MODERATE SEDATION CERTIFICATION EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025/2026|GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Chloral Hydrate Adverse Reactions - ANSWER--Desaturation; respiratory
depression; airway obstruction
-Agitation; ataxia
-Vomiting
-Cardiac arrhythmias
-Increased risk of direct and indirect hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus in
newborns
-Metabolic acidosis with repeat administration in neonates
Chloral Hydrate Drug Interactions - ANSWER--May increase risk of respiratory
complications with other sedatives or opioids
-May alter rate of metabolism of warfarin or warfarin-related anticoagulants
,Chloral Hydrate Contraindications - ANSWER--Preterm and term neonates repeat
dosing
-Not used on chronic basis
-Significant hepatic or renal disease
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Previously exhibited idiosyncrasy or hypersensitivity to the drug
-Gastritis
-Porphyria
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl) - ANSWER--Anti histamine H1
receptor drug
-Anticholinergic and sedative properties
-Usually given as premedication prior to endoscopic procedures to achieve a
synergistic effect with combination of a narcotic and benzodiazepine to allow for
a lower dose of narcotic and benzodiazepines
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl) Dose and Administration - ANSWER--
IV at a rate generally not exceeding 25 mg/minute
-Give deep intramuscularly
-IV onset 2-3 minutes
-IV peak 60 to 90 minutes
,-IV duration 240 minutes (4h)
Alpha-2 Receptors Agonists - ANSWER--Clonidine (Catapres)
-Dexamedetomidine (Precedex)
-Decreases sympathetic nervous system activity (decreased BP and HR)
Clonidine (Catapres) Considerations - ANSWER--FDA approved for Critical Care
Sedation
-Pre-op it causes sedation and reduces autonomic nervous system reflexes
-Such responses particularly trying to be controlled in this scenario include HTN
and tachycardia
Clonidine (Catapres) PO - ANSWER--3 to 5 mcg/kg
-Onset of 30 to 45 minutes
-Duration of action 90 minutes
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Considerations - ANSWER--When infused for >6h,
patients should report nervousness, agitation, and HA...these may occur for up to
48h
, -Report symptoms that may occur within 48h after the administration of precedex
including weakness, confusion, excessive sweating, abdominal pain, salt cravings,
diarrhea, constipation, dizziness, light-headedness
Precedex IV - ANSWER--Loading dose of 1 mcg/kg over 10 minutes
-Onset in 10-15 minutes
-Maintenance Dose of 0.2-1 mcg/hr titrated
-Half life of 2 hours
Emergency Medications - ANSWER--Atropine
-Lidocaine
-Ephedrine
-Succinylcholine
Atropine - ANSWER--Increases HR by blocking vagal nerve stimulation
-IV bolus 0.4-1.0 mg
Lidocaine - ANSWER--Decreases automaticity; drug of choice for ventricular
dysrhythmias
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS
2025/2026|GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Chloral Hydrate Adverse Reactions - ANSWER--Desaturation; respiratory
depression; airway obstruction
-Agitation; ataxia
-Vomiting
-Cardiac arrhythmias
-Increased risk of direct and indirect hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus in
newborns
-Metabolic acidosis with repeat administration in neonates
Chloral Hydrate Drug Interactions - ANSWER--May increase risk of respiratory
complications with other sedatives or opioids
-May alter rate of metabolism of warfarin or warfarin-related anticoagulants
,Chloral Hydrate Contraindications - ANSWER--Preterm and term neonates repeat
dosing
-Not used on chronic basis
-Significant hepatic or renal disease
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Previously exhibited idiosyncrasy or hypersensitivity to the drug
-Gastritis
-Porphyria
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl) - ANSWER--Anti histamine H1
receptor drug
-Anticholinergic and sedative properties
-Usually given as premedication prior to endoscopic procedures to achieve a
synergistic effect with combination of a narcotic and benzodiazepine to allow for
a lower dose of narcotic and benzodiazepines
Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl) Dose and Administration - ANSWER--
IV at a rate generally not exceeding 25 mg/minute
-Give deep intramuscularly
-IV onset 2-3 minutes
-IV peak 60 to 90 minutes
,-IV duration 240 minutes (4h)
Alpha-2 Receptors Agonists - ANSWER--Clonidine (Catapres)
-Dexamedetomidine (Precedex)
-Decreases sympathetic nervous system activity (decreased BP and HR)
Clonidine (Catapres) Considerations - ANSWER--FDA approved for Critical Care
Sedation
-Pre-op it causes sedation and reduces autonomic nervous system reflexes
-Such responses particularly trying to be controlled in this scenario include HTN
and tachycardia
Clonidine (Catapres) PO - ANSWER--3 to 5 mcg/kg
-Onset of 30 to 45 minutes
-Duration of action 90 minutes
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex) Considerations - ANSWER--When infused for >6h,
patients should report nervousness, agitation, and HA...these may occur for up to
48h
, -Report symptoms that may occur within 48h after the administration of precedex
including weakness, confusion, excessive sweating, abdominal pain, salt cravings,
diarrhea, constipation, dizziness, light-headedness
Precedex IV - ANSWER--Loading dose of 1 mcg/kg over 10 minutes
-Onset in 10-15 minutes
-Maintenance Dose of 0.2-1 mcg/hr titrated
-Half life of 2 hours
Emergency Medications - ANSWER--Atropine
-Lidocaine
-Ephedrine
-Succinylcholine
Atropine - ANSWER--Increases HR by blocking vagal nerve stimulation
-IV bolus 0.4-1.0 mg
Lidocaine - ANSWER--Decreases automaticity; drug of choice for ventricular
dysrhythmias
