3/22/25, 11:59 BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology |
AM
BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1 BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED
Terms in this set (118)
Describe the function of the nucleolus Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts Site of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the A channel through the cell wall the allows transport of materials from one cell to
plasmodesmata another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole Stores water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains turgor of cell
Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful
Describe the function of the tonoplasts
substances and controls water flow in and out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more Permeable cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
susceptible to antibiotics?
Closely packed together
Describe the adaptations found in a
Chloroplasts
palisade cell
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large To absorb lots of light for photosynthesis
amount of chloroplasts
Explain why palisade cells are closely To form a continuous layer in the leaf
packed together
Explain why palisade cells have a large To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
vacuole
Root hair shape
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
1/
6
, 3/22/25, 11:59 BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology |
AM
Explain why root hair cells have an Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
elongated section known as the root hair
Explain why root hair cells have a large Contains cell sap with low water potential to encourage water into the cell
vacuole
Explain why root hair cells have Encourage movement of water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis
thin cellulose walls and diffusion
Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an To allow the sperm to move to the egg
undulipodium (tail)
Explain why sperm cells contain large To produce the large amounts of energy needed for movement
numbers of mitochondria
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped To push through the protective layer of the egg cell
head
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome To digest the zona pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
in the head
Explain why sperm cells have a haploid Contains half the genetic material.
nucleus
Contains a haploid nucleus
Describe the adaptations of egg cells Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
Explain why egg cells have a haploid Contains half the genetic material
nucleus
Explain why egg cells have a zona Protects the cell and only allows one sperm cell to enter.
pellucida (protective layer)
Explain why egg cells have a corona Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised cell
radiata (two or three layers attached to
the zona pellucida)
No nucleus (mammals only)
Describe the adaptations of red blood Biconcave shape
cells Haemoglobin
Flexible
Explain why red blood cells don't contain a Allows for more oxygen to be carried in the cell
nucleus
Explain why red blood cells have a Increased surface area for gas exchange
biconcave shape
Explain why red blood cells contain To bind with the oxygen in order for it to be carried around the body
haemoglobin
Explain why red blood cells are flexible To fit through the tiny blood vessels such as capillaries
Describe the adaptations of white blood Multi-lobed nucleus
cells Enzymes found within the lysosomes
Explain why white blood cells have a multi- To enable the cell to squeeze through tiny gaps when travelling to the site of
lobed nucleus infection
2/
6
AM
BTEC APPLIED SCIENCE UNIT 1 BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED
Terms in this set (118)
Describe the function of the nucleolus Produces ribosomes and RNA
Describe the function of the cell wall Provides rigidity and protection to the cell
Describe the function of the chloroplasts Site of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll
Describe the function of the A channel through the cell wall the allows transport of materials from one cell to
plasmodesmata another
Describe the function of the amyoplasts Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose when the plant needs energy
Describe the function of the vacuole Stores water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains turgor of cell
Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the vacuole, isolates it from harmful
Describe the function of the tonoplasts
substances and controls water flow in and out of the vacuole
Why are gram positive bacteria more Permeable cell wall whereas gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall
susceptible to antibiotics?
Closely packed together
Describe the adaptations found in a
Chloroplasts
palisade cell
Large vacuole
Explain why the palisade cell has a large To absorb lots of light for photosynthesis
amount of chloroplasts
Explain why palisade cells are closely To form a continuous layer in the leaf
packed together
Explain why palisade cells have a large To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell wall to maintain rigid shape)
vacuole
Root hair shape
Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell Large vacuole
Thin cellulose walls
1/
6
, 3/22/25, 11:59 BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology |
AM
Explain why root hair cells have an Increased surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell
elongated section known as the root hair
Explain why root hair cells have a large Contains cell sap with low water potential to encourage water into the cell
vacuole
Explain why root hair cells have Encourage movement of water and minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis
thin cellulose walls and diffusion
Lots of mitochondria
Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)
Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell
Haploid nucleus
Tail for movement
Explain why a sperm cell has an To allow the sperm to move to the egg
undulipodium (tail)
Explain why sperm cells contain large To produce the large amounts of energy needed for movement
numbers of mitochondria
Explain why sperm cells have a shaped To push through the protective layer of the egg cell
head
Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome To digest the zona pellucida to allow entry into the egg cell
in the head
Explain why sperm cells have a haploid Contains half the genetic material.
nucleus
Contains a haploid nucleus
Describe the adaptations of egg cells Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)
Corona radiata
Explain why egg cells have a haploid Contains half the genetic material
nucleus
Explain why egg cells have a zona Protects the cell and only allows one sperm cell to enter.
pellucida (protective layer)
Explain why egg cells have a corona Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised cell
radiata (two or three layers attached to
the zona pellucida)
No nucleus (mammals only)
Describe the adaptations of red blood Biconcave shape
cells Haemoglobin
Flexible
Explain why red blood cells don't contain a Allows for more oxygen to be carried in the cell
nucleus
Explain why red blood cells have a Increased surface area for gas exchange
biconcave shape
Explain why red blood cells contain To bind with the oxygen in order for it to be carried around the body
haemoglobin
Explain why red blood cells are flexible To fit through the tiny blood vessels such as capillaries
Describe the adaptations of white blood Multi-lobed nucleus
cells Enzymes found within the lysosomes
Explain why white blood cells have a multi- To enable the cell to squeeze through tiny gaps when travelling to the site of
lobed nucleus infection
2/
6
