PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - ALTERED CELLULAR AND TISSUE
BIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND A+ GRADED ANSWERS
MC question regarding which does not show any physical signs.
Ans: choking asphyxiation
(TEST) Narrowing of the arteries due to arteriosclerosis would cause:
a. Hypoxia
b. Ischemia
c. Both hypoxia and ischemia
- ANS c. Both hypoxia and ischemia -
Similar question on test but worded regarding oxygen to lungs - hypoxia
What type of progressive cell injury response is: Cellular self-destruction for elimination
of unwanted cell populations?
- ANS Apoptosis, or programmed cell death
A deficiency of oxygen in any tissue is called?
- ANS hypoxia
Insufficient blood flow to a tissue, typically resulting in metabolite accumulation and
sometimes tissue death is called?
- ANS Ischemia
(TEST) A combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis in which dead cells
disintegrate but are not completely digested, resulting in soft, granular, clumped cellular
debris. Tuberculosis.
- ANS Caseous necrosis - MC question regarding tuberculosis
When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an
increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will:
a. Increase in size
b. Decrease in length
, c. Increase in excitability
d. Increase in number
- ANS a. Increase in size
A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with cervical cancer after a Pap smear. Which of the
following cellular changes would the nurse most likely see on the report?
a. Metaplasia
b. Atrophy
c. Hypertrophy
d. Dysplasia
- ANS d. Dysplasia
A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The chest pain is most likely
due to hypoxic injury secondary to:
a. Malnutrition
b. Free radicals
c. Ischemia
d. Chemical toxicity
- ANS c. Ischemia
A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death
with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse
use to define this process?
a. Adaptation
b. Pathologic calcification
c. Apoptosis
d. Necrosis
- ANS d. Necrosis
A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and
ischemia. Once oxygen returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occurred as a
result of:
a. Free radical formation
b. Vacuolation
c. Increased metabolic state
d. Lipid acceptor proteins
- ANS a. Free radical formation
Following ischemia and hypoxic cellular injury, which of the following would you expect
to find in the injured cells?
a. Increased intracellular levels of Ca2+
BIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND A+ GRADED ANSWERS
MC question regarding which does not show any physical signs.
Ans: choking asphyxiation
(TEST) Narrowing of the arteries due to arteriosclerosis would cause:
a. Hypoxia
b. Ischemia
c. Both hypoxia and ischemia
- ANS c. Both hypoxia and ischemia -
Similar question on test but worded regarding oxygen to lungs - hypoxia
What type of progressive cell injury response is: Cellular self-destruction for elimination
of unwanted cell populations?
- ANS Apoptosis, or programmed cell death
A deficiency of oxygen in any tissue is called?
- ANS hypoxia
Insufficient blood flow to a tissue, typically resulting in metabolite accumulation and
sometimes tissue death is called?
- ANS Ischemia
(TEST) A combination of coagulative and liquefactive necrosis in which dead cells
disintegrate but are not completely digested, resulting in soft, granular, clumped cellular
debris. Tuberculosis.
- ANS Caseous necrosis - MC question regarding tuberculosis
When planning care for a cardiac patient, the nurse knows that in response to an
increased workload, cardiac myocardial cells will:
a. Increase in size
b. Decrease in length
, c. Increase in excitability
d. Increase in number
- ANS a. Increase in size
A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with cervical cancer after a Pap smear. Which of the
following cellular changes would the nurse most likely see on the report?
a. Metaplasia
b. Atrophy
c. Hypertrophy
d. Dysplasia
- ANS d. Dysplasia
A 75-year-old male presents with chest pain on exertion. The chest pain is most likely
due to hypoxic injury secondary to:
a. Malnutrition
b. Free radicals
c. Ischemia
d. Chemical toxicity
- ANS c. Ischemia
A patient has a heart attack that leads to progressive cell injury that causes cell death
with severe cell swelling and breakdown of organelles. What term would the nurse
use to define this process?
a. Adaptation
b. Pathologic calcification
c. Apoptosis
d. Necrosis
- ANS d. Necrosis
A 52-year-old male suffered a myocardial infarction secondary to atherosclerosis and
ischemia. Once oxygen returned to the damaged heart, reperfusion injury occurred as a
result of:
a. Free radical formation
b. Vacuolation
c. Increased metabolic state
d. Lipid acceptor proteins
- ANS a. Free radical formation
Following ischemia and hypoxic cellular injury, which of the following would you expect
to find in the injured cells?
a. Increased intracellular levels of Ca2+
