly because it may cause an electrolyte imbalance or damage to
intestinal mucosa?
- Correct Answer - Soapsuds
Which laboratory test is used to measure microscopic amounts of blood
in the feces (blood that cannot be seen)
- Correct Answer - Guaiac Fecal Occult Blood Test
Repeat the test at least three times while the patient refrains from
ingesting foods (e.g., some raw vegetables, red meat, poultry, fish) and
medications (e.g., vitamin C, aspirin, non steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs) that cause false-positive results
(Potter 1100)
When analyzing a fecal specimens for ova and parasites, what is
required of the stool?
- Correct Answer - The stool MUST be warm.
If the stool specimen remains at room temperature, bacteriological
changes can alter the test results
Which cathartic form is most effective because of its stimulant effect on
the rectal mucosa
(Example: Dulcolax)?
- Correct Answer - Cathartic Suppositories
Which foods induce a constipating effect?
- Correct Answer - cheese, lean meats, eggs, and pasta
, Which food induce a laxative effect?
- Correct Answer - fruits, vegetables, bran, chocolate, alcohol, and
coffee
What are the assessment findings of a normal stoma?
- Correct Answer - bright pink or brick red
Notify HCP of stoma is blue, purple, brown, or black which indicates
circulation problem to the stoma
How does the nurse measure the length of the NG tube for insertion?
- Correct Answer - Tip of the nose --> earlobe --> xiphoid process
What is the most reliable method of verification for placement of the NG
tube? - Correct Answer - X-ray
Other methods include: pH test (aspirate and inspect color)
What are the ranges for body mass index?
- Correct Answer - Normal = 19-24
Overweight = 25-29
Obese = 30-39
Extremely Obese = > 40
When energy requirements are completely met or EQUALS kcal intake
in food what occurs? - Correct Answer - Weight does not change
When kcal intake in food is LESS THAN energy requirements what
occurs? - Correct Answer - Loose weight
