NRSG258 — SURGICAL EXAM (A+ GRADED)
What does the Clinical Reasoning Cycle (CRC) do? correct answers Facilitates health care
professionals in the decision-making and enabling to formulate a patient care plan via a step-
by-step process.
Clinical Reasoning Cycle correct answers 1. Consider the patient situation
2. Collect cues/information
3. Process information
4. Identify problems/issues
5. Establish goals
6. Take action
7. Evaluate outcomes
8. Reflect on process and new learning
5 factors influencing ADLs correct answers 1. Biological
2. Psychological
3. Sociocultural
4. Environmental
5. Politico-economic
3 types of surgical environments correct answers public hospital, private hospital and day
procedure centres
4 types of surgical procedures correct answers major surgery, minor surgery, endoscopic
procedures and emergency
What are the risks of surgery? correct answers Fasting status, anaesthetic, age, infection and
bleeding
Types of anaesthesia correct answers local, regional, general
4 pre-operative risk factors correct answers age, nutritional status, medical/surgical history
and medications
Even in healthy older age, physiological changes can occur which may affect the consumer
having surgery. What was 4 considerations to be aware of? correct answers metabolism,
integumentary system, respiratory and cognitive abilities
What are 3 types pre-operative medications a patient may take? correct answers sedation,
anti-anxiety, prophylactic medications
What are 3 types of intraoperative medications a patient may take? correct answers
anaesthetics, sedation and pain relief
What are 3 types of postoperative medications a patient may take? correct answers
analgesics, antibiotics, laxatives
What do you need to monitor and manage in postoperative care? correct answers consumer's
obs (and compare with baseline), alertness, fluid balance and pain levels
What does the Clinical Reasoning Cycle (CRC) do? correct answers Facilitates health care
professionals in the decision-making and enabling to formulate a patient care plan via a step-
by-step process.
Clinical Reasoning Cycle correct answers 1. Consider the patient situation
2. Collect cues/information
3. Process information
4. Identify problems/issues
5. Establish goals
6. Take action
7. Evaluate outcomes
8. Reflect on process and new learning
5 factors influencing ADLs correct answers 1. Biological
2. Psychological
3. Sociocultural
4. Environmental
5. Politico-economic
3 types of surgical environments correct answers public hospital, private hospital and day
procedure centres
4 types of surgical procedures correct answers major surgery, minor surgery, endoscopic
procedures and emergency
What are the risks of surgery? correct answers Fasting status, anaesthetic, age, infection and
bleeding
Types of anaesthesia correct answers local, regional, general
4 pre-operative risk factors correct answers age, nutritional status, medical/surgical history
and medications
Even in healthy older age, physiological changes can occur which may affect the consumer
having surgery. What was 4 considerations to be aware of? correct answers metabolism,
integumentary system, respiratory and cognitive abilities
What are 3 types pre-operative medications a patient may take? correct answers sedation,
anti-anxiety, prophylactic medications
What are 3 types of intraoperative medications a patient may take? correct answers
anaesthetics, sedation and pain relief
What are 3 types of postoperative medications a patient may take? correct answers
analgesics, antibiotics, laxatives
What do you need to monitor and manage in postoperative care? correct answers consumer's
obs (and compare with baseline), alertness, fluid balance and pain levels
