,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
g g g g g g
1. Atganginternationalgnursinggconference,gmanygdiscussionsgandgbreakoutgsessionsgfocuse
dgongthegWorldgHealthgOrganizationg(WHO)gviewsgonghealth.gOfgthegfollowinggcomme
ntsgmadegbygnursesgduringgagdiscussiongsession,gwhichgstatementsgwouldgbegconsidered
gaggoodgrepresentationgofgthegWHOgdefinition? gSelectgallgthatgapply.
A) Interestsgingkeepinggthegelderlygpopulationgengagedgingsuchgactivitiesgasgboo
kgreviewsgandgwordggamesgduringgsocialgtime
B) Increasegingthegnumbergofgchairgaerobicsgclassesgprovidedgingthegskilledgcar
egfacilities
C) Interventionsggearedgtowardgkeepinggthegelderlygpopulationgdiagnosedgwithgdiab
etesgmellitusgundergtightgbloodgglucosegcontrolgbygprovidinggin-
homegcookinggclasses
D) Providinggtransportationgforgrenalgdialysisgpatientsgtogandgfromgtheirghemodialysi
sgsessions
E) Providingghandwashinggteachinggsessionsgtogaggroupgofgyounggchildre
ngAns:gA,gB,gC,gE
Feedback:
ThegWHOgdefinitiongofghealthgisgdefinedgasg“agstategofgcompletegphysical,gmental,gandg
socialgwell-
beinggandgnotgmerelygthegabsencegofgdiseasegandginfirmity.”gEngaginggingbookgreviews
gfacilitatesgmentalgandgsocialgwell-being;gchairgaerobicsghelpsgfacilitategphysicalgwell-
being;gandgassistinggwithgtightgcontrolgofgdiabetesghelpsgwithgfacilitatinggphysicalgwell-
beinggevengthoughgthegpersonghasgagchronicgdisease.gHandwashinggisgvitalgingthegpreven
tiongofgdiseasegandgspreadgofggerms.
2. Agcommunityghealthgnursegisgteachinggaggroupgofgrecentggraduatesgaboutgtheglargeg
varietygofgfactorsgthatginfluencegangindividual'sghealthgorglackgthereof.gThegnursegisg
referringgtogthegHealthygPeopleg2020greportgfromgthegU.S.gDepartmentgofgHealthgan
dgHumangServicesgasgagteachinggexample.gOfgthegfollowinggaspectsgdiscussed,gwhi
chgwouldgbegconsideredgagdeterminantgofghealthgthatgisgoutsidegthegfocusgofgthisgrep
ort?
A) ThegclientghasgagdiversegbackgroundgbygbeinggofgAsiangandgNativegAmericang
descentgandgpracticesgvariousgalternativegtherapiesgtogminimizegeffectsgofgstress
.
B) Thegclientghasgagfamilyghistorygofgcardiovasculargdiseasegrelatedgtoghyperc
holesterolemiagandgremainsgnoncompliantgwithgthegtreatmentgregime.
C) Thegclientghasgaggoodgcareergwithgexceptionalgpreventativeghealthgcaregbenefits.
D) Thegclientglivesgingangaffluent,gclean,gsuburbangcommunitygwithgaccessgtogman
yghealthgcaregfacilities.
Ans:gB
Feedback:
IngHealthygPeopleg2020,gthegfocusgisgtogpromoteggoodghealthgtogallg(suchgasgusinggalter
nativegtherapiesgtogminimizegeffectsgofgstress);gachievingghealthgequitygandgpromotingg
healthgforgallg(whichgincludesghavingggoodghealthgcaregbenefits);gandgpromotingggoodgh
ealthg(whichgincludesglivinggingagcleangcommunitygwithggoodgaccessgtoghealthgcare).gAg
client'sgnoncompliancegwithgtreatmentsgtogcontrolghighgcholesterolglevelsgwithingthegpre
sencegofgagfamilyghistorygofgCVgdiseasegdoesgnotgmeetgtheg“attainingglivesgfreegofgprev
entablegdiseasegandgprematuregdeath”gdeterminant.
,3. Agphysiciangisgprovidinggcaregforgagnumbergofgpatientsgongagmedicalgunitgofgaglarge,guni
versityghospital.gThegphysiciangisgdiscussinggwithgagcolleaguegthegdifferentiationgbetwe
engdiseasesgthatgaregcausedgbygabnormalgmoleculesgandgdiseasesgthatgcausegdisease.gWhi
chgofgthegfollowinggpatientsgmostgclearlygdemonstratesgthegconsequencesgofgmoleculesgt
hatgcausegdisease?
A) Ag31-year-
oldgwomangwithgsicklegcellganemiagwhogisgreceivinggagtransfusiongofgpackedgr
edgbloodgcells
B) Ag91-year-
oldgwomangwhoghasgexperiencedgangischemicgstrokegresultinggfromgfamilialg
hypercholesterolemia
C) Ag19-year-
oldgmangwithgexacerbationgofghisgcysticgfibrosisgrequiringgoxygengtherapyga
ndgchestgphysiotherapy
D) Ag30-year-
oldghomelessgmangwhoghasgPneumocystisgcariniigpneumoniag(PCP)gandgisgHIVgp
ositive.
Ans:gD
Feedback:
PCPgisgangexamplegofgthegeffectgofgagmoleculegthatgdirectlygcontributesgtogdisease.gSickl
egcellganemia,gfamilialghypercholesterolemia,gandgcysticgfibrosisgaregallgexamplesgofgth
egeffectsgofgabnormalgmolecules.
4. Agmembergofgtheghealthgcaregteamgisgresearchinggthegetiologygandgpathogenesisgofgag
numbergofgclientsgwhogaregunderghisgcaregingaghospitalgcontext.gWhichgofgthegfollowin
ggaspectsgofgclients'gsituationsgbN
esUtgR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sgpCaOt hMo ge n e s i s grathergthangetiology?
A) AgclientgwhoghasgbeengexposedgtogthegMycobacteriumgtuberculosisgbacterium
B) Agclientgwhoghasgincreasinggserumgammoniaglevelsgduegtoglivergcirrhosis
C) Agclientgwhogwasgadmittedgwithgthegeffectsgofgmethylgalcoholgpoisoning
D) Agclientgwithgmultiplegskeletalginjuriesgsecondarygtogagmotorgvehiclegacciden
tgAns:gB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisgrefersgtogthegprogressivegandgevolutionarygcoursegofgdisease,gsuchgasgthegin
creasinggammoniaglevelsgthatgaccompanyglivergdisease.gBacteria,gpoisons,gandgtraumatic
ginjuriesgaregexamplesgofgetiologicgfactors.
, 5. Agnewgmyocardialginfarctiongpatientgrequiringgangioplastygandgstentgplacementghasgarri
vedgtoghisgfirstgcardiacgrehabilitationgappointment.gIngthisgfirstgsession,gagreviewgofgtheg
pathogenesisgofgcoronarygarterygdiseasegisgaddressed.gWhichgstatementgbygthegpatientgv
erifiesgtogthegnursegthatgheghasgunderstoodgthegnurse'sgteachingsgaboutgcoronarygarterygd
isease?
A) “AllgIghavegtogdogisgstopgsmoking,gandgthengIgwon'tghaveganygmoregheartattacks.”
B) “Mygarterygwasgcloggedgbygfat,gsogIgwillgneedgtogstopgeatinggfattygfoodsglik
egFrenchgfriesgeverygday.”
C) “Soundsglikegthisgbegangbecausegofginflammationginsidegmygarterygthatgmadeg
itgeasygtogformgfattygstreaks,gwhichgleadgtogmygcloggedgartery.”
D) “IfgIgdognotgexercisegregularlygtoggetgmygheartgrategup,gbloodgpoolsgingthegveinsg
causinggagclotgthatgstopsgbloodgflowgtogthegmuscle,gandgIgwillghavegagheartgattack
.”
Ans:gC
Feedback:
Thegtruegetiology/causegofgcoronarygarterygdiseaseg(CAD)gisgunknown;ghowever,gthegp
athogenesisgofgthegdisordergrelatesgtogthegprogressiongofgtheginflammatorygprocessgfrom
gagfattygstreakgtogthegocclusivegvesselglesiongseengingpeoplegwithgcoronarygarterygdiseas
e.gRiskgfactorsgforgCADgrevolvegaroundgcigarettegsmoking,gdietghighgingfat,gandglackgof
gexercise.
6. Ag77-year-
oldgmangisgaghospitalginpatientgadmittedgforgexacerbationgofghisgchronicgobstructivegpul
monarygdiseaseg(COPD),gandgagrespiratorygtherapistg(RT)gisgassessinggthegclientgforgthe
gfirstgtime.gWhich NU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsgofgthegpatient'sgcurrentgstategofghealthgwould
gbegbestgcharacterizedgasgagsymptomgrathergthangagsign?
A) Thegpatient'sgoxygengsaturationgisg83%gbygpulsegoxymetry.
B) Thegpatientgnotesgthatgheghasgincreasedgworkgofgbreathinggwhenglyinggsupine.
C) ThegRTghearsgdiminishedgbreathgsoundsgtogthegpatient'sglowerglunggfield
sgbilaterally.
D) Thegpatient'sgrespiratorygrategisg31gbreaths/minute
.gAns:gB
Feedback:
Symptomsgaregsubjectivegcomplaintsgbygthegpersongexperiencinggtheghealthgproblem
,gsuchgasgcomplaintsgofgbreathinggdifficulty.gOxygenglevels,glisteninggtogbreathgsoun
ds,gandgrespiratorygrategaregallgobjective,gobservablegsignsgofgdisease.
g g g g g g
1. Atganginternationalgnursinggconference,gmanygdiscussionsgandgbreakoutgsessionsgfocuse
dgongthegWorldgHealthgOrganizationg(WHO)gviewsgonghealth.gOfgthegfollowinggcomme
ntsgmadegbygnursesgduringgagdiscussiongsession,gwhichgstatementsgwouldgbegconsidered
gaggoodgrepresentationgofgthegWHOgdefinition? gSelectgallgthatgapply.
A) Interestsgingkeepinggthegelderlygpopulationgengagedgingsuchgactivitiesgasgboo
kgreviewsgandgwordggamesgduringgsocialgtime
B) Increasegingthegnumbergofgchairgaerobicsgclassesgprovidedgingthegskilledgcar
egfacilities
C) Interventionsggearedgtowardgkeepinggthegelderlygpopulationgdiagnosedgwithgdiab
etesgmellitusgundergtightgbloodgglucosegcontrolgbygprovidinggin-
homegcookinggclasses
D) Providinggtransportationgforgrenalgdialysisgpatientsgtogandgfromgtheirghemodialysi
sgsessions
E) Providingghandwashinggteachinggsessionsgtogaggroupgofgyounggchildre
ngAns:gA,gB,gC,gE
Feedback:
ThegWHOgdefinitiongofghealthgisgdefinedgasg“agstategofgcompletegphysical,gmental,gandg
socialgwell-
beinggandgnotgmerelygthegabsencegofgdiseasegandginfirmity.”gEngaginggingbookgreviews
gfacilitatesgmentalgandgsocialgwell-being;gchairgaerobicsghelpsgfacilitategphysicalgwell-
being;gandgassistinggwithgtightgcontrolgofgdiabetesghelpsgwithgfacilitatinggphysicalgwell-
beinggevengthoughgthegpersonghasgagchronicgdisease.gHandwashinggisgvitalgingthegpreven
tiongofgdiseasegandgspreadgofggerms.
2. Agcommunityghealthgnursegisgteachinggaggroupgofgrecentggraduatesgaboutgtheglargeg
varietygofgfactorsgthatginfluencegangindividual'sghealthgorglackgthereof.gThegnursegisg
referringgtogthegHealthygPeopleg2020greportgfromgthegU.S.gDepartmentgofgHealthgan
dgHumangServicesgasgagteachinggexample.gOfgthegfollowinggaspectsgdiscussed,gwhi
chgwouldgbegconsideredgagdeterminantgofghealthgthatgisgoutsidegthegfocusgofgthisgrep
ort?
A) ThegclientghasgagdiversegbackgroundgbygbeinggofgAsiangandgNativegAmericang
descentgandgpracticesgvariousgalternativegtherapiesgtogminimizegeffectsgofgstress
.
B) Thegclientghasgagfamilyghistorygofgcardiovasculargdiseasegrelatedgtoghyperc
holesterolemiagandgremainsgnoncompliantgwithgthegtreatmentgregime.
C) Thegclientghasgaggoodgcareergwithgexceptionalgpreventativeghealthgcaregbenefits.
D) Thegclientglivesgingangaffluent,gclean,gsuburbangcommunitygwithgaccessgtogman
yghealthgcaregfacilities.
Ans:gB
Feedback:
IngHealthygPeopleg2020,gthegfocusgisgtogpromoteggoodghealthgtogallg(suchgasgusinggalter
nativegtherapiesgtogminimizegeffectsgofgstress);gachievingghealthgequitygandgpromotingg
healthgforgallg(whichgincludesghavingggoodghealthgcaregbenefits);gandgpromotingggoodgh
ealthg(whichgincludesglivinggingagcleangcommunitygwithggoodgaccessgtoghealthgcare).gAg
client'sgnoncompliancegwithgtreatmentsgtogcontrolghighgcholesterolglevelsgwithingthegpre
sencegofgagfamilyghistorygofgCVgdiseasegdoesgnotgmeetgtheg“attainingglivesgfreegofgprev
entablegdiseasegandgprematuregdeath”gdeterminant.
,3. Agphysiciangisgprovidinggcaregforgagnumbergofgpatientsgongagmedicalgunitgofgaglarge,guni
versityghospital.gThegphysiciangisgdiscussinggwithgagcolleaguegthegdifferentiationgbetwe
engdiseasesgthatgaregcausedgbygabnormalgmoleculesgandgdiseasesgthatgcausegdisease.gWhi
chgofgthegfollowinggpatientsgmostgclearlygdemonstratesgthegconsequencesgofgmoleculesgt
hatgcausegdisease?
A) Ag31-year-
oldgwomangwithgsicklegcellganemiagwhogisgreceivinggagtransfusiongofgpackedgr
edgbloodgcells
B) Ag91-year-
oldgwomangwhoghasgexperiencedgangischemicgstrokegresultinggfromgfamilialg
hypercholesterolemia
C) Ag19-year-
oldgmangwithgexacerbationgofghisgcysticgfibrosisgrequiringgoxygengtherapyga
ndgchestgphysiotherapy
D) Ag30-year-
oldghomelessgmangwhoghasgPneumocystisgcariniigpneumoniag(PCP)gandgisgHIVgp
ositive.
Ans:gD
Feedback:
PCPgisgangexamplegofgthegeffectgofgagmoleculegthatgdirectlygcontributesgtogdisease.gSickl
egcellganemia,gfamilialghypercholesterolemia,gandgcysticgfibrosisgaregallgexamplesgofgth
egeffectsgofgabnormalgmolecules.
4. Agmembergofgtheghealthgcaregteamgisgresearchinggthegetiologygandgpathogenesisgofgag
numbergofgclientsgwhogaregunderghisgcaregingaghospitalgcontext.gWhichgofgthegfollowin
ggaspectsgofgclients'gsituationsgbN
esUtgR
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
sgpCaOt hMo ge n e s i s grathergthangetiology?
A) AgclientgwhoghasgbeengexposedgtogthegMycobacteriumgtuberculosisgbacterium
B) Agclientgwhoghasgincreasinggserumgammoniaglevelsgduegtoglivergcirrhosis
C) Agclientgwhogwasgadmittedgwithgthegeffectsgofgmethylgalcoholgpoisoning
D) Agclientgwithgmultiplegskeletalginjuriesgsecondarygtogagmotorgvehiclegacciden
tgAns:gB
Feedback:
Pathogenesisgrefersgtogthegprogressivegandgevolutionarygcoursegofgdisease,gsuchgasgthegin
creasinggammoniaglevelsgthatgaccompanyglivergdisease.gBacteria,gpoisons,gandgtraumatic
ginjuriesgaregexamplesgofgetiologicgfactors.
, 5. Agnewgmyocardialginfarctiongpatientgrequiringgangioplastygandgstentgplacementghasgarri
vedgtoghisgfirstgcardiacgrehabilitationgappointment.gIngthisgfirstgsession,gagreviewgofgtheg
pathogenesisgofgcoronarygarterygdiseasegisgaddressed.gWhichgstatementgbygthegpatientgv
erifiesgtogthegnursegthatgheghasgunderstoodgthegnurse'sgteachingsgaboutgcoronarygarterygd
isease?
A) “AllgIghavegtogdogisgstopgsmoking,gandgthengIgwon'tghaveganygmoregheartattacks.”
B) “Mygarterygwasgcloggedgbygfat,gsogIgwillgneedgtogstopgeatinggfattygfoodsglik
egFrenchgfriesgeverygday.”
C) “Soundsglikegthisgbegangbecausegofginflammationginsidegmygarterygthatgmadeg
itgeasygtogformgfattygstreaks,gwhichgleadgtogmygcloggedgartery.”
D) “IfgIgdognotgexercisegregularlygtoggetgmygheartgrategup,gbloodgpoolsgingthegveinsg
causinggagclotgthatgstopsgbloodgflowgtogthegmuscle,gandgIgwillghavegagheartgattack
.”
Ans:gC
Feedback:
Thegtruegetiology/causegofgcoronarygarterygdiseaseg(CAD)gisgunknown;ghowever,gthegp
athogenesisgofgthegdisordergrelatesgtogthegprogressiongofgtheginflammatorygprocessgfrom
gagfattygstreakgtogthegocclusivegvesselglesiongseengingpeoplegwithgcoronarygarterygdiseas
e.gRiskgfactorsgforgCADgrevolvegaroundgcigarettegsmoking,gdietghighgingfat,gandglackgof
gexercise.
6. Ag77-year-
oldgmangisgaghospitalginpatientgadmittedgforgexacerbationgofghisgchronicgobstructivegpul
monarygdiseaseg(COPD),gandgagrespiratorygtherapistg(RT)gisgassessinggthegclientgforgthe
gfirstgtime.gWhich NU ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMectsgofgthegpatient'sgcurrentgstategofghealthgwould
gbegbestgcharacterizedgasgagsymptomgrathergthangagsign?
A) Thegpatient'sgoxygengsaturationgisg83%gbygpulsegoxymetry.
B) Thegpatientgnotesgthatgheghasgincreasedgworkgofgbreathinggwhenglyinggsupine.
C) ThegRTghearsgdiminishedgbreathgsoundsgtogthegpatient'sglowerglunggfield
sgbilaterally.
D) Thegpatient'sgrespiratorygrategisg31gbreaths/minute
.gAns:gB
Feedback:
Symptomsgaregsubjectivegcomplaintsgbygthegpersongexperiencinggtheghealthgproblem
,gsuchgasgcomplaintsgofgbreathinggdifficulty.gOxygenglevels,glisteninggtogbreathgsoun
ds,gandgrespiratorygrategaregallgobjective,gobservablegsignsgofgdisease.
