3/22/25, 12:12
PM
NASM CPT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (66)
1950-1960: Health clubs aka "gyms" were male-dominated (body builders, power
lifters, olympic lifters, athletes) w/free weights; The Jack LaLanne Show (calisthenic
intermixed w/counting calories, weight training, & nutrition tips), invented cable
pulley weight training system & Smith weight lifting machine
1960-1970: Women's fitness centers aka "figure salons" focusing on weight loss and
spot reduction via passive exercise machines; JFK began to address adults as well
as children (Council on Youth Fitness changed to Council on Physical Fitness)
✔Briefly describe the history of the
which
profession of personal training.
generated greater awareness of health and an interest in jogging; first Gold's Gym
opened
1970-1980: health clubs were more widely accepted and a means of social
interaction as well as health; the expert of the 70's was the person working in
a health club who had been training the longest, looked the most fit, or was
the
strongest (not necessarily the most knowledgeable/qualified) and people would
seek their advice/guidance... thus the personal training profession was born (but
programs were rarely designed to meet individual goals, needs, abilities)
Muscle imbalance Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
An incurable illness or health condition that persists for year or more, resulting in
Chronic disease
functional limitations and the need for ongoing medical care
The condition of being considerably overweight, and refers to a person with a body
Obesity mass index of 30 or greater, or who is at least 30 pounds over the
recommended weight for their height
A desirable BMI for adults 20 years and 18.5 and 24.9
older is between ____ and ____.
Refers to a person with a body mass index of 25 to 29.9, or who is between 25 to 30
Overweight
pounds over the recommended weight for their height
BMI = 703 x (weight (lb)/height2 (in2))
Equations for BMI
BMI = weight (kg)/height2 (m2)
Also known as cholesterol and triglycerides, blood lipids are carried in the
Blood lipids bloodstream by protein molecules known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and
low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
A healthy total cholesterol level is ____. less than 200 mg/dL
A borderline high cholesterol level is_____. between 200 and 239 mg/dL
A high-risk cholesterol level is_____. more than 240 mg/dL
Chronic metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate
usage and enhances usage of fats and proteins
Diabetes mellitus A condition in which blood glucose or "blood sugar" is unable to enter cells
either because the pancreas is unable to produce insulin or the cells have become
insulin resistant.
Often referred to as juvenile diabetes because symptoms typically first appear in
childhood.
Type 1 diabetes
Is the result of the pancreas not producing insulin (and as a result, blood sugar is
not optimally delivered into the cells, resulting in hyperglycemia).
Hyperglycemia High blood sugar
1/
6
, 3/22/25, 12:12
PM
Associated with obesity, particularly abdominal obesity
Accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes
Patients usually produce adequate amounts of insulin, however their cells are
Type 2 diabetes
resistant and do not allow insulin to bring adequate amounts of blood sugar
(glucose) into the cell
More than 80% of all patients are overweight or have a history of excessive weight
A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased
Deconditioned
flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability
The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from
Proprioception
all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb
movement
An unstable (yet controllable) physical situation in which exercises are performed
Proprioceptively enriched environment
that causes the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms
More people work in offices, have longer work hours, use better technology and
automation, and are required to move less on a daily basis, producing more
✔What are some common characteristics
sedentary people, and leading to dysfunction and increased incidents of injury
of personal training clients?
including chronic disease, low back pain, knee injuries, and other musculoskeletal
injuries. Today's typical client is likely to be deconditioned.
✔*OPT model
(Optimum Performance Training)
Improves cardiorespiratory efficiency
What are the physiologic benefits of the Enhances beneficial endocrine (hormone) and serum lipid (cholesterol) adaptations
OPT model? Increases metabolic efficiency (metabolism)
Increases bone density
Decreases body fat
What are the physical benefits of the OPT
Increases lean body mass (muscle)
model?
Increases tissue tensile strength (tendons, ligaments, muscles)
Strength
Power
Endurance
What are the performance benefits of the
Flexibility
OPT model?
Speed
Agility
Balance
1. Stabilization
What are the 3 levels of training of the OPT
2.Strength
model?
3.Power
Smaller divisions of training professions that fall within the three building blocks of
Phases of training
training
Stabilization Level
Phase 1: Stabilization Endurance Training
Strength Level
Phase 2: Strength Endurance
*What are the phases of training?
Training Phase 3: Hypertrophy
Training
Phase 4: Maximum Strength Training
Power Level
Phase 5: Power Training
2/
6
PM
NASM CPT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (66)
1950-1960: Health clubs aka "gyms" were male-dominated (body builders, power
lifters, olympic lifters, athletes) w/free weights; The Jack LaLanne Show (calisthenic
intermixed w/counting calories, weight training, & nutrition tips), invented cable
pulley weight training system & Smith weight lifting machine
1960-1970: Women's fitness centers aka "figure salons" focusing on weight loss and
spot reduction via passive exercise machines; JFK began to address adults as well
as children (Council on Youth Fitness changed to Council on Physical Fitness)
✔Briefly describe the history of the
which
profession of personal training.
generated greater awareness of health and an interest in jogging; first Gold's Gym
opened
1970-1980: health clubs were more widely accepted and a means of social
interaction as well as health; the expert of the 70's was the person working in
a health club who had been training the longest, looked the most fit, or was
the
strongest (not necessarily the most knowledgeable/qualified) and people would
seek their advice/guidance... thus the personal training profession was born (but
programs were rarely designed to meet individual goals, needs, abilities)
Muscle imbalance Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
An incurable illness or health condition that persists for year or more, resulting in
Chronic disease
functional limitations and the need for ongoing medical care
The condition of being considerably overweight, and refers to a person with a body
Obesity mass index of 30 or greater, or who is at least 30 pounds over the
recommended weight for their height
A desirable BMI for adults 20 years and 18.5 and 24.9
older is between ____ and ____.
Refers to a person with a body mass index of 25 to 29.9, or who is between 25 to 30
Overweight
pounds over the recommended weight for their height
BMI = 703 x (weight (lb)/height2 (in2))
Equations for BMI
BMI = weight (kg)/height2 (m2)
Also known as cholesterol and triglycerides, blood lipids are carried in the
Blood lipids bloodstream by protein molecules known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and
low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
A healthy total cholesterol level is ____. less than 200 mg/dL
A borderline high cholesterol level is_____. between 200 and 239 mg/dL
A high-risk cholesterol level is_____. more than 240 mg/dL
Chronic metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate
usage and enhances usage of fats and proteins
Diabetes mellitus A condition in which blood glucose or "blood sugar" is unable to enter cells
either because the pancreas is unable to produce insulin or the cells have become
insulin resistant.
Often referred to as juvenile diabetes because symptoms typically first appear in
childhood.
Type 1 diabetes
Is the result of the pancreas not producing insulin (and as a result, blood sugar is
not optimally delivered into the cells, resulting in hyperglycemia).
Hyperglycemia High blood sugar
1/
6
, 3/22/25, 12:12
PM
Associated with obesity, particularly abdominal obesity
Accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes
Patients usually produce adequate amounts of insulin, however their cells are
Type 2 diabetes
resistant and do not allow insulin to bring adequate amounts of blood sugar
(glucose) into the cell
More than 80% of all patients are overweight or have a history of excessive weight
A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased
Deconditioned
flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability
The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from
Proprioception
all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb
movement
An unstable (yet controllable) physical situation in which exercises are performed
Proprioceptively enriched environment
that causes the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms
More people work in offices, have longer work hours, use better technology and
automation, and are required to move less on a daily basis, producing more
✔What are some common characteristics
sedentary people, and leading to dysfunction and increased incidents of injury
of personal training clients?
including chronic disease, low back pain, knee injuries, and other musculoskeletal
injuries. Today's typical client is likely to be deconditioned.
✔*OPT model
(Optimum Performance Training)
Improves cardiorespiratory efficiency
What are the physiologic benefits of the Enhances beneficial endocrine (hormone) and serum lipid (cholesterol) adaptations
OPT model? Increases metabolic efficiency (metabolism)
Increases bone density
Decreases body fat
What are the physical benefits of the OPT
Increases lean body mass (muscle)
model?
Increases tissue tensile strength (tendons, ligaments, muscles)
Strength
Power
Endurance
What are the performance benefits of the
Flexibility
OPT model?
Speed
Agility
Balance
1. Stabilization
What are the 3 levels of training of the OPT
2.Strength
model?
3.Power
Smaller divisions of training professions that fall within the three building blocks of
Phases of training
training
Stabilization Level
Phase 1: Stabilization Endurance Training
Strength Level
Phase 2: Strength Endurance
*What are the phases of training?
Training Phase 3: Hypertrophy
Training
Phase 4: Maximum Strength Training
Power Level
Phase 5: Power Training
2/
6
