EDUC 318 - Quiz One (Ch. 1-7)
2025/2026. 100% Verified. (Answered)
80Q&A.
alphabetic principle
Principle suggesting that letters in the alphabet map to phonemes, the minimal sound units
represented in written language.
autobiographical narrative
An instructional strategy to help students and teachers reflect on personal knowledge.
belief system
A theoretical orientation and philosophical approach to the teaching of reading.
bottom-up model
A type of reading model that assumes that the process of translating print to meaning begins with
the printed word and is initiated by decoding graphic image into sound.
constructivism
Learning theory associated with Jean Piaget that describes meaning-making as cognitively
constructing knowledge by using prior knowledge and experience in interaction with the
environment.
decoding
The conscious or automatic processing and translating the printed word into speech.
graphophonemic cues
Letter-sound information that readers process during reading.
metacognition
Awareness of one's own cognitive processes, including task knowledge and self-monitoring of
activity.
orthographic knowledge
Knowledge of common letter patterns that skilled readers use rapidly and accurately to associate
with sounds.
schemata
Mental frameworks that humans use to organize and construct meaning.
semantic cues
The prior knowledge and experience that readers bring to a reading situation.
syntactical cues
, Grammatical information in a text that readers process, along with graphophenomic and semantic
information to construct meaning.
top-down model
A type of reading model that assumes the construction of textual meaning depends on the reader's
prior knowledge and experience.
transliteracy
The ability to read, write and interact across a range of platforms, tools and media.
basal reading approach
A major approach to reading that occupies the central and broadest position on the instructional
continuum.
comprehensive approach
An approach to instruction that adheres to the belief that teachers need to possess a strong
knowledge of multiple methods of teaching reading so that they can create an appropriate balance
of methods needed for the children they teach.
explicit strategy instruction
Directly teaching students what they need to know and providing opportunities for practice until the
student applies the skill independently.
guided reading
A teaching approached designed to help individual readers build a system for processing increasingly
challenging texts over time.
instructional scaffolding
Providing enough instructional guidance and support for students so they will be successful in their
use of reading strategies.
integrated approach
A methodology that suggests the best way to teach reading is to use a combination of the greatest
features of all the approaches.
language-experience approach (ELA)
A major approach to reading, located on the holistic side of the instructional continuum, tied closely
to interactive or top-down theory.
leveled books
Books that are categorized into stages of difficulty in order to select text based on ability.
literature-based instruction
A major approach to reading that encourages students to select their own trade books, with the
sessions followed by the teacher-student conferences at which students may be asked to read aloud
from their selection; used by teachers who want to provide for individual student differences
reading abilities while focusing on meaning, interest, and enjoyment.
2025/2026. 100% Verified. (Answered)
80Q&A.
alphabetic principle
Principle suggesting that letters in the alphabet map to phonemes, the minimal sound units
represented in written language.
autobiographical narrative
An instructional strategy to help students and teachers reflect on personal knowledge.
belief system
A theoretical orientation and philosophical approach to the teaching of reading.
bottom-up model
A type of reading model that assumes that the process of translating print to meaning begins with
the printed word and is initiated by decoding graphic image into sound.
constructivism
Learning theory associated with Jean Piaget that describes meaning-making as cognitively
constructing knowledge by using prior knowledge and experience in interaction with the
environment.
decoding
The conscious or automatic processing and translating the printed word into speech.
graphophonemic cues
Letter-sound information that readers process during reading.
metacognition
Awareness of one's own cognitive processes, including task knowledge and self-monitoring of
activity.
orthographic knowledge
Knowledge of common letter patterns that skilled readers use rapidly and accurately to associate
with sounds.
schemata
Mental frameworks that humans use to organize and construct meaning.
semantic cues
The prior knowledge and experience that readers bring to a reading situation.
syntactical cues
, Grammatical information in a text that readers process, along with graphophenomic and semantic
information to construct meaning.
top-down model
A type of reading model that assumes the construction of textual meaning depends on the reader's
prior knowledge and experience.
transliteracy
The ability to read, write and interact across a range of platforms, tools and media.
basal reading approach
A major approach to reading that occupies the central and broadest position on the instructional
continuum.
comprehensive approach
An approach to instruction that adheres to the belief that teachers need to possess a strong
knowledge of multiple methods of teaching reading so that they can create an appropriate balance
of methods needed for the children they teach.
explicit strategy instruction
Directly teaching students what they need to know and providing opportunities for practice until the
student applies the skill independently.
guided reading
A teaching approached designed to help individual readers build a system for processing increasingly
challenging texts over time.
instructional scaffolding
Providing enough instructional guidance and support for students so they will be successful in their
use of reading strategies.
integrated approach
A methodology that suggests the best way to teach reading is to use a combination of the greatest
features of all the approaches.
language-experience approach (ELA)
A major approach to reading, located on the holistic side of the instructional continuum, tied closely
to interactive or top-down theory.
leveled books
Books that are categorized into stages of difficulty in order to select text based on ability.
literature-based instruction
A major approach to reading that encourages students to select their own trade books, with the
sessions followed by the teacher-student conferences at which students may be asked to read aloud
from their selection; used by teachers who want to provide for individual student differences
reading abilities while focusing on meaning, interest, and enjoyment.
