RADIATION PROTECTION ARRT STUDY GUIDE
QUESTION BANK EXAM QUESTIONS EXPERT
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2.genetic effects
The principal late effects 3.malignant disease
of ionizing radiation on
humans include Late or long-term effects of radiation can occur in
tissues as a result of chronic exposure or tissues that
1.local tissue damage have survived a previous irradiation months or years
2.genetic effects earlier. These late effects, such as carcinogenesis and
3.malignant disease genetic effects, are "all-or-nothing" effects—either the
organism develops cancer or it does not.
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ALL...
Occupationally exposed individuals are concerned
principally with late (i.e., long-term or delayed) effects
Examples of late effects of
of ionizing radiation such as radiation-induced
ionizing radiation on
genetic effects, leukemia, and cancers (e.g., bone,
humans include:
lung, thyroid, and breast), as well as local effects,
1.leukemia
such as skin erythema, infertility, and cataracts—these
2.local tissue damage
can occur many years following initial exposure to
3.malignant disease
low levels of ionizing radiation. The long-
term/delayed effects usually are chronic, and many
are represented by the linear, nonthreshold dose-
response curve.
The effect of ionizing ALL...
radiation on tissue
depends on which of the
following?
1.Type of tissue
interaction(s)
2.Amount of interactions
3.Biologic differences
2.may be described as "all-or-nothing" effects
3.are late effects
Stochastic effects of
radiation are those that Late effects of radiation can occur in cells that have
survived a previous irradiation months or years earlier.
1.have a threshold These late effects, such as carcinogenesis and genetic
2.may be described as effects, are "all-or-nothing" effects—either the
"all-or-nothing" effects organism develops cancer or it does not. Most late
3.are late effects effects do not have a threshold dose; that is, any
dose, however small, theoretically can induce an
effect.
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Late effects of radiation, stochastic
whose incidence is dose
related and for which
there is no threshold dose,
are referred to as
The photoelectric effect
a relatively low-energy photon uses all its energy to
eject an inner-shell electron from the target atom,
What contributes most to leaving a vacancy in that shell. An electron from the
patient dose? shell beyond drops down to fill the vacancy and, in
doing so, emits a characteristic ray.This type of
interaction contributes most to patient dose, because
all the x-ray photon energy is being transferred to
tissue.
Which of the following The photoelectric effect
interactions between x-ray
photons and matter is
most responsible for
patient dose?
an inner-shell electron
The photoelectric effect is
an interaction between an a relatively low-energy incident photon uses all its
x-ray photon and energy to eject an inner-shell electron, leaving a
vacancy.
______ occurs when an x-ray Absorption
photon interacts with
matter and disappears, as
in the photoelectric effect.
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