3/23/25, 8:55 EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat) Flashcards |
AM
EENT (EYES, EARS, NOSE, THROAT) EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Terms in this set (50)
A patient presents with an acute D. Send to an ENT specialist for further evaluation
infection of the parotid gland. After
several trials of antibiotics and Some cases of parotitis may require surgery if the stone does not pass. Refer the
sialogogues, the swelling has not patient to an ENT for further evaluation if this occurs. If you have already tried
resolved. What would you do next? several courses of antibiotics, a culture will not help at this point, since it is likely that
the stone may lodge in the salivary gland. Even if you were able to locate the stone
A. Culture the area on a radiograph, once conservative treatment fails an ENT may have to remove the
stone.
B.Observe the swelling for another month
C. Order a panoramic radiograph
D.Send to an ENT specialist for
further evaluation
1/16
,3/23/25, 8:55 EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat) Flashcards |
AM
A 4-year-old boy being treated for sinusitis B. Orbital Cellulitis
presents to the emergency department
with a fever and headache. The boy was Orbital cellulitis can develop from a sinus infection if left untreated. A patient may
seen by his primary care provider 2 have decreased visual acuity, limited ocular motility, and chemosis. The eyelid
days ago and given a prescription for becomes warm, erythematous, and painful. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the
amoxicillin. You cannot obtain a clear orbit and sinuses should be obtained. Treatment consists of hospital admission and
history from the mother on whether intravenous therapy. Meningitis would present with meningeal signs including a
she administered the medication high fever, headache, and neck pain. Resistant chronic sinusitis would not present
properly. On examination, you notice that with restricted extraocular movements. Mastoiditis usually presents after an otitis
his eyelid is swollen, there is restricted media with pain, swelling, and erythema around the ear in the area of the mastoid.
extraocular movements, and proptosis is
present. The remainder of the
examination is normal. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Meningitis
B. Orbital cellulitis
C. Chronic Sinusitis
D. Mastoiditis
A 12-year-old girl was recently diagnosed D. Scarlet fever
clinically with a viral pharyngitis but now
presents with worsening of throat pain, This patient most likely had a group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) and is
fever, tender lymph nodes, and a red rash now presenting with scarlet fever. A scarlatiniform rash or strawberry tongue is also
over her shoulders only. What is the most considered pathognomonic of streptococcal disease. Hand, foot, and mouth disease
likely diagnosis? can present with upper respiratory symptoms, but usually the rash is isolated to the
hands and feet. Oral ulcers can occur as well. Measles can also present with
A. Hand, foot, and mouth disease upper respiratory symptoms, but subsequently the patient develops Koplik spots in
the mouth and a rash that starts at the head and then spreads downward across the
B.Measles body. Roseola infantum is also referred to as sixth disease. It starts as a high fever
and once the fever resolves, a characteristic rash appears on the trunk.
C. Roseola
D.Scarlet fever
When conductive hearing loss occurs, the D. Middle Ear
lesion causing the hearing deficit usually
involves which of the following structures? Conductive hearing loss results from lesions involving the external or middle ear.
Sensorineural hearing loss results from lesions of the cochlea, auditory division, or
A. Cochlea eighth cranial nerve. Central hearing disorders result from lesion of the central
auditory pathway.
B. Eighth cranial nerve
C. Central auditory pathway
D. Middle Ear
2/16
, 3/23/25, 8:55 EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat) Flashcards |
AM
What is the most common pathogen A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
associated with otitis media?
The most common pathogen associated with otitis media is S. pneumoniae, followed
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae by H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis
B.Haemophilus influenza
C. Moraxella catarrhalis
D. Staphylococcal aureus
A 5-year-old child presents with an acute B. perform a throat swab
case of fever, chills, adenopathy, and
pharyngitis. The caretaker has tried When a child presents with a sore throat, a throat culture should be performed to
symptomatic treatment for over a determine if group A beta-streptococcal pharyngitis is present, and if so,
week. What would be the next appropriate treatment should be started. Penicillin is still the treatment of choice for
appropriate step in this situation? group A streptococcus and amoxicillin is too broad spectrum a treatment. A
radiograph will not offer any additional information. Since the symptoms have been
A. Perform a cervical spine radiograph occurring for over a week, it is important to determine if the infection is caused by
to look at the soft tissue structures of the group A streptococcus so it can be treated promptly to avoid sequelae of this type
neck of infection.
B. perform a throat swab
C. start amoxicillin
D. Observe the patient for 48 hours before
starting treatment
Which of the following findings helps to C. Displacement of the uvula
confirm the diagnosis on a peritonsillar
abscess? Although all the above can occur with a peritonsillar abscess, displacement of the
uvula should alert the clinician that the signs are suggestive of this diagnosis and
A. Enlarged tonsils not a simple pharyngitis.
B.Pharyngeal erythema
C. Displacement of the uvula
D.Swollen Lymph nodes
Which form of oral candidiasis commonly A. Pseudomembranous
presents as white fungal plaques on the
tongue or other oral surfaces of the mouth Pseudomembranous (thrush) candidiasis presents as white fungal plaques along the
and can be easily wiped off? oral surfaces of the mouth that can easily be wiped off. Erythematous (atrophic)
candidiasis presents as a reddish lesion. Hyperplastic plaques are white, have fungal
A. Pseudomembranous hyphae within the surface layers of hyperkeratotic epithelium, and do not rub off.
B. Erythema
C. Hyperplastic
D. Neoplastic
3/16
AM
EENT (EYES, EARS, NOSE, THROAT) EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Terms in this set (50)
A patient presents with an acute D. Send to an ENT specialist for further evaluation
infection of the parotid gland. After
several trials of antibiotics and Some cases of parotitis may require surgery if the stone does not pass. Refer the
sialogogues, the swelling has not patient to an ENT for further evaluation if this occurs. If you have already tried
resolved. What would you do next? several courses of antibiotics, a culture will not help at this point, since it is likely that
the stone may lodge in the salivary gland. Even if you were able to locate the stone
A. Culture the area on a radiograph, once conservative treatment fails an ENT may have to remove the
stone.
B.Observe the swelling for another month
C. Order a panoramic radiograph
D.Send to an ENT specialist for
further evaluation
1/16
,3/23/25, 8:55 EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat) Flashcards |
AM
A 4-year-old boy being treated for sinusitis B. Orbital Cellulitis
presents to the emergency department
with a fever and headache. The boy was Orbital cellulitis can develop from a sinus infection if left untreated. A patient may
seen by his primary care provider 2 have decreased visual acuity, limited ocular motility, and chemosis. The eyelid
days ago and given a prescription for becomes warm, erythematous, and painful. Computed tomography (CT) scans of the
amoxicillin. You cannot obtain a clear orbit and sinuses should be obtained. Treatment consists of hospital admission and
history from the mother on whether intravenous therapy. Meningitis would present with meningeal signs including a
she administered the medication high fever, headache, and neck pain. Resistant chronic sinusitis would not present
properly. On examination, you notice that with restricted extraocular movements. Mastoiditis usually presents after an otitis
his eyelid is swollen, there is restricted media with pain, swelling, and erythema around the ear in the area of the mastoid.
extraocular movements, and proptosis is
present. The remainder of the
examination is normal. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Meningitis
B. Orbital cellulitis
C. Chronic Sinusitis
D. Mastoiditis
A 12-year-old girl was recently diagnosed D. Scarlet fever
clinically with a viral pharyngitis but now
presents with worsening of throat pain, This patient most likely had a group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (GABHS) and is
fever, tender lymph nodes, and a red rash now presenting with scarlet fever. A scarlatiniform rash or strawberry tongue is also
over her shoulders only. What is the most considered pathognomonic of streptococcal disease. Hand, foot, and mouth disease
likely diagnosis? can present with upper respiratory symptoms, but usually the rash is isolated to the
hands and feet. Oral ulcers can occur as well. Measles can also present with
A. Hand, foot, and mouth disease upper respiratory symptoms, but subsequently the patient develops Koplik spots in
the mouth and a rash that starts at the head and then spreads downward across the
B.Measles body. Roseola infantum is also referred to as sixth disease. It starts as a high fever
and once the fever resolves, a characteristic rash appears on the trunk.
C. Roseola
D.Scarlet fever
When conductive hearing loss occurs, the D. Middle Ear
lesion causing the hearing deficit usually
involves which of the following structures? Conductive hearing loss results from lesions involving the external or middle ear.
Sensorineural hearing loss results from lesions of the cochlea, auditory division, or
A. Cochlea eighth cranial nerve. Central hearing disorders result from lesion of the central
auditory pathway.
B. Eighth cranial nerve
C. Central auditory pathway
D. Middle Ear
2/16
, 3/23/25, 8:55 EENT (Eyes, Ears, Nose, Throat) Flashcards |
AM
What is the most common pathogen A. Streptococcus pneumoniae
associated with otitis media?
The most common pathogen associated with otitis media is S. pneumoniae, followed
A. Streptococcus pneumoniae by H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis
B.Haemophilus influenza
C. Moraxella catarrhalis
D. Staphylococcal aureus
A 5-year-old child presents with an acute B. perform a throat swab
case of fever, chills, adenopathy, and
pharyngitis. The caretaker has tried When a child presents with a sore throat, a throat culture should be performed to
symptomatic treatment for over a determine if group A beta-streptococcal pharyngitis is present, and if so,
week. What would be the next appropriate treatment should be started. Penicillin is still the treatment of choice for
appropriate step in this situation? group A streptococcus and amoxicillin is too broad spectrum a treatment. A
radiograph will not offer any additional information. Since the symptoms have been
A. Perform a cervical spine radiograph occurring for over a week, it is important to determine if the infection is caused by
to look at the soft tissue structures of the group A streptococcus so it can be treated promptly to avoid sequelae of this type
neck of infection.
B. perform a throat swab
C. start amoxicillin
D. Observe the patient for 48 hours before
starting treatment
Which of the following findings helps to C. Displacement of the uvula
confirm the diagnosis on a peritonsillar
abscess? Although all the above can occur with a peritonsillar abscess, displacement of the
uvula should alert the clinician that the signs are suggestive of this diagnosis and
A. Enlarged tonsils not a simple pharyngitis.
B.Pharyngeal erythema
C. Displacement of the uvula
D.Swollen Lymph nodes
Which form of oral candidiasis commonly A. Pseudomembranous
presents as white fungal plaques on the
tongue or other oral surfaces of the mouth Pseudomembranous (thrush) candidiasis presents as white fungal plaques along the
and can be easily wiped off? oral surfaces of the mouth that can easily be wiped off. Erythematous (atrophic)
candidiasis presents as a reddish lesion. Hyperplastic plaques are white, have fungal
A. Pseudomembranous hyphae within the surface layers of hyperkeratotic epithelium, and do not rub off.
B. Erythema
C. Hyperplastic
D. Neoplastic
3/16
