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If the central route is followed, the enhanced thinking of those who respond
favorably to the message will cause their change in position to - ans -persist over
time, resist counter persuasion, predict future behavior (all of the above)
Paul Mongeau and James Stiff claim that ELM - ans -cannot be falsified
The specific process of avoiding information that is discrepant from that which
one already believes is called - ans -selective exposure
Cognitive dissonance will be great if the discrepant act is - ans -difficult to reverse
According to Festinger, the $1/$20 experiment illustrates - ans -dissonance is
created by a person doing something for a smaller reward
Dieter Frey found that selective exposure does not operate if - ans -we do not
regard the information as a threat
Elliot Aronson extended Festinger's theory by - ans -calling attention to the
relationship between dissonance and effort // emphasizing psychological, rather
than logical, inconsistency (both A and B)
The focus of cognitive dissonance is - ans -attitude change
According to Festinger's minimal justification hypothesis, the best way to affect
long-term attitudinal change is to - ans -persuade your subjects to change their
behavior, and their attitudes will follow
For Joel cooper, dissonance is generated by - ans -the knowledge that one's
actions have unnecessarily hurt another person
Having run his own $1/$20 experiment, Daryl Bem argues that - ans -self-
perception is a simpler explanation of the observed behavior than is cognitive
dissonance
, Cognitive dissonance theory has been criticized for being too - ans -difficult to test
Which of the following is not a requisite function of effective decision making? -
ans -appropriate questioning
The single most problematic obstacle to completing group tasks is - ans -none of
the above
Which of the following is not included in Hirokawa and Gouran's list of types of
communication in decision-making groups? - ans -collegial
According to Hirokawa and Gouran, most comments from group members - ans -
interrupt rather than promote progress toward the goal
Using FOICS checklist, raters are asked to judge - ans -which of the four requisite
functions, if any, an utterance addresses // whether the utterance facilities or
inhibits the group's focus on a particular function (both A and B)
Hirokawa and Gouran are particularly wary of - ans -gut feelings unsupported by
reasonable evidence
John Dewey's reflective thinking - ans -parallels a doctor's approach to treating a
patient
According to the functional perspective, a low-status member of a group - ans -
should insist on a careful process in order to influence the final decision
Stohl and Holmes contend that most real-life groups - ans -have a prior decision-
making history and are imbedded within a larger organization
Which of the following is offered as a critique of the functional theory? - ans -
overstates a rational approach, separating it from other aspects of group life
The basic unit of analysis for SCT is a - ans -fantasy theme