,DOWNLOADgTHEgTestgBankgforgAppliedgPharmacologygforgthegDentalgHygi
enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Chapterg02:gDruggActiongandgHandling
Haveles:gAppliedgPharmacologygforgthegDentalgHygienist,g8thgEdition
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Agdruggisgdefinedgasgagbiologicallygactivegsubstancegthatgcangmodify
a. thegenvironment.
b. thegpHgofgtissue.
c. cellulargfunction.
d. immunegresponse.
ANS:g C
Agdruggcangmodifygcellulargfunction.gAggeneralgunderstandinggofgdruggactiongallowsgthegdent
alghygienistgtogmakeginformedgdecisionsgregardinggpossiblegdrugginteractionsgorgadversegreacti
onsgforgthegpatient.gItgisgagconcerngthatgdiscardedgdrugsgmaygbegaffectinggthegenvironment,gbu
tgthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongofgagdrug.gSomegdrugsgmayghavegthegcapacitygtogmodifygbodygcom
partmentgpH;ghowever,gthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongforgagdrug.gSomegdrugsgmayghavegthegcapacit
ygtogmodifygthegimmunegresponse,gbutgthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongofgagdrug.
DIF: Recall REF:g Introductiong|gp.g11
OBJ:g 1gTOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
2. Ingcomparinggtwogdrugs,gthegdose-responsegcurvegforgthegdruggthatgisgmoregefficaciousgwould
a. begclosergtogthegy-axis.
b. begfarthergfromgthegy-axis.
c. havegaggreatergcurvegheight.
d. havegaghighergmediangeffectivegdoseg(ED50).
ANS:g C
Efficacygisgangexpressiongofgmaximumgintensitygofgeffectgorgresponsegthatgcangbegproducedgb
ygagdrug.gThegothergchoicesgrefergtogindicatorsgofgdruggpotency,gnotgefficacy.gThegpotencygof
gagdruggisgagfunctiongofgthegamountgofgdruggrequiredgtogproducegangeffect.gThegpotencygofgdru
ggisgshowngbygtheglocationgofgthatgdrug’sgcurvegalonggtheglog-dosegaxisg(x-axis).
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(Efficacy)g|gp.g11gOBJ:g 1
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
3. Administeringgagdruggofggreatergpotencygisgbettergbecausegdrugsgofggreatergpotencygdogn
otgrequiregasghighgagdose.
a. Bothgpartsgofgthegstatementgaregtrue.
b. Bothgpartsgofgthegstatementgaregfalse.
c. Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgtrue;gthegsecondgpartgisgfalse.
d. Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgfalse;gthegsecondgpartgisgtrue.
ANS:g D
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enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgfalse,gthegsecondgpartgisgtrue.gThegabsolutegpotencygofgagdru
ggisgimmaterialgasglonggasgthegappropriategdosegisgadministered.gIfgequallygefficacious,gbothg
drugsgwillgproducegthegsamegeffect.gBothgmeperidinegandgmorphine,gforgexample,ghavegthega
bilitygtogtreatgseveregpain,gbutgapproximatelyg100gmggofgmeperidinegwouldgbegrequiredgtogpr
oducegthegsamegactiongasg10gmggofgmorphine.gThegdosegofgmeperidinegneededgtogproducegpa
ingreliefgisglargergthangthatgforgmorphine.gLessgpotentgdrugsgrequireghighergdosesgtogproducegt
herapeuticgeffectsgwhereasgmoregpotentgdrugsgcangreachgtoxicglevelsgatglowergdoses.
DIF: Application
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(Potency)g|gp.g11gOBJ:g 1
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
4. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtruegregardinggthegtherapeuticgindexg(TI)gofgagdrug?
a. AgdruggwithgaglargegTIgisgmoregdangerousgthangagdruggwithgagsmallgTI.
b. ThegformulagforgTIgisgED50/LD50.
c. ED50g isg50%gofgthegeffectivegclinicalgdose.
d. TIgisgthegratiogofgthegmedianglethalgdosegtogthegmediangeffectivegdose.
ANS:g D
LD50g isgthegdosegcausinggdeathging50%gofgtestganimalsgandgED50gisgthegdosegrequiredgtogpro
ducegthegdesiredgclinicalgeffectging50%gofgtestganimals.gTheggreatergthegTI,gthegsafergthegdrug
.gThegformulagisgTIg=gLD50/ED50.gThegED50g isgthegdosegrequiredgtogproducegthegdesiredgclinic
algeffectging50%gofgtestganimals,gnotg50%gofgthegeffectivegclinicalgdose.
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(TherapeuticgIndex)g|gp.g1
2gOBJ:g 1 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
5. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtruegconcerninggthegmechanismgofgactiongofgdrugs?
a. Drugsgaregcapablegofgimpartinggagnewgfunctiongtogthegorganism.
b. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangexogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiong
ofgangexogenousgagent.
c. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangexogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiong
ofgangendogenousgagent.
d. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactio
ngofgangendogenousgagent.
ANS:g D
Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiongofgangendog
enousgagent.gDrugsgdognotgimpartgagnewgfunctiongtogthegorganism;gtheygmerelygeithergproduceg
thegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiongofgangendogenousgagent.
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg|gp.g12g&g13gOBJ:g 2
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
6. Whengdifferentgdrugsgcompetegforgthegsamegreceptorgsites,gthegdruggwithgthegstrongergaffinit
ygforgthegreceptorgwillgbindgto
a. moregreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.
b. fewergreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.
c. allgofgthegavailablegreceptors.
d. nonegofgthegavailablegreceptors.
ANS:g A
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enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Whengdifferentgdrugsgcompetegforgthegsamegreceptorgsites,gthegdruggwithgthegstrongergaffinity
gforgthegreceptorgwillgbindgtogmoregreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.gMoregofgt
hegdruggwithgweakergaffinitygwillgbegrequiredgtogproducegagpharmacologicgresponse.gDrugsgw
ithgagstrongergaffinitygforgreceptorgsitesgaregmoregpotentgthangdrugsgwithgweakergaffinitiesgforg
thegsamegsite.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptors)g|gp.g13gOBJ:g 2
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
7. Whengagdrugghasgaffinitygforgagreceptorgandgproducesgnogeffect,gitgisgcalledga(n)
a. agonist.
b. competitivegantagonist.
c. competitivegagonist.
d. physiologicgagonist.
ANS:g B
Agcompetitivegantagonistghasgaffinitygforgagreceptor,gcombinesgwithgthegreceptor,gcompetesg
withgthegagonistgforgthegreceptor,gandgproducesgnogeffect.gAngagonistghasgaffinitygforgagrecept
or,gcombinesgwithgthegreceptor,gandgproducesgangeffect.gCompetitivegagonistgisgnonsensicalgt
erminology.gAgphysiologicgantagonistghasgaffinitygforgagsitegdifferentgfromgthatgofgthegagonist
gingquestion.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptorsg[AgonistsgandgAntagonists])g|gp.g1
3gOBJ:g 2 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
8. Agnoncompetitivegantagonist
a. bindsgtogthegsamegreceptorgsitegasgthegbindinggsitegforgthegagonist.
b. causesgagshiftgtogthegrightgingthegdose-responsegcurve.
c. enhancesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.
d. reducesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.
ANS:g D
Agnoncompetitivegantagonistgreducesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.gNoncompetitivegant
agonistsgbindgtogagreceptorgsitegthatgisgdifferentgfromgthegbindinggsitegforgthegagonist.gAgcompe
titivegantagonistgwillgcausegagshiftgtogthegrightgingthegdose-responsegcurve.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptorsg[AgonistsgandgAntagonists])g|gp.g1
3gOBJ:g 2 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
9. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgnotgagsubjectgofgpharmacokinetics?
a. Physiologicgactiongofgdrugs
b. Metabolismgofgdrugs
c. Eliminationgofgdrugs
d. Absorptiongofgdrugs
ANS:g A
Thegphysiologicgactiongofgdrugsgisgagsubjectgofgpharmacology,gnotgpharmacokinetics.gPharm
acokineticsgdoesghavegtogdogwithgthegsubjectsgofgabsorption,gdistribution,gmetabolism,gandgex
cretiongofgdrugs.
mynursytest.store
enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Chapterg02:gDruggActiongandgHandling
Haveles:gAppliedgPharmacologygforgthegDentalgHygienist,g8thgEdition
MULTIPLEgCHOICE
1. Agdruggisgdefinedgasgagbiologicallygactivegsubstancegthatgcangmodify
a. thegenvironment.
b. thegpHgofgtissue.
c. cellulargfunction.
d. immunegresponse.
ANS:g C
Agdruggcangmodifygcellulargfunction.gAggeneralgunderstandinggofgdruggactiongallowsgthegdent
alghygienistgtogmakeginformedgdecisionsgregardinggpossiblegdrugginteractionsgorgadversegreacti
onsgforgthegpatient.gItgisgagconcerngthatgdiscardedgdrugsgmaygbegaffectinggthegenvironment,gbu
tgthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongofgagdrug.gSomegdrugsgmayghavegthegcapacitygtogmodifygbodygcom
partmentgpH;ghowever,gthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongforgagdrug.gSomegdrugsgmayghavegthegcapacit
ygtogmodifygthegimmunegresponse,gbutgthisgisgnotgthegdefinitiongofgagdrug.
DIF: Recall REF:g Introductiong|gp.g11
OBJ:g 1gTOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
2. Ingcomparinggtwogdrugs,gthegdose-responsegcurvegforgthegdruggthatgisgmoregefficaciousgwould
a. begclosergtogthegy-axis.
b. begfarthergfromgthegy-axis.
c. havegaggreatergcurvegheight.
d. havegaghighergmediangeffectivegdoseg(ED50).
ANS:g C
Efficacygisgangexpressiongofgmaximumgintensitygofgeffectgorgresponsegthatgcangbegproducedgb
ygagdrug.gThegothergchoicesgrefergtogindicatorsgofgdruggpotency,gnotgefficacy.gThegpotencygof
gagdruggisgagfunctiongofgthegamountgofgdruggrequiredgtogproducegangeffect.gThegpotencygofgdru
ggisgshowngbygtheglocationgofgthatgdrug’sgcurvegalonggtheglog-dosegaxisg(x-axis).
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(Efficacy)g|gp.g11gOBJ:g 1
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
3. Administeringgagdruggofggreatergpotencygisgbettergbecausegdrugsgofggreatergpotencygdogn
otgrequiregasghighgagdose.
a. Bothgpartsgofgthegstatementgaregtrue.
b. Bothgpartsgofgthegstatementgaregfalse.
c. Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgtrue;gthegsecondgpartgisgfalse.
d. Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgfalse;gthegsecondgpartgisgtrue.
ANS:g D
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enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Thegfirstgpartgofgthegstatementgisgfalse,gthegsecondgpartgisgtrue.gThegabsolutegpotencygofgagdru
ggisgimmaterialgasglonggasgthegappropriategdosegisgadministered.gIfgequallygefficacious,gbothg
drugsgwillgproducegthegsamegeffect.gBothgmeperidinegandgmorphine,gforgexample,ghavegthega
bilitygtogtreatgseveregpain,gbutgapproximatelyg100gmggofgmeperidinegwouldgbegrequiredgtogpr
oducegthegsamegactiongasg10gmggofgmorphine.gThegdosegofgmeperidinegneededgtogproducegpa
ingreliefgisglargergthangthatgforgmorphine.gLessgpotentgdrugsgrequireghighergdosesgtogproducegt
herapeuticgeffectsgwhereasgmoregpotentgdrugsgcangreachgtoxicglevelsgatglowergdoses.
DIF: Application
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(Potency)g|gp.g11gOBJ:g 1
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
4. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtruegregardinggthegtherapeuticgindexg(TI)gofgagdrug?
a. AgdruggwithgaglargegTIgisgmoregdangerousgthangagdruggwithgagsmallgTI.
b. ThegformulagforgTIgisgED50/LD50.
c. ED50g isg50%gofgthegeffectivegclinicalgdose.
d. TIgisgthegratiogofgthegmedianglethalgdosegtogthegmediangeffectivegdose.
ANS:g D
LD50g isgthegdosegcausinggdeathging50%gofgtestganimalsgandgED50gisgthegdosegrequiredgtogpro
ducegthegdesiredgclinicalgeffectging50%gofgtestganimals.gTheggreatergthegTI,gthegsafergthegdrug
.gThegformulagisgTIg=gLD50/ED50.gThegED50g isgthegdosegrequiredgtogproducegthegdesiredgclinic
algeffectging50%gofgtestganimals,gnotg50%gofgthegeffectivegclinicalgdose.
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g CharacterizationgofgDruggActiong(TherapeuticgIndex)g|gp.g1
2gOBJ:g 1 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
5. Whichgofgthegfollowinggstatementsgisgtruegconcerninggthegmechanismgofgactiongofgdrugs?
a. Drugsgaregcapablegofgimpartinggagnewgfunctiongtogthegorganism.
b. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangexogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiong
ofgangexogenousgagent.
c. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangexogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiong
ofgangendogenousgagent.
d. Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactio
ngofgangendogenousgagent.
ANS:g D
Drugsgeithergproducegthegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiongofgangendog
enousgagent.gDrugsgdognotgimpartgagnewgfunctiongtogthegorganism;gtheygmerelygeithergproduceg
thegsamegactiongasgangendogenousgagentgorgblockgthegactiongofgangendogenousgagent.
DIF: Comprehension
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg|gp.g12g&g13gOBJ:g 2
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
6. Whengdifferentgdrugsgcompetegforgthegsamegreceptorgsites,gthegdruggwithgthegstrongergaffinit
ygforgthegreceptorgwillgbindgto
a. moregreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.
b. fewergreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.
c. allgofgthegavailablegreceptors.
d. nonegofgthegavailablegreceptors.
ANS:g A
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enistg8thgEditiongHaveles
Whengdifferentgdrugsgcompetegforgthegsamegreceptorgsites,gthegdruggwithgthegstrongergaffinity
gforgthegreceptorgwillgbindgtogmoregreceptorsgthangthegdruggwithgthegweakergaffinity.gMoregofgt
hegdruggwithgweakergaffinitygwillgbegrequiredgtogproducegagpharmacologicgresponse.gDrugsgw
ithgagstrongergaffinitygforgreceptorgsitesgaregmoregpotentgthangdrugsgwithgweakergaffinitiesgforg
thegsamegsite.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptors)g|gp.g13gOBJ:g 2
TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
7. Whengagdrugghasgaffinitygforgagreceptorgandgproducesgnogeffect,gitgisgcalledga(n)
a. agonist.
b. competitivegantagonist.
c. competitivegagonist.
d. physiologicgagonist.
ANS:g B
Agcompetitivegantagonistghasgaffinitygforgagreceptor,gcombinesgwithgthegreceptor,gcompetesg
withgthegagonistgforgthegreceptor,gandgproducesgnogeffect.gAngagonistghasgaffinitygforgagrecept
or,gcombinesgwithgthegreceptor,gandgproducesgangeffect.gCompetitivegagonistgisgnonsensicalgt
erminology.gAgphysiologicgantagonistghasgaffinitygforgagsitegdifferentgfromgthatgofgthegagonist
gingquestion.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptorsg[AgonistsgandgAntagonists])g|gp.g1
3gOBJ:g 2 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
8. Agnoncompetitivegantagonist
a. bindsgtogthegsamegreceptorgsitegasgthegbindinggsitegforgthegagonist.
b. causesgagshiftgtogthegrightgingthegdose-responsegcurve.
c. enhancesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.
d. reducesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.
ANS:g D
Agnoncompetitivegantagonistgreducesgthegmaximalgresponsegofgthegagonist.gNoncompetitivegant
agonistsgbindgtogagreceptorgsitegthatgisgdifferentgfromgthegbindinggsitegforgthegagonist.gAgcompe
titivegantagonistgwillgcausegagshiftgtogthegrightgingthegdose-responsegcurve.
DIF: Recall
REF:g MechanismgofgActiongofgDrugsg(Receptorsg[AgonistsgandgAntagonists])g|gp.g1
3gOBJ:g 2 TOP:g NBDHE,g6.0.gPharmacology
9. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgnotgagsubjectgofgpharmacokinetics?
a. Physiologicgactiongofgdrugs
b. Metabolismgofgdrugs
c. Eliminationgofgdrugs
d. Absorptiongofgdrugs
ANS:g A
Thegphysiologicgactiongofgdrugsgisgagsubjectgofgpharmacology,gnotgpharmacokinetics.gPharm
acokineticsgdoesghavegtogdogwithgthegsubjectsgofgabsorption,gdistribution,gmetabolism,gandgex
cretiongofgdrugs.
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