3/23/25, 7:45 FNP Review questions Flashcards |
AM
FNP REVIEW QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST
RELEASE 2025
Terms in this set (49)
d. Diabetes mellitus
According to the National Heart, Lung Rationale:
and Blood Institute, which In determining whether a patient should be treated for hyperlipidemia, a
characteristic listed below is a patient's risk factors must be determined. After assessing fasting lipids,
coronary heart disease (CHD) risk specifically LDLs, CHD equivalents must be identified. These are diabetes,
equivalent; that is, which risk factor symptomatic carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease, abnormal
places the patient at similar risk for
aortic aneurysm, and multiple risk factors that confer a 10 year risk of CHD
CHD as a history of CHD?
> 20%. Major CHD risk factors are elevated LDL cholesterol, cigarette
a. Hypertension smoking, hypertension, low HDL cholesterol, family history of premature
b. Cigarette smoking CHD [in male first degree relatives (FDR) < 55years; female FDR, 65 years]
c. Male age > 45 years , and age (men ≥ 45 years, women ≥ 55 years). Patients with 2 or more
d. Diabetes mellitus risk factors should have a 10 risk assessment performed and treated
accordingly.
a. to fast for 12 to 14 hours
A patient will be screened for
hyperlipidemia via a serum specimen. Rationale:
He should be told: Serum total and HDL cholesterol can be measured in fasting or non-fasting
a. to fast for 12 to 14 hours individuals. There are very small and clinically insignificant differences in
b. to fast for 6 to 8 hours these values when fasting or not. The primary effect of eating on a patient's
c. that black coffee is allowed lipid values is on the triglyceride levels. The maximum effect of eating on
d. a non-fasting state will not affect triglyceride levels occurs at 3 to 4 hours after eating, but there may be
the results several peaks during a 12-hour period. Therefore, the most accurate
triglyceride levels will be obtained following a 12-hour fast.
A 65-year-old male patient has the c. HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors
following lipid levels:
Rationale:
Total cholesterol = 240 mg/dL The only medication class that reduces elevated lipid levels and has proven
LDL = 140 mg/dL efficacy in reducing risk of cardiac events, even for primary prevention, is a
HDL = 35 mg/dL HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, a statin. Statin therapy has been shown to
Triglycerides = 129 mg/dL reduce overall mortality due to cardiovascular deaths. The statin should
significantly reduce his total cholesterol and LDL levels.
What class of medications is
preferred to normalize his lipid levels
and reduce his risk of a cardiac
event?
a. Niacin
b. Fibric acids
c. HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors
d. Bile acid sequestrants
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, 3/23/25, 7:45 FNP Review questions Flashcards |
AM
b. TSH
Which test listed below may be used
to exclude a secondary cause of Rationale:
hyperlipidemia in a patient with Patients who have dyslipidemia should be screened for diabetes, renal
elevated lipids? disease, and hypothyroidism. Nephrotic syndrome can produce remarkably
a. CBC elevated cholesterol levels. Therefore, measurements of glucose,
b. TSH creatinine, and thyroid stimulating hormone should be performed when
c. Urine culture and sensitivity elevating dyslipidemia. Sedimentation rate is a measurement of non-
d. Sedimentation rate specific inflammation and so it is not helpful in this situation. Specifically,
hypothyroidism can produce marked lipid abnormalities.
d. in conjunction with diet and exercise
In order to reduce lipid levels, statins Rationale:
are most beneficial when taken: Statins are used to reduce elevated level of lipids in conjunction with
a. once daily in the AM modifications in diet and exercise. The timing of statin dosing and and
b. always with food indication with food (or not) is different for each statin. Most patients who
c. with an aspirin in the evening take statins are also candidates for aspirin therapy as primary or secondary
d. in conjunction with diet and exercise prevention, but aspirin does not improve statin tolerance. Statins are
correctly taken once daily.
A patient is taking atorvastatin for c. Order a CPK level
newly diagnosed dyslipidemia
complains of muscle aches in his
Rationale:
upper and lower legs for the past 3-
This patient has a complaint of myalgias that could be associated with
weeks. It has not improved with rest.
How should this be evaluated? statin use. This patient should be assessed for rhabdomyolysis. This is done
by measuring a CPK level. If this level is elevated, atorvastatin should be
a. Stop the atorvastatin immediately.
stopped immediately. Liver enzymes would not assess for the etiology of
b. Check liver enzymes first.
myalgias.
c. Order a CPK level
They assess tolerance of statins in the liver. Nighttime muscle cramps are
d. Ask about nighttime muscle cramps. not associated with statin use.
Which hypertensive patient is most d. 70-year-old African American male
likely to have adverse blood pressure
effects from excessive sodium
Rationale:
consumption?
Two groups of patients typically experience adverse blood pressure effects
a. 21-year-old Asian American male from consumption of sodium greater than 2,000 mg daily. Those patients
b. 35-year-old menstruating female considered to be most sodium sensitive are elderly patients and African
c. 55-year-old post menopausal female American patients.
d. 70-year-old African American male
A patient with poorly controlled b. headache
hypertension and history of
myocardial infarction 6-years-ago
Rationale:
presents today with mild shortness of
Fatigue is a common symptom in cardiac patients that can represent a
breath. He takes quinapril, ASA,
metoprolol, and a statin daily. What worsening of many cardiac diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart
symptom in NOT indicative of a heart failure, and valvular dysfunction. Orthopnea and cough, especially
failure exacerbation? nocturnal, are classic symptoms of heart failure.
a. fatigue
b. headache
c. orthopnea
d. cough
2/12
AM
FNP REVIEW QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS LATEST
RELEASE 2025
Terms in this set (49)
d. Diabetes mellitus
According to the National Heart, Lung Rationale:
and Blood Institute, which In determining whether a patient should be treated for hyperlipidemia, a
characteristic listed below is a patient's risk factors must be determined. After assessing fasting lipids,
coronary heart disease (CHD) risk specifically LDLs, CHD equivalents must be identified. These are diabetes,
equivalent; that is, which risk factor symptomatic carotid artery disease, peripheral artery disease, abnormal
places the patient at similar risk for
aortic aneurysm, and multiple risk factors that confer a 10 year risk of CHD
CHD as a history of CHD?
> 20%. Major CHD risk factors are elevated LDL cholesterol, cigarette
a. Hypertension smoking, hypertension, low HDL cholesterol, family history of premature
b. Cigarette smoking CHD [in male first degree relatives (FDR) < 55years; female FDR, 65 years]
c. Male age > 45 years , and age (men ≥ 45 years, women ≥ 55 years). Patients with 2 or more
d. Diabetes mellitus risk factors should have a 10 risk assessment performed and treated
accordingly.
a. to fast for 12 to 14 hours
A patient will be screened for
hyperlipidemia via a serum specimen. Rationale:
He should be told: Serum total and HDL cholesterol can be measured in fasting or non-fasting
a. to fast for 12 to 14 hours individuals. There are very small and clinically insignificant differences in
b. to fast for 6 to 8 hours these values when fasting or not. The primary effect of eating on a patient's
c. that black coffee is allowed lipid values is on the triglyceride levels. The maximum effect of eating on
d. a non-fasting state will not affect triglyceride levels occurs at 3 to 4 hours after eating, but there may be
the results several peaks during a 12-hour period. Therefore, the most accurate
triglyceride levels will be obtained following a 12-hour fast.
A 65-year-old male patient has the c. HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors
following lipid levels:
Rationale:
Total cholesterol = 240 mg/dL The only medication class that reduces elevated lipid levels and has proven
LDL = 140 mg/dL efficacy in reducing risk of cardiac events, even for primary prevention, is a
HDL = 35 mg/dL HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, a statin. Statin therapy has been shown to
Triglycerides = 129 mg/dL reduce overall mortality due to cardiovascular deaths. The statin should
significantly reduce his total cholesterol and LDL levels.
What class of medications is
preferred to normalize his lipid levels
and reduce his risk of a cardiac
event?
a. Niacin
b. Fibric acids
c. HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors
d. Bile acid sequestrants
1/12
, 3/23/25, 7:45 FNP Review questions Flashcards |
AM
b. TSH
Which test listed below may be used
to exclude a secondary cause of Rationale:
hyperlipidemia in a patient with Patients who have dyslipidemia should be screened for diabetes, renal
elevated lipids? disease, and hypothyroidism. Nephrotic syndrome can produce remarkably
a. CBC elevated cholesterol levels. Therefore, measurements of glucose,
b. TSH creatinine, and thyroid stimulating hormone should be performed when
c. Urine culture and sensitivity elevating dyslipidemia. Sedimentation rate is a measurement of non-
d. Sedimentation rate specific inflammation and so it is not helpful in this situation. Specifically,
hypothyroidism can produce marked lipid abnormalities.
d. in conjunction with diet and exercise
In order to reduce lipid levels, statins Rationale:
are most beneficial when taken: Statins are used to reduce elevated level of lipids in conjunction with
a. once daily in the AM modifications in diet and exercise. The timing of statin dosing and and
b. always with food indication with food (or not) is different for each statin. Most patients who
c. with an aspirin in the evening take statins are also candidates for aspirin therapy as primary or secondary
d. in conjunction with diet and exercise prevention, but aspirin does not improve statin tolerance. Statins are
correctly taken once daily.
A patient is taking atorvastatin for c. Order a CPK level
newly diagnosed dyslipidemia
complains of muscle aches in his
Rationale:
upper and lower legs for the past 3-
This patient has a complaint of myalgias that could be associated with
weeks. It has not improved with rest.
How should this be evaluated? statin use. This patient should be assessed for rhabdomyolysis. This is done
by measuring a CPK level. If this level is elevated, atorvastatin should be
a. Stop the atorvastatin immediately.
stopped immediately. Liver enzymes would not assess for the etiology of
b. Check liver enzymes first.
myalgias.
c. Order a CPK level
They assess tolerance of statins in the liver. Nighttime muscle cramps are
d. Ask about nighttime muscle cramps. not associated with statin use.
Which hypertensive patient is most d. 70-year-old African American male
likely to have adverse blood pressure
effects from excessive sodium
Rationale:
consumption?
Two groups of patients typically experience adverse blood pressure effects
a. 21-year-old Asian American male from consumption of sodium greater than 2,000 mg daily. Those patients
b. 35-year-old menstruating female considered to be most sodium sensitive are elderly patients and African
c. 55-year-old post menopausal female American patients.
d. 70-year-old African American male
A patient with poorly controlled b. headache
hypertension and history of
myocardial infarction 6-years-ago
Rationale:
presents today with mild shortness of
Fatigue is a common symptom in cardiac patients that can represent a
breath. He takes quinapril, ASA,
metoprolol, and a statin daily. What worsening of many cardiac diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart
symptom in NOT indicative of a heart failure, and valvular dysfunction. Orthopnea and cough, especially
failure exacerbation? nocturnal, are classic symptoms of heart failure.
a. fatigue
b. headache
c. orthopnea
d. cough
2/12
