3/23/25, 7:44 FNP - pre-test Flashcards |
AM
FNP - PRE-TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (109)
Orchitis can occur in males infected with mumps
2 viral infections caused by Coxsackie hand foot and mouth disease and herpangina
viruses are
quinolines can increase sensitivity to sun
scalp edema - Caput succedaneum is a common finding in newborns. It is a result of
pressure over the presenting part. This results in some ecchymosis of the scalp.
caput succedaneum
While this may be disturbing to new parents who observe this in their newborn, it
will resolve in a few days and is harmless
What laboratory test can be used to help ELISA - this is the most common initial test for Lyme - if positive, it should be
diagnose Lyme disease confirmed with western blot
Erysipelas involves the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics; usually caused by strep
involves deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat - caused by staph and less commonly,
cellulitis
strep
Hepatic cirrhosis - Rounding of the distal phalanx describes clubbing. Clubbing of
A 60 year-old patient is noted to have
fingers is most often associated with chronic hypoxia as seen in cigarette
rounding of the distal phalanx of
smokers and patients with COPD or lung cancer. Other causes are cirrhosis, cystic
the fingers. What might have caused
fibrosis,
this?
pulmonary fibrosis and cyanotic heart disease.
A patient is diagnosed with tinea pedis. A hyphae - Under microscopic exam, hyphae are long, thin and branching, and
microscopic examination of the sample indicate dermatophytic infections. Hyphae are typical in tinea pedis, tinea cruris,
taken from the infected area would likely and tinea corporis. Yeasts are usually seen in candidal infections. Cocci and rods
demonstrate: are
specific to bacterial infections
Borellia - Lyme ...
Koilonychia is the term that describes spoon shaped nails. Spoon shaped nails
A patient is found to have koilonychia. What
may be present in patients with long-standing iron deficiency anemia. A CBC
laboratory test would be prudent to
should be performed to assess for anemia. The most common symptoms of iron
perform?
deficiency
anemia are weakness, headache, irritability, fatigue, and exercise intolerance.
used to determine presence of hyphae - A Wood's lamp emits ultraviolet light when
wood's lamp turned on. If an area fluoresces under Wood's lamp illumination, a fungal (and
sometimes bacterial) infection should be suspected.
3-4 weeks after primary infection; Patients with subsequent infections with scabies
The incubation period for scabies is about
will develop symptoms in 1-3 days.
#1 goal with sinusitis is to promote drainage - do NOT use antihistamines
IDSA says oral decongestants (sudafed, may benefit it it's AVRS with euastachian tube dysfunction
phenylephrine) not helpful in ABRS
1st line med for ABRS in adults augmentin (500 TID or 875 BI)
1/
5
, 3/23/25, 7:44 FNP - pre-test Flashcards |
AM
augmentin 875/125 has less side effects - dosed BID so 250 of clavulanate vs. 375 with the 500/175 TID dosing - clavulanate is
why a potassium salt and causes diarrhea
if penicillin allergy, what is first line for doxycline - if can't use doxy, can use respiratory quinolone
treating ABRS in adults
do NOT use what med class for ABRS macrolides - high resistance rate; do not use bactrim or 2nd or 3rd gen ceph
amoxicillin - do not use sulfa drugs or azithromycin; can use cefdinir, cefuroxime,
first line for ABRS tx in peds
cefpodoxine
how long to tx ABRS 5-7 days - evidence says equal efficacy, better compliance, fewer complications
most common pathogens for pharyngitis / viral agents (influenza, rhinovirus, and more)
tonsillitis
tonsillar exudate, fever and absent cough high likelihood of GAStrep
to determine need for tx, culture, etc. with pharyngitis complaint (positives are
Centor Score absence of cough, swollen anterior lymph nodes, tonsillar exudate or swelling) if
age, one point for 3-14, 0 points for 15-44, -1 points for > 45 years
if adult has centor score ≥ 3, do rapid strep ...
test
cough and sore throat can indicate GERD, ...
esp in older patients
scarlet fever (scarlatina) is a sequela to strep
describe the rash of scarlet fever sandpaper texture, strawberry tongue, skin desquamations
some kids will have stomach pain this is due to the exotoxin rupture and the effect it has on child
and nausea a few days after starting
abx for strep
strep - heart valves are magnets for the bacteria - take PCN before or 30 mins after
bacterial endocarditis is secondary to
the procedure to virtually eliminate the risk
NOT read for MVP with regurgitation, GI or GU procedures - IS required for patients
who needs prophylaxis against bacterial
with high risk of adverse outcomes - prosthetic valve repair, congenital heart
endocarditis
disease or repairs)
severe sore throat, fever, muffled voice, drooling, hoarseness, sniffing position
epiglottitis sx
(hyperextension of cervical spine -patient is looking up cuz it opens airway more)
tetrad of mono fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, fatigue
which nodes in mono are most likely to be POSTERIOR cervical
enlarged
monospot will be negative if taken too 2nd or 3rd week of illness - if negative and sx persist, repeat in one week
early in disease course - most likely to be
positive when
> 50% of ppl have elevated liver ...
enzymes with mono
where is nose bleed most likely to occur Kiesselbach's plexus - anterior (90% of nose bleeds are here)
epistaxis most common in what ages < 10, 45-65 years
you must refer all posterior nose bleeds can involve carotid or sphenopalatine artery - needs immediate attention
what is the single most effective tx inhaled steroids - they DOWN REGULATE the inflammatory response
for allergic rhinitis
zyrtec (cetirizine) is the most sedating of ...
the 2nd gen antihistamines
2/
5
AM
FNP - PRE-TEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (109)
Orchitis can occur in males infected with mumps
2 viral infections caused by Coxsackie hand foot and mouth disease and herpangina
viruses are
quinolines can increase sensitivity to sun
scalp edema - Caput succedaneum is a common finding in newborns. It is a result of
pressure over the presenting part. This results in some ecchymosis of the scalp.
caput succedaneum
While this may be disturbing to new parents who observe this in their newborn, it
will resolve in a few days and is harmless
What laboratory test can be used to help ELISA - this is the most common initial test for Lyme - if positive, it should be
diagnose Lyme disease confirmed with western blot
Erysipelas involves the upper dermis and superficial lymphatics; usually caused by strep
involves deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat - caused by staph and less commonly,
cellulitis
strep
Hepatic cirrhosis - Rounding of the distal phalanx describes clubbing. Clubbing of
A 60 year-old patient is noted to have
fingers is most often associated with chronic hypoxia as seen in cigarette
rounding of the distal phalanx of
smokers and patients with COPD or lung cancer. Other causes are cirrhosis, cystic
the fingers. What might have caused
fibrosis,
this?
pulmonary fibrosis and cyanotic heart disease.
A patient is diagnosed with tinea pedis. A hyphae - Under microscopic exam, hyphae are long, thin and branching, and
microscopic examination of the sample indicate dermatophytic infections. Hyphae are typical in tinea pedis, tinea cruris,
taken from the infected area would likely and tinea corporis. Yeasts are usually seen in candidal infections. Cocci and rods
demonstrate: are
specific to bacterial infections
Borellia - Lyme ...
Koilonychia is the term that describes spoon shaped nails. Spoon shaped nails
A patient is found to have koilonychia. What
may be present in patients with long-standing iron deficiency anemia. A CBC
laboratory test would be prudent to
should be performed to assess for anemia. The most common symptoms of iron
perform?
deficiency
anemia are weakness, headache, irritability, fatigue, and exercise intolerance.
used to determine presence of hyphae - A Wood's lamp emits ultraviolet light when
wood's lamp turned on. If an area fluoresces under Wood's lamp illumination, a fungal (and
sometimes bacterial) infection should be suspected.
3-4 weeks after primary infection; Patients with subsequent infections with scabies
The incubation period for scabies is about
will develop symptoms in 1-3 days.
#1 goal with sinusitis is to promote drainage - do NOT use antihistamines
IDSA says oral decongestants (sudafed, may benefit it it's AVRS with euastachian tube dysfunction
phenylephrine) not helpful in ABRS
1st line med for ABRS in adults augmentin (500 TID or 875 BI)
1/
5
, 3/23/25, 7:44 FNP - pre-test Flashcards |
AM
augmentin 875/125 has less side effects - dosed BID so 250 of clavulanate vs. 375 with the 500/175 TID dosing - clavulanate is
why a potassium salt and causes diarrhea
if penicillin allergy, what is first line for doxycline - if can't use doxy, can use respiratory quinolone
treating ABRS in adults
do NOT use what med class for ABRS macrolides - high resistance rate; do not use bactrim or 2nd or 3rd gen ceph
amoxicillin - do not use sulfa drugs or azithromycin; can use cefdinir, cefuroxime,
first line for ABRS tx in peds
cefpodoxine
how long to tx ABRS 5-7 days - evidence says equal efficacy, better compliance, fewer complications
most common pathogens for pharyngitis / viral agents (influenza, rhinovirus, and more)
tonsillitis
tonsillar exudate, fever and absent cough high likelihood of GAStrep
to determine need for tx, culture, etc. with pharyngitis complaint (positives are
Centor Score absence of cough, swollen anterior lymph nodes, tonsillar exudate or swelling) if
age, one point for 3-14, 0 points for 15-44, -1 points for > 45 years
if adult has centor score ≥ 3, do rapid strep ...
test
cough and sore throat can indicate GERD, ...
esp in older patients
scarlet fever (scarlatina) is a sequela to strep
describe the rash of scarlet fever sandpaper texture, strawberry tongue, skin desquamations
some kids will have stomach pain this is due to the exotoxin rupture and the effect it has on child
and nausea a few days after starting
abx for strep
strep - heart valves are magnets for the bacteria - take PCN before or 30 mins after
bacterial endocarditis is secondary to
the procedure to virtually eliminate the risk
NOT read for MVP with regurgitation, GI or GU procedures - IS required for patients
who needs prophylaxis against bacterial
with high risk of adverse outcomes - prosthetic valve repair, congenital heart
endocarditis
disease or repairs)
severe sore throat, fever, muffled voice, drooling, hoarseness, sniffing position
epiglottitis sx
(hyperextension of cervical spine -patient is looking up cuz it opens airway more)
tetrad of mono fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, fatigue
which nodes in mono are most likely to be POSTERIOR cervical
enlarged
monospot will be negative if taken too 2nd or 3rd week of illness - if negative and sx persist, repeat in one week
early in disease course - most likely to be
positive when
> 50% of ppl have elevated liver ...
enzymes with mono
where is nose bleed most likely to occur Kiesselbach's plexus - anterior (90% of nose bleeds are here)
epistaxis most common in what ages < 10, 45-65 years
you must refer all posterior nose bleeds can involve carotid or sphenopalatine artery - needs immediate attention
what is the single most effective tx inhaled steroids - they DOWN REGULATE the inflammatory response
for allergic rhinitis
zyrtec (cetirizine) is the most sedating of ...
the 2nd gen antihistamines
2/
5
