3/23/25, 7:55 NR661 Boards Review Flashcards |
AM
NR661 BOARDS REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (938)
Nontreponemal tests (VDRL = venereal dz research lab; RPR = rapid plasma reagin;
TRUST = toluidine red unheated serum test).
Syphilis screening
Treponemal tests: used to confirm nontreponemal tests, reported as reactive or
nonreactive, quantitative.
If TSH high: get repeat + free T4
If repeat TSH high/free T4 low: primary hypothyroidism (start levothyroxine, recheck
Thyroid testing in 6w, then annually once euthyroid)
If repeat TSH high/free T4 normal: subclinical hypothyroidism (no replacement until
TSH >10).
Therapeutic INR range: 2-3 for most people w/chronic afib.
INR <5 w/out bleeding: stop warfarin temporarily, recheck INR next day, decrease
dose when INR is closer to therapeutic range.
Warfarin Management
Pt at high risk for bleeding, is bleeding, or INR >4: vit K. High
risk pt: maybe hospitalize/monitor.
Low risk pt: maybe outpt monitoring.
Indicates inflammation or infection.
WBCs in stool Pt s/s infectious etiology? Consider bacterial/viral infections.
Pt w/out s/s infection? Consider Crohn's or UC.
S. pneumo most likely (age extremes).
Geriatric pneumonia tx Consider consequences of potential tx failure.
Rx: resp quinolone (monitor for long QT in geri pt's on quinolones)
Medical emergency!
Cauda equina syndrome
S/s: urinary retention w/overflow incontinence, saddle anesthesia, sciatica (BLE), leg
weakness (antalgic gait).
Pill-rolling tremor = early s/s, occurs at rest, worse w/emotional stress, better/ceases
Parkinson's
w/sleep
Beta blockers (can precipitate bronchoconstriction; ophthalmic can exert systemic
Meds to use cautiously/not at all in asthma
effects).
Do renal stones typically present w/fever? No
Yes
Are OTC preg tests accurate? High sensitivity/specificity
+ UPT will correlate w/serum (hCG)
1/
8
, 3/23/25, 7:55 NR661 Boards Review Flashcards |
AM
Prostate tender (esp. w/BMs)
Common cause <35yo: STD (gon/chla).
Acute bacterial prostatitis
Screen for STDs (if -, urinary pathogen is likely)
If PSA up at dx: elective recheck in 4w
Optic nerve
CN II Responsible for vision
Snellen chart
At 65yo: give x1 no matter what.
If given before 65yo and 5yrs has lapsed: give one now, then other in 1yr
Geri pneumococcal vax recommendations
Two vax available: PCV13 & PPSV23
Routine revax not recommended.
Flu dx Based on nasal swab results
Tends to occur throughout preg
Preg women more likely to be abused than non-preg.
Abuse in preg
When women abused before preg, abuse generally escalates during.
Abuse not specific to certain trimester.
Initial: H&P critical (location of lump, how/when first noticed, any nipple discharge,
Breast lump evaluation
any changes in sizes esp. r/t menses, family hx).
DRE: clinically insignificant (about 0.26-0.4 x48-72h)
Cause PSA increase Prostate Bx: increases about 8 x4wks after bx
Prostate infection/ejaculation: significant increases in varying amounts
Some pain expected, won't cause permanent
injury Gradually engage in ADLs, normal
Lumbar strain pt education
walking as tol. Will speed up return to normal
act.
No bedrest (pts feel better sooner, fewer complications when avoided).
Inflammation of ligaments in plantar fascia (thick white tissue that starts at heel, runs
under foot to toes, supports foot when walking).
Pts at higher risk: long-distance runners, dancers, people on their feet for long time.
Plantar fasciitis
Dx: based on PE (no imaging)
Tx: rest, ice, short-term NSAIDs, stretching exercises, orthotics, steroids.
Anemia of chronic dz Usually normocytic/chromic (30% microcytic).
Common in preg.
Monitor for pre-eclampsia, HF, etc.
Lower extrem. edema
Tx: rest/elevation of legs
No longer considered criterion for pre-eclampsia.
"Kissing dz"
Epstein Barr virus
Mono "3 F's and an L": Fever, PHaryngitis, Fatigue, Lymphadenopathy
Lymphocytosis (incr. number of circulating lymphocytes, usually predominant WBC
in viral infections, esp. mono; lymphocytes usually decreased in bact. infections).
2/
8
AM
NR661 BOARDS REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (938)
Nontreponemal tests (VDRL = venereal dz research lab; RPR = rapid plasma reagin;
TRUST = toluidine red unheated serum test).
Syphilis screening
Treponemal tests: used to confirm nontreponemal tests, reported as reactive or
nonreactive, quantitative.
If TSH high: get repeat + free T4
If repeat TSH high/free T4 low: primary hypothyroidism (start levothyroxine, recheck
Thyroid testing in 6w, then annually once euthyroid)
If repeat TSH high/free T4 normal: subclinical hypothyroidism (no replacement until
TSH >10).
Therapeutic INR range: 2-3 for most people w/chronic afib.
INR <5 w/out bleeding: stop warfarin temporarily, recheck INR next day, decrease
dose when INR is closer to therapeutic range.
Warfarin Management
Pt at high risk for bleeding, is bleeding, or INR >4: vit K. High
risk pt: maybe hospitalize/monitor.
Low risk pt: maybe outpt monitoring.
Indicates inflammation or infection.
WBCs in stool Pt s/s infectious etiology? Consider bacterial/viral infections.
Pt w/out s/s infection? Consider Crohn's or UC.
S. pneumo most likely (age extremes).
Geriatric pneumonia tx Consider consequences of potential tx failure.
Rx: resp quinolone (monitor for long QT in geri pt's on quinolones)
Medical emergency!
Cauda equina syndrome
S/s: urinary retention w/overflow incontinence, saddle anesthesia, sciatica (BLE), leg
weakness (antalgic gait).
Pill-rolling tremor = early s/s, occurs at rest, worse w/emotional stress, better/ceases
Parkinson's
w/sleep
Beta blockers (can precipitate bronchoconstriction; ophthalmic can exert systemic
Meds to use cautiously/not at all in asthma
effects).
Do renal stones typically present w/fever? No
Yes
Are OTC preg tests accurate? High sensitivity/specificity
+ UPT will correlate w/serum (hCG)
1/
8
, 3/23/25, 7:55 NR661 Boards Review Flashcards |
AM
Prostate tender (esp. w/BMs)
Common cause <35yo: STD (gon/chla).
Acute bacterial prostatitis
Screen for STDs (if -, urinary pathogen is likely)
If PSA up at dx: elective recheck in 4w
Optic nerve
CN II Responsible for vision
Snellen chart
At 65yo: give x1 no matter what.
If given before 65yo and 5yrs has lapsed: give one now, then other in 1yr
Geri pneumococcal vax recommendations
Two vax available: PCV13 & PPSV23
Routine revax not recommended.
Flu dx Based on nasal swab results
Tends to occur throughout preg
Preg women more likely to be abused than non-preg.
Abuse in preg
When women abused before preg, abuse generally escalates during.
Abuse not specific to certain trimester.
Initial: H&P critical (location of lump, how/when first noticed, any nipple discharge,
Breast lump evaluation
any changes in sizes esp. r/t menses, family hx).
DRE: clinically insignificant (about 0.26-0.4 x48-72h)
Cause PSA increase Prostate Bx: increases about 8 x4wks after bx
Prostate infection/ejaculation: significant increases in varying amounts
Some pain expected, won't cause permanent
injury Gradually engage in ADLs, normal
Lumbar strain pt education
walking as tol. Will speed up return to normal
act.
No bedrest (pts feel better sooner, fewer complications when avoided).
Inflammation of ligaments in plantar fascia (thick white tissue that starts at heel, runs
under foot to toes, supports foot when walking).
Pts at higher risk: long-distance runners, dancers, people on their feet for long time.
Plantar fasciitis
Dx: based on PE (no imaging)
Tx: rest, ice, short-term NSAIDs, stretching exercises, orthotics, steroids.
Anemia of chronic dz Usually normocytic/chromic (30% microcytic).
Common in preg.
Monitor for pre-eclampsia, HF, etc.
Lower extrem. edema
Tx: rest/elevation of legs
No longer considered criterion for pre-eclampsia.
"Kissing dz"
Epstein Barr virus
Mono "3 F's and an L": Fever, PHaryngitis, Fatigue, Lymphadenopathy
Lymphocytosis (incr. number of circulating lymphocytes, usually predominant WBC
in viral infections, esp. mono; lymphocytes usually decreased in bact. infections).
2/
8
