Gene mutations exam Questions With Correct Answers

mutation - Correct Answer change in dna sequence that affects genetic info spontaneous mutation - Correct Answer abnormalities in biological process induced mutation - Correct Answer environmental factors gene mutation - Correct Answer occurs when 1 or several nucleotides are altered in a gene point mutation - Correct Answer gene mutation occurring at a base pair in the DNA sequence substitution (a point mutation) - Correct Answer one base is substituted for another base pair frameshift mutation (a point mutation) - Correct Answer involves addition (insertion) or subtraction (deletion) of nucleotides Chromosomal mutation - Correct Answer changes in number or structure of chromosomes Deletion (CM) - Correct Answer loss of all or part of a chromosome Duplication (CM) - Correct Answer segment of chromosome gets repeated Inversion (CM) - Correct Answer part of chromosome is oriented in reverse of usual direction Translocation (CM) - Correct Answer part of chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome importance of gene regulation - Correct Answer -not all genes need to be expressed at same time -cell has genetic code in nucleus Operon - Correct Answer group of neighboring genes that work together Regulatory Protein - Correct Answer can turn a gene "on" or "off" Operator - Correct Answer segment of DNA that provides a binding site for regulatory protein Regulatory Gene - Correct Answer codes for regulatory proteins like repressors or activators which control transcription inducible gene - Correct Answer gets turned ON in presence of a molecule repressible gene - Correct Answer gene that gets turned OFF in presence of a molecule repressor protein - Correct Answer protein that binds to DNA and inhibits transcription activator protein - Correct Answer protein that binds to DNA and increases rate of transcription inducer - Correct Answer small molecule that causes the rate of transcription to INCREASE Inhibitor - Correct Answer small molecule that binds to an activator protein which INHIBI