EVOLVE PEDIATRIC DRUGS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

EVOLVE PEDIATRIC DRUGS EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Terms in this set (24) The nurse is preparing to administer a vaccine to a child. Which conditions, if present, would allow for the safe administration of the vaccine? Select all that apply. Current Antimicrobial Therapy, Mild to Moderate local reactions, Recent exposure to infectious diseases A vaccine can be safely administered even if the child is on any antimicrobial therapy or develops a mild to moderate local reaction. Recent exposure to an infectious disease is not a contraindication. A vaccine is contraindicated if the child has moderate to severe illness with or without fever or develops an anaphylactic reaction. Phenytoin 75 mg twice daily is prescribed for a school-aged child with a seizure disorder. What instruction will the nurse include when teaching the parents about activities to limit the consequences of long-term phenytoin therapy? Provide oral hygiene, including gum massage and flossing of the teeth These procedures reduce the risk for gingival hyperplasia, a side effect of phenytoin. This drug is strongly alkaline and should be administered with meals to help prevent gastric irritation. Discoloration of the urine may occur during drug excretion; it does not cause physiologic problems. Avoiding overeating and overhydration may result in better seizure control. Which criteria should a nurse assess before preparing to discharge a pediatric client after the administration of conscious or moderate sedation? Select all that apply. Check if gag reflexes are intact, check if pain and ambulation are at a base level, check if an adult is accompanying the child and can remain with him or her for at least two half-lives of the drug A 4-year-old child is to be treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for Kawasaki disease. Before administration of the IVIG, what action(s) will the nurse take? Select all that apply. Start an intravenous line, Have the parents sign permission for blood product administration IVIG is administered intravenously, so an IV line would be required. Because IVIG is a blood product, the parents will need to sign the appropriate permission form. A cardiac monitor is not required. The child does not need to be on nothing-by-mouth status. Common side effects include headache and kidney issues. Shortness of breath and back pain may be reported. IVIG is not an antibiotic. The parents should be asked about reactions to previously administered blood products. Which points should be included when the mother of an epileptic child is being counseled? Select all that apply. The child should wear a medical alert bracelet, the parent should keep a journal of signs and symptoms before, during, and after seizures, The child should discontinue the drug immediately and the parent should notify the primary healthcare provider if rash develops A nurse teaches the parents of a 4-year-old child who is to receive digoxin elixir twice a day at home about the basic principles regarding its administration. What statement indicates to the nurse that they need further teaching? We should give the digoxin twice a day, at breakfast and dinner Doses given at breakfast and dinner will not be spaced equally; the child should be given digoxin (Lanoxin) at 12-hour intervals. The sweetened elixir may cause tooth decay; it should be directed to the side and back of the mouth, and the teeth should be brushed after each administration. Digoxin should be given on an empty stomach 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after. Some of the medication may be absorbed before the child vomits, so a second dose could result in an overdose. What are the goals of the Childhood Immunization Initiative Program? Select all that apply. To reduce the costs of a vaccine To involve more federal agencies To improve vaccine delivery systems To prevent the occurrence of indigenous infections such as diphtheria, rubella, and measles DTaP vaccines are contraindicated when prior DTaP vaccination caused which of the following side effects? Select all that apply. Immediate anaphylactic reaction Encephalopathy within seven days Which immunosuppressant drug interacts with allopurinol and may cause bone marrow suppression in children? Azathioprine When used with allopurinol, azathioprine may cause bone marrow suppression in children. Tacrolimus should be administered only after a careful assessment of a child's kidney functioning, history of past anaphylactic reactions, and availability of resuscitative equipment. The functioning level of various systems must be assessed before administering cyclosporine because this drug has a toxic effect on numerous organs. Baseline vital signs including weight should be assessed before administering muromonab-DC3 because of the potential risk for fluid retention. Which statement is true regarding drug absorption in infants? Absorption of drugs through the intramuscular route is rapid. Blood flow through the muscle is fast during the infancy; therefore, intramuscular absorption is rapid, more so than in neonates and older children. Acid-labile drugs have increased absorption because infants have low gastric acidity until 2 years of age. Absorption of drugs is not dependent on gastric emptying. This is because delayed gastric emptying for the drugs absorbed through the stomach results in faster absorption, while that in the intestine results in delayed absorption. The stratum corneum of the skin in infants is very thin, and the blood flow is much faster through it than in older children and adults. Therefore, transdermal drug absorption is much faster in infants than in children.