3/23/25, 8:17 Pediatric Cardiac Questions |
AM
PEDIATRIC CARDIAC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Terms in this set (32)
A child diagnosed with tetralogy of fallot Answer: D.
becomes upset, crying and thrashing
around when a blood specimen is the child is experiencing a "tet spell" or hypoxic episode. Therefore the nurse
obtained. The child's color becomes blue should place the child in a knee-to-chest position. Flexing the legs reduces venous
and respiratory rate increases to 44 bpm. flow of blood from lower extremities and reduces the volume of blood being
Which of the following actions would the shunted
nurse do first? through the interventricular septal defect and the overriding aorta in the child
with tetralogy of fallot. As a result, the blood then entering the systemic
a) obtain an order for sedation for the child circulation has higher oxygen content, and dyspnea is reduced. Flexing the
b) assess for an irregular heart rate and legs also increases
rhythm vascular resistance and pressure in the left ventricle. An infant often assumes a knee-
c) explain to the child that it will only to-chest position to relieve dyspnea. If this position is ineffective, then the child may
hurt for a short time need sedative. Once the child is in this position, the nurse may assess for an
d) place the child in knee-to-chest position irregular heart rate and rhythm. Explaining tho the child that it will only hurt for a
short time does nothing to alleviate hypoxia.
Answer: B
The mother of a child with tetralogy of
Fallot asks the nurse why her child Clubbing of the fingers is one common finding in the child with persistent hypoxia
has clubbed fingers. The nurse leading to tissue changes in the body because of the low oxygen content of
bases the response on the the blood (hypoxemia). It apparently results from tissue fibrosis and hypertrophy
understanding that from the hypoxemia and from an increase in capillaries in the area, which occur
clubbing is due to which of the following? as the
body attempts to improve blood supply. Clubbing of the fingers is associated with
a)Anemia. polycythemia, not anemia. Polycythemia results from the body's attempt to increase
b) Peripheral hypoxia. oxygen levels in the tissues. The child may be small for his or her chronological age,
c) Delayed physical growth. but clubbing does not result from slow physical growth. Destruction of the
d) Destruction of bone marrow. bone
marrow is not related to this congenital heart malformation. Instead, bone marrow is
actively producing erythrocytes to compensate for the chronic hypoxia.
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10
, 3/23/25, 8:17 Pediatric Cardiac Questions |
AM
A chest x-ray examination is ordered for ANS: D
a child with suspected cardiac problems. Chest x-ray films provide information on the size of the heart and pulmonary blood
The child's parent asks the nurse, "What flow patterns. The bones of the chest are visible on the chest x-ray film, but the
will the x-ray show about the heart?" The heart and blood vessels are also seen. Magnetic resonance imaging is a
nurse's response should be based on noninvasive technique that allows for evaluation of vascular anatomy outside of
knowledge the heart. A
that the x-ray film will do which of graphic measure of electrical activity of the heart is provided by
the following? electrocardiography.
a.Show bones of chest but not the heart
b. Evaluate the vascular anatomy outside
of the heart
c. Show a graphic measure of electrical
activity of the heart
d. Provide information on heart size and
pulmonary blood flow patterns
John is a 6-year-old child scheduled for a ANS: B
cardiac catheterization. Preoperative Preoperative teaching should always be directed to the child's stage of
teaching should be which of the following? development. The caregivers also benefit from these explanations. The parents
may ask additional questions, which should be answered, but the child needs to
a.Directed at his parents because he is receive the information based on developmental level. This age-group will not
too young to understand understand in-depth descriptions. School-age children should be prepared close to
b.Adapted to his level of development the time of the cardiac catheterization.
so that he can understand
c. Done several days before the
procedure so he will be prepared
d. Provide details about the actual
procedures so he will know what to expect
A nurse is preparing for the admission of a Answer: C
child with a diagnosis of acute-stage
Kawasaki disease. On assessment of the In the acute stage, the child has a fever, conjunctival hyperemia, red throat, swollen
child, the nurse expects to note which hands, rash, and enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. In the subacute stage,
clinical manifestation of the acute stage of cracking lips and fissures, desquamation of the skin on the tips of the fingers and
the disease? toes, joint pain, cardiac manifestations, and thrombocytosis occur. In the
convalescent stage, the child appears normal, but signs of inflammation may be
a) cracked lips present.
b) a normal appearance
c) conjunctival hyperemia
d) desquamation of the skin
After returning from cardiac ANS: C
catheterization, the nurse determines that The pulse distal to the catheterization site may be weaker for the first few hours
the pulse distal to the catheter insertion after catheterization, but should gradually increase in strength. Documentation of
site is weaker. The nurse should do which the
of the following? finding provides a baseline. The extremity is maintained straight for 4 to 6 hours.
This is an expected change. The pulse is monitored. If there are neurovascular
a.Elevate affected extremity. changes in the extremity, the practitioner is notified. The site is kept dry. Warm
b. Notify practitioner of the observation. compresses are
c. Record data on assessment flow record. not indicated.
d.Apply warm compresses to insertion site.
2/
10
AM
PEDIATRIC CARDIAC QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED GRADED A++
Terms in this set (32)
A child diagnosed with tetralogy of fallot Answer: D.
becomes upset, crying and thrashing
around when a blood specimen is the child is experiencing a "tet spell" or hypoxic episode. Therefore the nurse
obtained. The child's color becomes blue should place the child in a knee-to-chest position. Flexing the legs reduces venous
and respiratory rate increases to 44 bpm. flow of blood from lower extremities and reduces the volume of blood being
Which of the following actions would the shunted
nurse do first? through the interventricular septal defect and the overriding aorta in the child
with tetralogy of fallot. As a result, the blood then entering the systemic
a) obtain an order for sedation for the child circulation has higher oxygen content, and dyspnea is reduced. Flexing the
b) assess for an irregular heart rate and legs also increases
rhythm vascular resistance and pressure in the left ventricle. An infant often assumes a knee-
c) explain to the child that it will only to-chest position to relieve dyspnea. If this position is ineffective, then the child may
hurt for a short time need sedative. Once the child is in this position, the nurse may assess for an
d) place the child in knee-to-chest position irregular heart rate and rhythm. Explaining tho the child that it will only hurt for a
short time does nothing to alleviate hypoxia.
Answer: B
The mother of a child with tetralogy of
Fallot asks the nurse why her child Clubbing of the fingers is one common finding in the child with persistent hypoxia
has clubbed fingers. The nurse leading to tissue changes in the body because of the low oxygen content of
bases the response on the the blood (hypoxemia). It apparently results from tissue fibrosis and hypertrophy
understanding that from the hypoxemia and from an increase in capillaries in the area, which occur
clubbing is due to which of the following? as the
body attempts to improve blood supply. Clubbing of the fingers is associated with
a)Anemia. polycythemia, not anemia. Polycythemia results from the body's attempt to increase
b) Peripheral hypoxia. oxygen levels in the tissues. The child may be small for his or her chronological age,
c) Delayed physical growth. but clubbing does not result from slow physical growth. Destruction of the
d) Destruction of bone marrow. bone
marrow is not related to this congenital heart malformation. Instead, bone marrow is
actively producing erythrocytes to compensate for the chronic hypoxia.
1/
10
, 3/23/25, 8:17 Pediatric Cardiac Questions |
AM
A chest x-ray examination is ordered for ANS: D
a child with suspected cardiac problems. Chest x-ray films provide information on the size of the heart and pulmonary blood
The child's parent asks the nurse, "What flow patterns. The bones of the chest are visible on the chest x-ray film, but the
will the x-ray show about the heart?" The heart and blood vessels are also seen. Magnetic resonance imaging is a
nurse's response should be based on noninvasive technique that allows for evaluation of vascular anatomy outside of
knowledge the heart. A
that the x-ray film will do which of graphic measure of electrical activity of the heart is provided by
the following? electrocardiography.
a.Show bones of chest but not the heart
b. Evaluate the vascular anatomy outside
of the heart
c. Show a graphic measure of electrical
activity of the heart
d. Provide information on heart size and
pulmonary blood flow patterns
John is a 6-year-old child scheduled for a ANS: B
cardiac catheterization. Preoperative Preoperative teaching should always be directed to the child's stage of
teaching should be which of the following? development. The caregivers also benefit from these explanations. The parents
may ask additional questions, which should be answered, but the child needs to
a.Directed at his parents because he is receive the information based on developmental level. This age-group will not
too young to understand understand in-depth descriptions. School-age children should be prepared close to
b.Adapted to his level of development the time of the cardiac catheterization.
so that he can understand
c. Done several days before the
procedure so he will be prepared
d. Provide details about the actual
procedures so he will know what to expect
A nurse is preparing for the admission of a Answer: C
child with a diagnosis of acute-stage
Kawasaki disease. On assessment of the In the acute stage, the child has a fever, conjunctival hyperemia, red throat, swollen
child, the nurse expects to note which hands, rash, and enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. In the subacute stage,
clinical manifestation of the acute stage of cracking lips and fissures, desquamation of the skin on the tips of the fingers and
the disease? toes, joint pain, cardiac manifestations, and thrombocytosis occur. In the
convalescent stage, the child appears normal, but signs of inflammation may be
a) cracked lips present.
b) a normal appearance
c) conjunctival hyperemia
d) desquamation of the skin
After returning from cardiac ANS: C
catheterization, the nurse determines that The pulse distal to the catheterization site may be weaker for the first few hours
the pulse distal to the catheter insertion after catheterization, but should gradually increase in strength. Documentation of
site is weaker. The nurse should do which the
of the following? finding provides a baseline. The extremity is maintained straight for 4 to 6 hours.
This is an expected change. The pulse is monitored. If there are neurovascular
a.Elevate affected extremity. changes in the extremity, the practitioner is notified. The site is kept dry. Warm
b. Notify practitioner of the observation. compresses are
c. Record data on assessment flow record. not indicated.
d.Apply warm compresses to insertion site.
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10
