3/23/25, 7:38 APEA 3P Exam Flashcards |
AM
APEA 3P EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (204)
Most common type of skin cancer in USA Skin cancer
Most common type of skin cancer basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma symptoms Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white
Basal cell carcinoma common locations cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms, back
basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm
standard
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
Actinic keratosis numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
Biopsy.
Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard
if not an option, refer to derm
small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze,
Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard crust, scab and be red
*5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!*
chronic red scaly rough textured lesion w/ irregular borders
squamous cell cancer
crusting or bleeding may be present
Squamous cell carcinoma common rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands
locations
precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer actinic keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by? biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV
and both non-melanoma) light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
asymmetry (shape/uneven texture)
border (irregular/notched/blurred)
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, 3/23/25, 7:38 APEA 3P Exam Flashcards |
AM
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)
diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE)
may be itchy
Most common type of melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
Acral lengtiginous melanoma --> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or
mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
soft, round, wart-like growth that is light tan to black and looks pasted on
seborrheic keratosis
asymptomatic &benign
Streptococcus pneumoniae- most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria
Escherichia coli
*others
High fever
Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache
Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic
Triad=neck up
Triad)
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions
(purpura) which are non-blanchable
Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease yes!
IV Abx ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after
initial fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial
Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation, mannitol to diurese the
brain), low stim environment, tx complications that may arrive and support family
Close contacts should be treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2 days
Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close **Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts
encounter
**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY
Tests for meningeal irritation
Patient supine, raise BACK of head and flex chin towards chest
Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation)
+ result if pt automatically beds both hips
--Brudzinski and back of head start with B as well as bends--
Tests for meningeal irritation
patient supine. flex patients hips and knees in a right angle, then slowly
Kernig's sign straighten/extend the legs up
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11
AM
APEA 3P EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (204)
Most common type of skin cancer in USA Skin cancer
Most common type of skin cancer basal cell carcinoma
basal cell carcinoma symptoms Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white
Basal cell carcinoma common locations cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms, back
basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm
standard
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
Actinic keratosis numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture
--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas
Biopsy.
Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard
if not an option, refer to derm
small- cryotherapy
large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze,
Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard crust, scab and be red
*5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!*
chronic red scaly rough textured lesion w/ irregular borders
squamous cell cancer
crusting or bleeding may be present
Squamous cell carcinoma common rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top of hands
locations
precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer actinic keratosis
squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by? biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an option, refer to dermatology .
Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma Blistering sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV
and both non-melanoma) light (sunlight/tanning beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer
asymmetry (shape/uneven texture)
border (irregular/notched/blurred)
1/
11
, 3/23/25, 7:38 APEA 3P Exam Flashcards |
AM
color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)
diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)
evolving (changes in color/size/shape)
Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE)
may be itchy
Most common type of melanoma in dark skinned individuals (blacks & asians)
Acral lengtiginous melanoma --> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or
mole in the palms, or the soles of the feet
soft, round, wart-like growth that is light tan to black and looks pasted on
seborrheic keratosis
asymptomatic &benign
Streptococcus pneumoniae- most common strain
Haemophilus influenzae
Neisseria meningitidis
Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria
Escherichia coli
*others
High fever
Nuchal rigidity
rapid change in mental status w/ headache
Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic
Triad=neck up
Triad)
erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions
(purpura) which are non-blanchable
Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease yes!
IV Abx ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first 24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after
initial fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and reduce increased intra cranial
Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation, mannitol to diurese the
brain), low stim environment, tx complications that may arrive and support family
Close contacts should be treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2 days
Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close **Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts
encounter
**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY
Tests for meningeal irritation
Patient supine, raise BACK of head and flex chin towards chest
Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation)
+ result if pt automatically beds both hips
--Brudzinski and back of head start with B as well as bends--
Tests for meningeal irritation
patient supine. flex patients hips and knees in a right angle, then slowly
Kernig's sign straighten/extend the legs up
2/
11
