NRSG258 Exam Revision - Surgical Nursing || WITH
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS; A+ GUARANTEED.
Consent must be (5) correct answers - voluntary
- specific
- informed
- legal capacity
- current
Legal Capacity correct answers 18 years old
Advance Care Directive correct answers legal documents outline care person wishes to
receive if they no longer have capacity to make their own decisions
Factors affecting Legal Capacity (5) correct answers - unconscious
- intellectual disability (e.g. dementia)
- brain injury (depends on degree)
- emergency
- child
Doctrine of Necessity/Emergency correct answers in emergency where patient cannot
consent, reasonable treatment to save life or prevent serious injury or death can be
administered
Signs of Inflammation (5) correct answers - redness
- heat
- pain
- swelling
- loss of function
Chronic Inflammation correct answers >2 weeks with increased purulent discharge and poor
wound healing
Malignant Hyperthermia correct answers rare genetic condition > treat with dantrolene
Benefits of Fever (5) correct answers - improves immune function
- increased release of cytokines
- increased T and B cell activity
- increased phagocytosis
- decreased nutrients for bacteria
Risks of Fever (4) correct answers - stress on body
- brain damage is sustained >41 degrees
- death >43 degrees
- febrile seizures >39 degrees
Acute Pain correct answers productive and occurs immediately after tissue damage
, Chronic Pain correct answers disease state that is maladaptive, persistent and has no
defensive or useful purpose due to continuous transmission of pain in nerves that transmit
pain
Chronic Pain includes (5) correct answers - neuropathic (MS)
- inflammatory (arthritis)
- pathologic (cancer)
- allodynia (from non-painful stimulus)
- hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain)
Innate (non-specific) defences correct answers those you're born with (intact skin)
Adaptive (specific) immunity correct answers immunity from T and B cells developed in
response to infection/invasion
Nocieptors correct answers sensory nerves which respond to pain and transmit pain via lateral
spinothalamic tracts to the brain
Referred pain correct answers pain in part of the body not related to the cause
Dermatomes correct answers sensory nerves transmitting pain from skin and organs to the
brain
Types of Anaesthesia (5) correct answers 1. General Anaesthesia
2. Local Anaesthesia
3. Central Nerve Blocks (spinal/epidural)
4. Regional Anaesthesia
5. Sedation/Analgesia
General Anaesthesia correct answers reversable, unconscious state characterised by amnesia,
analgesia and supression of reflexes
Stages of Anaesthesia (4) correct answers 1. Analgesia
2. Delirium
3. Surgicial anaesthesia
4. Medullary depression
Pharmacokinetics of Propofol correct answers short half life of 2-4 mins leading to early
metabolism and discharge
Propofol Contraindications (1) correct answers made with egg protein so contraindicated in
egg allergies
Adverse Effects of IV Anaesthetics (5) correct answers - hypotension
- bradycardia
- respiratory depression
- pain at injection site
- cardiac arrest
Adverse Effects of Inhalation Anaesthetics (3) correct answers - shivering
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS; A+ GUARANTEED.
Consent must be (5) correct answers - voluntary
- specific
- informed
- legal capacity
- current
Legal Capacity correct answers 18 years old
Advance Care Directive correct answers legal documents outline care person wishes to
receive if they no longer have capacity to make their own decisions
Factors affecting Legal Capacity (5) correct answers - unconscious
- intellectual disability (e.g. dementia)
- brain injury (depends on degree)
- emergency
- child
Doctrine of Necessity/Emergency correct answers in emergency where patient cannot
consent, reasonable treatment to save life or prevent serious injury or death can be
administered
Signs of Inflammation (5) correct answers - redness
- heat
- pain
- swelling
- loss of function
Chronic Inflammation correct answers >2 weeks with increased purulent discharge and poor
wound healing
Malignant Hyperthermia correct answers rare genetic condition > treat with dantrolene
Benefits of Fever (5) correct answers - improves immune function
- increased release of cytokines
- increased T and B cell activity
- increased phagocytosis
- decreased nutrients for bacteria
Risks of Fever (4) correct answers - stress on body
- brain damage is sustained >41 degrees
- death >43 degrees
- febrile seizures >39 degrees
Acute Pain correct answers productive and occurs immediately after tissue damage
, Chronic Pain correct answers disease state that is maladaptive, persistent and has no
defensive or useful purpose due to continuous transmission of pain in nerves that transmit
pain
Chronic Pain includes (5) correct answers - neuropathic (MS)
- inflammatory (arthritis)
- pathologic (cancer)
- allodynia (from non-painful stimulus)
- hyperalgesia (increased sensitivity to pain)
Innate (non-specific) defences correct answers those you're born with (intact skin)
Adaptive (specific) immunity correct answers immunity from T and B cells developed in
response to infection/invasion
Nocieptors correct answers sensory nerves which respond to pain and transmit pain via lateral
spinothalamic tracts to the brain
Referred pain correct answers pain in part of the body not related to the cause
Dermatomes correct answers sensory nerves transmitting pain from skin and organs to the
brain
Types of Anaesthesia (5) correct answers 1. General Anaesthesia
2. Local Anaesthesia
3. Central Nerve Blocks (spinal/epidural)
4. Regional Anaesthesia
5. Sedation/Analgesia
General Anaesthesia correct answers reversable, unconscious state characterised by amnesia,
analgesia and supression of reflexes
Stages of Anaesthesia (4) correct answers 1. Analgesia
2. Delirium
3. Surgicial anaesthesia
4. Medullary depression
Pharmacokinetics of Propofol correct answers short half life of 2-4 mins leading to early
metabolism and discharge
Propofol Contraindications (1) correct answers made with egg protein so contraindicated in
egg allergies
Adverse Effects of IV Anaesthetics (5) correct answers - hypotension
- bradycardia
- respiratory depression
- pain at injection site
- cardiac arrest
Adverse Effects of Inhalation Anaesthetics (3) correct answers - shivering
